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Modeling BOD and COD removal from Palm Oil Mill Secondary Effluent in floating wetland by Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) using response surface methodology

While the oil palm industry has been recognized for its contribution towards economic growth and rapid development, it has also contributed to environmental pollution due to the production of huge quantities of by-products from the oil extraction process. A phytoremediation technique (floating Vetiv...

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Main Authors: Darajeh, Negisa, Idris, Azni, Masoumi, Hamid Reza Fard, Nourani, Abolfazl, Truong, Paul, Sairi, Nor Asrina
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier BV 2016
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53304/7/Modeling%20BOD%20and%20COD%20removal%20from%20Palm%20Oil%20Mill%20Secondary%20Effluent%20in%20floating%20wetland%20by%20Chrysopogon%20zizanioides%20%28L.%29%20using%20response%20surface%20methodology.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53304/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479716304261
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spelling my.upm.eprints.533042022-03-18T01:26:10Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53304/ Modeling BOD and COD removal from Palm Oil Mill Secondary Effluent in floating wetland by Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) using response surface methodology Darajeh, Negisa Idris, Azni Masoumi, Hamid Reza Fard Nourani, Abolfazl Truong, Paul Sairi, Nor Asrina While the oil palm industry has been recognized for its contribution towards economic growth and rapid development, it has also contributed to environmental pollution due to the production of huge quantities of by-products from the oil extraction process. A phytoremediation technique (floating Vetiver system) was used to treat Palm Oil Mill Secondary Effluent (POMSE). A batch study using 40 L treatment tanks was carried out under different conditions and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the treatment process. A three factor central composite design (CCD) was used to predict the experimental variables (POMSE concentration, Vetiver plant density and time). An extraordinary decrease in organic matter as measured by BOD and COD (96% and 94% respectively) was recorded during the experimental duration of 4 weeks using a density of 30 Vetiver plants. The best and lowest final BOD of 2 mg/L was obtained when using 15 Vetiver plants after 13 days for low concentration POMSE (initial BOD = 50 mg/L). The next best result of BOD at 32 mg/L was obtained when using 30 Vetiver plants after 24 days for medium concentration POMSE (initial BOD = 175 mg/L). These results confirmed the validity of the model, and the experimental value was determined to be quite close to the predicted value, implying that the empirical model derived from RSM experimental design can be used to adequately describe the relationship between the independent variables and response. The study showed that the Vetiver system is an effective method of treating POMSE. Elsevier BV 2016-10-01 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53304/7/Modeling%20BOD%20and%20COD%20removal%20from%20Palm%20Oil%20Mill%20Secondary%20Effluent%20in%20floating%20wetland%20by%20Chrysopogon%20zizanioides%20%28L.%29%20using%20response%20surface%20methodology.pdf Darajeh, Negisa and Idris, Azni and Masoumi, Hamid Reza Fard and Nourani, Abolfazl and Truong, Paul and Sairi, Nor Asrina (2016) Modeling BOD and COD removal from Palm Oil Mill Secondary Effluent in floating wetland by Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) using response surface methodology. Journal of Environmental Management, 181. pp. 343-352. ISSN 0301-4797; ESSN: 1095-8630 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479716304261 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.060
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description While the oil palm industry has been recognized for its contribution towards economic growth and rapid development, it has also contributed to environmental pollution due to the production of huge quantities of by-products from the oil extraction process. A phytoremediation technique (floating Vetiver system) was used to treat Palm Oil Mill Secondary Effluent (POMSE). A batch study using 40 L treatment tanks was carried out under different conditions and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the treatment process. A three factor central composite design (CCD) was used to predict the experimental variables (POMSE concentration, Vetiver plant density and time). An extraordinary decrease in organic matter as measured by BOD and COD (96% and 94% respectively) was recorded during the experimental duration of 4 weeks using a density of 30 Vetiver plants. The best and lowest final BOD of 2 mg/L was obtained when using 15 Vetiver plants after 13 days for low concentration POMSE (initial BOD = 50 mg/L). The next best result of BOD at 32 mg/L was obtained when using 30 Vetiver plants after 24 days for medium concentration POMSE (initial BOD = 175 mg/L). These results confirmed the validity of the model, and the experimental value was determined to be quite close to the predicted value, implying that the empirical model derived from RSM experimental design can be used to adequately describe the relationship between the independent variables and response. The study showed that the Vetiver system is an effective method of treating POMSE.
format Article
author Darajeh, Negisa
Idris, Azni
Masoumi, Hamid Reza Fard
Nourani, Abolfazl
Truong, Paul
Sairi, Nor Asrina
spellingShingle Darajeh, Negisa
Idris, Azni
Masoumi, Hamid Reza Fard
Nourani, Abolfazl
Truong, Paul
Sairi, Nor Asrina
Modeling BOD and COD removal from Palm Oil Mill Secondary Effluent in floating wetland by Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) using response surface methodology
author_facet Darajeh, Negisa
Idris, Azni
Masoumi, Hamid Reza Fard
Nourani, Abolfazl
Truong, Paul
Sairi, Nor Asrina
author_sort Darajeh, Negisa
title Modeling BOD and COD removal from Palm Oil Mill Secondary Effluent in floating wetland by Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) using response surface methodology
title_short Modeling BOD and COD removal from Palm Oil Mill Secondary Effluent in floating wetland by Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) using response surface methodology
title_full Modeling BOD and COD removal from Palm Oil Mill Secondary Effluent in floating wetland by Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) using response surface methodology
title_fullStr Modeling BOD and COD removal from Palm Oil Mill Secondary Effluent in floating wetland by Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) using response surface methodology
title_full_unstemmed Modeling BOD and COD removal from Palm Oil Mill Secondary Effluent in floating wetland by Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) using response surface methodology
title_sort modeling bod and cod removal from palm oil mill secondary effluent in floating wetland by chrysopogon zizanioides (l.) using response surface methodology
publisher Elsevier BV
publishDate 2016
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53304/7/Modeling%20BOD%20and%20COD%20removal%20from%20Palm%20Oil%20Mill%20Secondary%20Effluent%20in%20floating%20wetland%20by%20Chrysopogon%20zizanioides%20%28L.%29%20using%20response%20surface%20methodology.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/53304/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479716304261
_version_ 1728052809153118208
score 13.211869

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