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Clinicopathologic and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012-2018)

Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to describe clinical manifestations, diagnostic options, radiological features, therapeutic plans and outcomes for cats infected with Rhodococcus equi. Methods: Forty cats aged between 2 months and 11 years old (median 6 months) that were definitively diag...

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Main Authors: Aslam, Muhammad Waseem, Lau, Seng Fong, Chin, Chelly Sze Lee, Ahmad, Nur Indah, Rahman, Nor Alimah, Kuppusamy, Krishnammah, Omar, Sharina, Radzi, Rozanaliza
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sage Publications 2019
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80945/1/CAT.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80945/
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1098612X19886395
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spelling my.upm.eprints.809452020-10-15T12:58:06Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80945/ Clinicopathologic and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012-2018) Aslam, Muhammad Waseem Lau, Seng Fong Chin, Chelly Sze Lee Ahmad, Nur Indah Rahman, Nor Alimah Kuppusamy, Krishnammah Omar, Sharina Radzi, Rozanaliza Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to describe clinical manifestations, diagnostic options, radiological features, therapeutic plans and outcomes for cats infected with Rhodococcus equi. Methods: Forty cats aged between 2 months and 11 years old (median 6 months) that were definitively diagnosed with rhodococcosis between 2012 and 2018 were recruited in this study. Medical records were reviewed for information on signalment, history, clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, treatment plans and clinical outcomes. Results Of the 40 cats, 36 showed the pulmonary form of the disease, with 35 (87.5%) presenting with dyspnoea, while four cats presented with only cutaneous lesions. Mean body temperature was 38.7±0.2°C. Dyspnoea was noted in 87.5% of the cats. Leukocytosis (58.3%) with band neutrophilia (83.3%), monocytosis (58.3%) and thrombocytopenia (55.5%) were prominent findings in the haematology reports. Hyperproteinaemia (61.1%) with hypoalbuminaemia (22.2%) and hyperglobulinaemia (63.8%) with a low albumin:globulin ratio (38.9%) were prominent features of blood biochemistry reports. An alveolar–interstitial pattern was noted in 75% of prethoracocentesis radiographs. Pleural effusion, hepatomegaly, thoracic lymphadenopathy and atelectasis of any lung lobe were seen in 88.9%, 75%, 41.7% and 36.1% of cats, respectively. Overall, the mortality rate was 67.5% in both forms. Conclusions and relevance Clinicians should be aware that feline rhodococcosis manifests as a pulmonary disease at a much higher rate than previously reported. Further studies are required to address the epidemiology, pathophysiology, disease management and prognosis of feline rhodococcosis. The role of immunosuppression as a predisposing factor in feline rhodococcosis requires further investigation. Sage Publications 2019 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80945/1/CAT.pdf Aslam, Muhammad Waseem and Lau, Seng Fong and Chin, Chelly Sze Lee and Ahmad, Nur Indah and Rahman, Nor Alimah and Kuppusamy, Krishnammah and Omar, Sharina and Radzi, Rozanaliza (2019) Clinicopathologic and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012-2018). Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 22 (8). pp. 774-790. ISSN 1098-612X; ESSN: 1532-2750 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1098612X19886395 10.1177/1098612X19886395
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to describe clinical manifestations, diagnostic options, radiological features, therapeutic plans and outcomes for cats infected with Rhodococcus equi. Methods: Forty cats aged between 2 months and 11 years old (median 6 months) that were definitively diagnosed with rhodococcosis between 2012 and 2018 were recruited in this study. Medical records were reviewed for information on signalment, history, clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, treatment plans and clinical outcomes. Results Of the 40 cats, 36 showed the pulmonary form of the disease, with 35 (87.5%) presenting with dyspnoea, while four cats presented with only cutaneous lesions. Mean body temperature was 38.7±0.2°C. Dyspnoea was noted in 87.5% of the cats. Leukocytosis (58.3%) with band neutrophilia (83.3%), monocytosis (58.3%) and thrombocytopenia (55.5%) were prominent findings in the haematology reports. Hyperproteinaemia (61.1%) with hypoalbuminaemia (22.2%) and hyperglobulinaemia (63.8%) with a low albumin:globulin ratio (38.9%) were prominent features of blood biochemistry reports. An alveolar–interstitial pattern was noted in 75% of prethoracocentesis radiographs. Pleural effusion, hepatomegaly, thoracic lymphadenopathy and atelectasis of any lung lobe were seen in 88.9%, 75%, 41.7% and 36.1% of cats, respectively. Overall, the mortality rate was 67.5% in both forms. Conclusions and relevance Clinicians should be aware that feline rhodococcosis manifests as a pulmonary disease at a much higher rate than previously reported. Further studies are required to address the epidemiology, pathophysiology, disease management and prognosis of feline rhodococcosis. The role of immunosuppression as a predisposing factor in feline rhodococcosis requires further investigation.
format Article
author Aslam, Muhammad Waseem
Lau, Seng Fong
Chin, Chelly Sze Lee
Ahmad, Nur Indah
Rahman, Nor Alimah
Kuppusamy, Krishnammah
Omar, Sharina
Radzi, Rozanaliza
spellingShingle Aslam, Muhammad Waseem
Lau, Seng Fong
Chin, Chelly Sze Lee
Ahmad, Nur Indah
Rahman, Nor Alimah
Kuppusamy, Krishnammah
Omar, Sharina
Radzi, Rozanaliza
Clinicopathologic and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012-2018)
author_facet Aslam, Muhammad Waseem
Lau, Seng Fong
Chin, Chelly Sze Lee
Ahmad, Nur Indah
Rahman, Nor Alimah
Kuppusamy, Krishnammah
Omar, Sharina
Radzi, Rozanaliza
author_sort Aslam, Muhammad Waseem
title Clinicopathologic and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012-2018)
title_short Clinicopathologic and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012-2018)
title_full Clinicopathologic and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012-2018)
title_fullStr Clinicopathologic and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012-2018)
title_full_unstemmed Clinicopathologic and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous Rhodococcus equi infection (2012-2018)
title_sort clinicopathologic and radiographic features in 40 cats diagnosed with pulmonary and cutaneous rhodococcus equi infection (2012-2018)
publisher Sage Publications
publishDate 2019
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80945/1/CAT.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80945/
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1098612X19886395
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score 13.211869

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