A03 Skeletal muscle mass and its relationship with physical activity and functional status among institutionalised elderly aged 60 and above in Penang
The objective of this study is to determine the skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and its relationship with physical activity and functional status among elderly subjects, aged 60 years and above in the Home for the Infirm and Aged, Penang. A face-to-face interview questionnaire was used to collect the...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nutrition Society of Malaysia
2008
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/6729/ http://www.nutriweb.org.my/publications/mjn0014_2/supplement.pdf |
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| Summary: | The objective of this study is to determine the skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and its relationship
with physical activity and functional status among elderly subjects, aged 60 years and above in the
Home for the Infirm and Aged, Penang. A face-to-face interview questionnaire was used to collect
the information on personal background and health-related characteristics. Activities of Daily
Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and the International Physical Activity
Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used to assess the functional status and physical activity. Anthropometric
measurements (weight, height, waist, hip, calf and thigh circumferences, body fat mass, body fat
percentage and handgrip strength) were measured using appropriate instruments and standard
procedures. The anthropometric SMM prediction equation by Lee et al. (2000) was used to determine
the SMM value. SMM (kg) = 0.244 x body weight (kg) + 7.80 x height (m) – 0.098 x age (y) + 6.6 x sex
(1= male; 0=female) – 1.2 (Asian) – 3.3. A total of 61 elderly (males=47.5%; females=52.5%)
participated in this study and their age ranged from 61 to 87 years. Weight (55.28 ± 10.47 kg vs
50.56 ± 10.52 kg), height (162.07 ± 6.48 cm vs 152.34 ± 7.74 cm), and SMM (21.17 ± 2.98 kg vs 12.59 ±
2.78 kg) were significantly higher in males than females. According to age groups, younger
respondents (60–69 years) had significantly higher weight (54.27 ± 9.59 kg), Body Mass Index (BMI)
(22.12 ± 3.65 kg/m2), and Waist-Hip-Ratio (WHR) (0.90 ± 0.11) compared to older respondents (>70
years). There was no significant association between SMM and ADL scores, IADL and level of
physical activity. However, SMM was significantly correlated with handgrip strength (r = 0.637, p
< 0.01). Age was not significantly associated with ADL score, IADL score, level of physical activity,
SMM and handgrip strength. In conclusion, males and the younger age group had higher SMM,
functional status, physical activity, BMI, WHR and other anthropometric measurements. With
increasing age, there will be further changes in body composition, decline in functional and
physical ability thus affecting health of the elderly. Therefore, the elderly who are at increased
risk need to be identified and provided with appropriate intervention programmes or activities.
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