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Equilibrium and Kinetics of Cadmium and Zinc Adsorption on Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell

A series of batch laboratory studies were conducted in order to investigate the suitability of palm kernel shell (PKS)-based activated carbon for the removal of cadmium (cadmium ions) and zinc (zinc ions) from their aqueous solutions. Single and binary adsorption isotherms and kinetics were investi...

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Main Author: Muhammad, Muhammad
Format: Thesis
Language:English
English
Published: 2006
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/604/1/1600439.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/604/
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spelling my.upm.eprints.6042013-05-27T06:49:37Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/604/ Equilibrium and Kinetics of Cadmium and Zinc Adsorption on Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell Muhammad, Muhammad A series of batch laboratory studies were conducted in order to investigate the suitability of palm kernel shell (PKS)-based activated carbon for the removal of cadmium (cadmium ions) and zinc (zinc ions) from their aqueous solutions. Single and binary adsorption isotherms and kinetics were investigated. All batch experiments were carried out at a constant temperature of 30+1°C using an incubator shaker that operated at 150 rpm. A concentration ratio of cadmium and zinc used in the adsorption of binary system is 1:1. Batch equilibrium studies showed that adsorption of cadmium and zinc were highly pH dependent. Uptake of cadmium and zinc increased with pH with maximum removal observed at pH 7.0, and decreased thereafter with further increase in the initial pH. In a single component system, the adsorption capacity of cadmium was higher than zinc, whilst in a binary component system, the adsorption capacity of zinc was higher than cadmium. The single component equilibrium data was analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich–Peterson isotherms. Overall, the Redlich-Peterson isotherm showed the best fit for all adsorption under investigation in terms of correlation coefficient as well as error analysis. For all the systems studied, the analysis of isotherm shape factor showed that the adsorption was favorable. Equilibrium isotherms for the binary adsorption of cadmium (II) and zinc (II) ions onto PKS-base activated carbon have been analyzed by using the ideal adsorbed solution (IAS) theory, extended Langmuir (EL), modified extended Langmuir (MEL), modified extended Freundlich (MEF) and modified extended Redlich-Peterson (MERP) models. The binary isotherm data could be described reasonably well by the modified extended Langmuir model. The kinetics of single and binary systems describing the sorption of cadmium and zinc have been investigated. The rate models evaluated include the pseudo first order, the pseudo-second order and the intraparticle diffusion models. Kinetic data showed that the adsorption rates were a function of initial adsorbate concentration. For both single and binary systems, the pseudo-second order model correlate excellently the experimental data, suggesting that chemisorption processes could be the rate- limiting step. 2006-10 Thesis NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/604/1/1600439.pdf Muhammad, Muhammad (2006) Equilibrium and Kinetics of Cadmium and Zinc Adsorption on Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia. English
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
English
description A series of batch laboratory studies were conducted in order to investigate the suitability of palm kernel shell (PKS)-based activated carbon for the removal of cadmium (cadmium ions) and zinc (zinc ions) from their aqueous solutions. Single and binary adsorption isotherms and kinetics were investigated. All batch experiments were carried out at a constant temperature of 30+1°C using an incubator shaker that operated at 150 rpm. A concentration ratio of cadmium and zinc used in the adsorption of binary system is 1:1. Batch equilibrium studies showed that adsorption of cadmium and zinc were highly pH dependent. Uptake of cadmium and zinc increased with pH with maximum removal observed at pH 7.0, and decreased thereafter with further increase in the initial pH. In a single component system, the adsorption capacity of cadmium was higher than zinc, whilst in a binary component system, the adsorption capacity of zinc was higher than cadmium. The single component equilibrium data was analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich–Peterson isotherms. Overall, the Redlich-Peterson isotherm showed the best fit for all adsorption under investigation in terms of correlation coefficient as well as error analysis. For all the systems studied, the analysis of isotherm shape factor showed that the adsorption was favorable. Equilibrium isotherms for the binary adsorption of cadmium (II) and zinc (II) ions onto PKS-base activated carbon have been analyzed by using the ideal adsorbed solution (IAS) theory, extended Langmuir (EL), modified extended Langmuir (MEL), modified extended Freundlich (MEF) and modified extended Redlich-Peterson (MERP) models. The binary isotherm data could be described reasonably well by the modified extended Langmuir model. The kinetics of single and binary systems describing the sorption of cadmium and zinc have been investigated. The rate models evaluated include the pseudo first order, the pseudo-second order and the intraparticle diffusion models. Kinetic data showed that the adsorption rates were a function of initial adsorbate concentration. For both single and binary systems, the pseudo-second order model correlate excellently the experimental data, suggesting that chemisorption processes could be the rate- limiting step.
format Thesis
author Muhammad, Muhammad
spellingShingle Muhammad, Muhammad
Equilibrium and Kinetics of Cadmium and Zinc Adsorption on Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell
author_facet Muhammad, Muhammad
author_sort Muhammad, Muhammad
title Equilibrium and Kinetics of Cadmium and Zinc Adsorption on Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell
title_short Equilibrium and Kinetics of Cadmium and Zinc Adsorption on Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell
title_full Equilibrium and Kinetics of Cadmium and Zinc Adsorption on Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell
title_fullStr Equilibrium and Kinetics of Cadmium and Zinc Adsorption on Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell
title_full_unstemmed Equilibrium and Kinetics of Cadmium and Zinc Adsorption on Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell
title_sort equilibrium and kinetics of cadmium and zinc adsorption on activated carbon from palm kernel shell
publishDate 2006
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/604/1/1600439.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/604/
_version_ 1643821870672248832
score 13.211869

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