Cover Image

Optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties

In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for the optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels using independent variables: temperature (45–65 °C), ethanol concentration (70–90%, v/v) and time (80–120 min) through its responses, which were DPPH scavenging activ...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Vijayakumar, Ramya, Abd Gani, Siti Salwa, Zaidan, Uswatun Hasanah, Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: M D P I AG 2018
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/75168/1/Optimization%20of%20the%20antioxidant%20potentials%20of%20red%20pitaya%20peels%20and%20its%20in%20vitro%20skin%20whitening%20properties.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/75168/
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/8/9/1516
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id my.upm.eprints.75168
record_format eprints
spelling my.upm.eprints.751682019-11-27T02:49:57Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/75168/ Optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties Vijayakumar, Ramya Abd Gani, Siti Salwa Zaidan, Uswatun Hasanah Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for the optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels using independent variables: temperature (45–65 °C), ethanol concentration (70–90%, v/v) and time (80–120 min) through its responses, which were DPPH scavenging activity, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and beta-carotene bleaching (BCB) inhibition, respectively. In Vitro anti-tyrosinase and vitamin C content assays were carried out spectrophotometrically to determine the skin whitening efficacy of the optimized red pitaya peel extract. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was employed to identify the chemical constituents present in the optimized extract. The optimized conditions were ethanol 82% (v/v) for 103 min at 56 °C with values of 75.98% for DPPH, 7.45 mM Fe2+/g dry weight for FRAP and 93.29% for BCB respectively. The in vitro anti-tyrosinase and vitamin C content evaluation of the optimized extract showed a good tyrosinase inhibition of 66.29% with IC50 of 24.06 µg/mL while the vitamin C content was 5.45 mg/g of the extract. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of thirty phytoconstituents with l-(+)-ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate being the most abundant with a peak area of 14.66%. This study evidently suggests the potential of red pitaya peels to be exploited as a natural skin whitening agent in the cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical formulations. M D P I AG 2018 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/75168/1/Optimization%20of%20the%20antioxidant%20potentials%20of%20red%20pitaya%20peels%20and%20its%20in%20vitro%20skin%20whitening%20properties.pdf Vijayakumar, Ramya and Abd Gani, Siti Salwa and Zaidan, Uswatun Hasanah and Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi (2018) Optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties. Applied Sciences, 8 (9). pp. 1-21. ISSN 2076-3417 https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/8/9/1516 10.3390/app8091516 www.mdpi.com/journal/applsc
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for the optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels using independent variables: temperature (45–65 °C), ethanol concentration (70–90%, v/v) and time (80–120 min) through its responses, which were DPPH scavenging activity, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and beta-carotene bleaching (BCB) inhibition, respectively. In Vitro anti-tyrosinase and vitamin C content assays were carried out spectrophotometrically to determine the skin whitening efficacy of the optimized red pitaya peel extract. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was employed to identify the chemical constituents present in the optimized extract. The optimized conditions were ethanol 82% (v/v) for 103 min at 56 °C with values of 75.98% for DPPH, 7.45 mM Fe2+/g dry weight for FRAP and 93.29% for BCB respectively. The in vitro anti-tyrosinase and vitamin C content evaluation of the optimized extract showed a good tyrosinase inhibition of 66.29% with IC50 of 24.06 µg/mL while the vitamin C content was 5.45 mg/g of the extract. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of thirty phytoconstituents with l-(+)-ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate being the most abundant with a peak area of 14.66%. This study evidently suggests the potential of red pitaya peels to be exploited as a natural skin whitening agent in the cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical formulations.
format Article
author Vijayakumar, Ramya
Abd Gani, Siti Salwa
Zaidan, Uswatun Hasanah
Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi
spellingShingle Vijayakumar, Ramya
Abd Gani, Siti Salwa
Zaidan, Uswatun Hasanah
Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi
Optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties
author_facet Vijayakumar, Ramya
Abd Gani, Siti Salwa
Zaidan, Uswatun Hasanah
Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi
author_sort Vijayakumar, Ramya
title Optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties
title_short Optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties
title_full Optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties
title_fullStr Optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties
title_sort optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties
publisher M D P I AG
publishDate 2018
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/75168/1/Optimization%20of%20the%20antioxidant%20potentials%20of%20red%20pitaya%20peels%20and%20its%20in%20vitro%20skin%20whitening%20properties.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/75168/
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/8/9/1516
_version_ 1651869177144672256
score 13.211869

Similar Items