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Evaluation of direct esterification of fatty acid derivative of Kojic acid in co-solvent system: a statistical approach

The present work deals with direct esterification method to synthesize Kojic acid using immobilized lipase as a biocatalyst in acetonitrile with the addition of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a solubilizing agent Co-solvent respectively. To increase the esterification yield of KMO, modifications of the...

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Main Authors: Ahmad Norddin, Fatin Amirah, Syed Azhar, Sharifah Nurfadhlin Afifah, Ashari, Siti Efliza
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Omics Publishing 2017
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61783/1/Evaluation%20of%20direct%20esterification%20of%20fatty%20acid%20derivative%20of%20Kojic%20acid%20in%20co-solvent%20system.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61783/
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/evaluation-of-direct-esterification-of-fatty-acid-derivative-of-kojic-acid-incosolvent-system-a-statistical-approach-2157-7048-1000331.php?aid=88809
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spelling my.upm.eprints.617832019-01-23T08:30:11Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61783/ Evaluation of direct esterification of fatty acid derivative of Kojic acid in co-solvent system: a statistical approach Ahmad Norddin, Fatin Amirah Syed Azhar, Sharifah Nurfadhlin Afifah Ashari, Siti Efliza The present work deals with direct esterification method to synthesize Kojic acid using immobilized lipase as a biocatalyst in acetonitrile with the addition of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a solubilizing agent Co-solvent respectively. To increase the esterification yield of KMO, modifications of the process were evaluated, including the use of a cosolvent and the use of Novozyme 435 (Candida antarctica) as a catalyst. The KMO synthesis has been developed and optimized by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). The optimized condition of enzyme was 3.35 wt% and 1:3.64 molar ratio of kojic acid and oleic acid at 82.39°C for 255.24 min of reaction. With these condition, the maximum percentage yield was 42.73% with R2 value of 0.866914 and indicated that 86.69% of the variability in the response could be explained by the model. The model was significant and fitted well with the experimental data and the lack of fit was not significant. The efficacy for cosmetic application was successfully tested and showed as non-irritating with a Human Irritancy Equivalent score between 0.55-0.83 which safe to be applied in cosmetic ingredient. Omics Publishing 2017 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61783/1/Evaluation%20of%20direct%20esterification%20of%20fatty%20acid%20derivative%20of%20Kojic%20acid%20in%20co-solvent%20system.pdf Ahmad Norddin, Fatin Amirah and Syed Azhar, Sharifah Nurfadhlin Afifah and Ashari, Siti Efliza (2017) Evaluation of direct esterification of fatty acid derivative of Kojic acid in co-solvent system: a statistical approach. Journal of Chemical Engineering and Process Technology, 8 (2). pp. 1-6. ISSN 2157-7048 https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/evaluation-of-direct-esterification-of-fatty-acid-derivative-of-kojic-acid-incosolvent-system-a-statistical-approach-2157-7048-1000331.php?aid=88809 10.4172/2157-7048.1000331
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description The present work deals with direct esterification method to synthesize Kojic acid using immobilized lipase as a biocatalyst in acetonitrile with the addition of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a solubilizing agent Co-solvent respectively. To increase the esterification yield of KMO, modifications of the process were evaluated, including the use of a cosolvent and the use of Novozyme 435 (Candida antarctica) as a catalyst. The KMO synthesis has been developed and optimized by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). The optimized condition of enzyme was 3.35 wt% and 1:3.64 molar ratio of kojic acid and oleic acid at 82.39°C for 255.24 min of reaction. With these condition, the maximum percentage yield was 42.73% with R2 value of 0.866914 and indicated that 86.69% of the variability in the response could be explained by the model. The model was significant and fitted well with the experimental data and the lack of fit was not significant. The efficacy for cosmetic application was successfully tested and showed as non-irritating with a Human Irritancy Equivalent score between 0.55-0.83 which safe to be applied in cosmetic ingredient.
format Article
author Ahmad Norddin, Fatin Amirah
Syed Azhar, Sharifah Nurfadhlin Afifah
Ashari, Siti Efliza
spellingShingle Ahmad Norddin, Fatin Amirah
Syed Azhar, Sharifah Nurfadhlin Afifah
Ashari, Siti Efliza
Evaluation of direct esterification of fatty acid derivative of Kojic acid in co-solvent system: a statistical approach
author_facet Ahmad Norddin, Fatin Amirah
Syed Azhar, Sharifah Nurfadhlin Afifah
Ashari, Siti Efliza
author_sort Ahmad Norddin, Fatin Amirah
title Evaluation of direct esterification of fatty acid derivative of Kojic acid in co-solvent system: a statistical approach
title_short Evaluation of direct esterification of fatty acid derivative of Kojic acid in co-solvent system: a statistical approach
title_full Evaluation of direct esterification of fatty acid derivative of Kojic acid in co-solvent system: a statistical approach
title_fullStr Evaluation of direct esterification of fatty acid derivative of Kojic acid in co-solvent system: a statistical approach
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of direct esterification of fatty acid derivative of Kojic acid in co-solvent system: a statistical approach
title_sort evaluation of direct esterification of fatty acid derivative of kojic acid in co-solvent system: a statistical approach
publisher Omics Publishing
publishDate 2017
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61783/1/Evaluation%20of%20direct%20esterification%20of%20fatty%20acid%20derivative%20of%20Kojic%20acid%20in%20co-solvent%20system.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/61783/
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/evaluation-of-direct-esterification-of-fatty-acid-derivative-of-kojic-acid-incosolvent-system-a-statistical-approach-2157-7048-1000331.php?aid=88809
_version_ 1643837594764574720
score 13.211869

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