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Pyrolytic liquid fuel: a source of renewable electricity generation in Makkah

Millions of Muslims from all over the world visit the Holy Cities of Saudi Arabia: Makkah and Madinah every year to worship in form of Pilgrimage (Hajj) and Umrah. The rapid growth in local population, urbanization, and living standards in Makkah city along with continually increasing number of visi...

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Main Authors:	Rehan, Mohammad, Nizami, Abdul Sattar, Shahzad, Khurram, Ouda, Omar K. M., Ismail, I. M. I., Almeelbi, Talal, Iqbal, Tariq, Demirbas, Ayhan
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Taylor & Francis 2016
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53704/1/Pyrolytic%20liquid%20fuel.pdf http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53704/ http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15567036.2016.1153753?journalCode=ueso20
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spelling	my.upm.eprints.537042018-01-15T06:09:45Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53704/ Pyrolytic liquid fuel: a source of renewable electricity generation in Makkah Rehan, Mohammad Nizami, Abdul Sattar Shahzad, Khurram Ouda, Omar K. M. Ismail, I. M. I. Almeelbi, Talal Iqbal, Tariq Demirbas, Ayhan Millions of Muslims from all over the world visit the Holy Cities of Saudi Arabia: Makkah and Madinah every year to worship in form of Pilgrimage (Hajj) and Umrah. The rapid growth in local population, urbanization, and living standards in Makkah city along with continually increasing number of visitors result in huge municipal solid waste generation every year. Most of this waste is disposed to landfills or dumpsites without material or energy recovery, thus posing substantial environmental and health risks. The municipal plastic waste is the second largest waste stream (up to 23% of total municipal waste) that is comprised of plastic bottles, water cups, food plates, and shopping bags. The sustainable disposal of plastic waste is challenging task due to its clogging effects, very slow biodegradation rates, and presence of toxic additives and dyes. Pyrolysis is one of the promising waste-to-energy technology for converting municipal plastic waste into energy (liquid fuel) and value-added products like char. The produced liquid fuel has the potential to be used in several energy-related applications such as electricity generation, transportation fuel, and heating purposes. It has been estimated that the plastic waste in Makkah city in 2016 can produce around 87.91 MW of electricity. This is projected to increase up to around 172.80 MW of electricity by 2040. A global warming potential of 199.7 thousand Mt.CO2 eq. will be achieved with savings of 7.9 thousand tons emission of CH4, if pyrolysis technology is developed in Makkah city. Furthermore, a total savings of 297.52 million SAR from landfill diversion, electricity generation, and carbon credits would be possible to achieve in 2016 from pyrolysis. These economic benefits will increase every year and will reach up to 584.83 million SAR in 2040. Taylor & Francis 2016 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53704/1/Pyrolytic%20liquid%20fuel.pdf Rehan, Mohammad and Nizami, Abdul Sattar and Shahzad, Khurram and Ouda, Omar K. M. and Ismail, I. M. I. and Almeelbi, Talal and Iqbal, Tariq and Demirbas, Ayhan (2016) Pyrolytic liquid fuel: a source of renewable electricity generation in Makkah. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effect, 38 (17). pp. 2598-2603. ISSN 1556-7036; ESSN: 1556-7230 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15567036.2016.1153753?journalCode=ueso20 10.1080/15567036.2016.1153753
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
building	UPM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source	UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language	English
description	Millions of Muslims from all over the world visit the Holy Cities of Saudi Arabia: Makkah and Madinah every year to worship in form of Pilgrimage (Hajj) and Umrah. The rapid growth in local population, urbanization, and living standards in Makkah city along with continually increasing number of visitors result in huge municipal solid waste generation every year. Most of this waste is disposed to landfills or dumpsites without material or energy recovery, thus posing substantial environmental and health risks. The municipal plastic waste is the second largest waste stream (up to 23% of total municipal waste) that is comprised of plastic bottles, water cups, food plates, and shopping bags. The sustainable disposal of plastic waste is challenging task due to its clogging effects, very slow biodegradation rates, and presence of toxic additives and dyes. Pyrolysis is one of the promising waste-to-energy technology for converting municipal plastic waste into energy (liquid fuel) and value-added products like char. The produced liquid fuel has the potential to be used in several energy-related applications such as electricity generation, transportation fuel, and heating purposes. It has been estimated that the plastic waste in Makkah city in 2016 can produce around 87.91 MW of electricity. This is projected to increase up to around 172.80 MW of electricity by 2040. A global warming potential of 199.7 thousand Mt.CO2 eq. will be achieved with savings of 7.9 thousand tons emission of CH4, if pyrolysis technology is developed in Makkah city. Furthermore, a total savings of 297.52 million SAR from landfill diversion, electricity generation, and carbon credits would be possible to achieve in 2016 from pyrolysis. These economic benefits will increase every year and will reach up to 584.83 million SAR in 2040.
format	Article
author	Rehan, Mohammad Nizami, Abdul Sattar Shahzad, Khurram Ouda, Omar K. M. Ismail, I. M. I. Almeelbi, Talal Iqbal, Tariq Demirbas, Ayhan
spellingShingle	Rehan, Mohammad Nizami, Abdul Sattar Shahzad, Khurram Ouda, Omar K. M. Ismail, I. M. I. Almeelbi, Talal Iqbal, Tariq Demirbas, Ayhan Pyrolytic liquid fuel: a source of renewable electricity generation in Makkah
author_facet	Rehan, Mohammad Nizami, Abdul Sattar Shahzad, Khurram Ouda, Omar K. M. Ismail, I. M. I. Almeelbi, Talal Iqbal, Tariq Demirbas, Ayhan
author_sort	Rehan, Mohammad
title	Pyrolytic liquid fuel: a source of renewable electricity generation in Makkah
title_short	Pyrolytic liquid fuel: a source of renewable electricity generation in Makkah
title_full	Pyrolytic liquid fuel: a source of renewable electricity generation in Makkah
title_fullStr	Pyrolytic liquid fuel: a source of renewable electricity generation in Makkah
title_full_unstemmed	Pyrolytic liquid fuel: a source of renewable electricity generation in Makkah
title_sort	pyrolytic liquid fuel: a source of renewable electricity generation in makkah
publisher	Taylor & Francis
publishDate	2016
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53704/1/Pyrolytic%20liquid%20fuel.pdf http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53704/ http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15567036.2016.1153753?journalCode=ueso20
_version_	1643835465031221248
score	13.211869

Pyrolytic liquid fuel: a source of renewable electricity generation in Makkah

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