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Rheological properties and optimal spray drying process parameters of Piper betle L. (betel) leaf extracts coated with different excipients

Piper betle L., more commonly known as betel or local name of Sirih, belongs to the family Piperaceae. Previous research has shown that the leaves of P. betle possess tremendous beneficial effects including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-diabetic,wound healing and gastro-protective properties. Th...

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Main Author: Tee, Lee Hong
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2011
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/41838/1/FK%202011%20167R.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/41838/
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institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
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continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description Piper betle L., more commonly known as betel or local name of Sirih, belongs to the family Piperaceae. Previous research has shown that the leaves of P. betle possess tremendous beneficial effects including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-diabetic,wound healing and gastro-protective properties. The presence of these beneficial properties indicates that leaf extract of betel has great potential for development into a wide range of health food supplements. However, there is a lack of research on the processing aspects to produce its bioactive component. This research studied two main aspects including the rheological properties of betel leaves extract and optimization of spray drying process coated with three excipients which were xanthan gum, maltodextrin and lactose. The main purpose for studying the rheological properties of betel leaves is to prepare data that would be useful in designing processing equipment for betel leaves extract products. Spray drying was chosen for easy handling and the preservation of bioactive compounds. The process parameters of spray drying were inlet hot air temperature, feed flow rate or pump flow rate and aspirator rate. The properties of dried powder produced were investigated in terms of particle size distribution, moisture content and bioactive component; hydroxychavicol (HC) content, hygroscopicity and powder yield. The experimental run and optimization work were designed using Box-Behnken method of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Proximate analysis on Piper betle L. freeze-dried extract was successfully conducted. The compositions consist of 16.45% moisture, 28.18% ash, 9.36% protein, 0.11% crude fiber, 0.16% crude fat and 45.74% carbohydrate. Rheology behavior of 10 °Brix and 12 °Brix concentration of betel leaves extract at temperature 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 °C was successfully investigated. Bingham Plastic Model and Casson model illustrated that betel leaves extract showed a plastic behavior. Power Law model was suitable to represent the rheology model of betel leaves extract. The optimum operation conditions for the highest hydroxychavicol content with the lowest moisture content and the smallest particle size for xantham gum-coated powder were obtained at inlet drying temperature of 160 ˚C, the pump flow rate of 3 rpm, and airflow rate of 86%. The optimum responses of the process were: moisture content of 10.14%, particle size distribution of 7.37 μm, powder yield of 6.72 g,powder hygroscopicity of 26.76 g/100g dry powder and HC content of 383.19 ppm. For maltodextrin-coated spray drying process, the optimum processing parameters were as follow: the inlet drying temperature of 159.53˚C, the pump flow rate of 6.13 rpm, and airflow rate of 98.33%. The optimum responses of the process were:moisture content of 6.99%, particle size distribution of 5.48 μm, powder yield of 10.53 g, powder hygroscopicity of 28.88 g/100g dry powder and HC content of 229.33 ppm. While for lactose-coated spray drying process, the optimum processing parameters were as follow: the inlet drying temperature of 160 ˚C, the pump flow rate of 5.33 rpm, and airflow rate of 100%. The optimum responses of the process were: moisture content of 6.96%, particle size distribution of 6.58 μm, powder yield of 16.54 g, powder hygroscopicity of 16.58 g/100g dry powder and HC content of 80.23 ppm. Xantham gum was found out to be the most suitable carrier for the spray drying process of betel leaves extract as it contained the highest amount of HC content and showed better morphological properties which are more spherical in shape, more consistent in size and less shrinkage present on the surface of the particle.
format Thesis
author Tee, Lee Hong
spellingShingle Tee, Lee Hong
Rheological properties and optimal spray drying process parameters of Piper betle L. (betel) leaf extracts coated with different excipients
author_facet Tee, Lee Hong
author_sort Tee, Lee Hong
title Rheological properties and optimal spray drying process parameters of Piper betle L. (betel) leaf extracts coated with different excipients
title_short Rheological properties and optimal spray drying process parameters of Piper betle L. (betel) leaf extracts coated with different excipients
title_full Rheological properties and optimal spray drying process parameters of Piper betle L. (betel) leaf extracts coated with different excipients
title_fullStr Rheological properties and optimal spray drying process parameters of Piper betle L. (betel) leaf extracts coated with different excipients
title_full_unstemmed Rheological properties and optimal spray drying process parameters of Piper betle L. (betel) leaf extracts coated with different excipients
title_sort rheological properties and optimal spray drying process parameters of piper betle l. (betel) leaf extracts coated with different excipients
publishDate 2011
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/41838/1/FK%202011%20167R.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/41838/
_version_ 1643833114387021824
spelling my.upm.eprints.418382016-03-03T05:10:53Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/41838/ Rheological properties and optimal spray drying process parameters of Piper betle L. (betel) leaf extracts coated with different excipients Tee, Lee Hong Piper betle L., more commonly known as betel or local name of Sirih, belongs to the family Piperaceae. Previous research has shown that the leaves of P. betle possess tremendous beneficial effects including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-diabetic,wound healing and gastro-protective properties. The presence of these beneficial properties indicates that leaf extract of betel has great potential for development into a wide range of health food supplements. However, there is a lack of research on the processing aspects to produce its bioactive component. This research studied two main aspects including the rheological properties of betel leaves extract and optimization of spray drying process coated with three excipients which were xanthan gum, maltodextrin and lactose. The main purpose for studying the rheological properties of betel leaves is to prepare data that would be useful in designing processing equipment for betel leaves extract products. Spray drying was chosen for easy handling and the preservation of bioactive compounds. The process parameters of spray drying were inlet hot air temperature, feed flow rate or pump flow rate and aspirator rate. The properties of dried powder produced were investigated in terms of particle size distribution, moisture content and bioactive component; hydroxychavicol (HC) content, hygroscopicity and powder yield. The experimental run and optimization work were designed using Box-Behnken method of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Proximate analysis on Piper betle L. freeze-dried extract was successfully conducted. The compositions consist of 16.45% moisture, 28.18% ash, 9.36% protein, 0.11% crude fiber, 0.16% crude fat and 45.74% carbohydrate. Rheology behavior of 10 °Brix and 12 °Brix concentration of betel leaves extract at temperature 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 °C was successfully investigated. Bingham Plastic Model and Casson model illustrated that betel leaves extract showed a plastic behavior. Power Law model was suitable to represent the rheology model of betel leaves extract. The optimum operation conditions for the highest hydroxychavicol content with the lowest moisture content and the smallest particle size for xantham gum-coated powder were obtained at inlet drying temperature of 160 ˚C, the pump flow rate of 3 rpm, and airflow rate of 86%. The optimum responses of the process were: moisture content of 10.14%, particle size distribution of 7.37 μm, powder yield of 6.72 g,powder hygroscopicity of 26.76 g/100g dry powder and HC content of 383.19 ppm. For maltodextrin-coated spray drying process, the optimum processing parameters were as follow: the inlet drying temperature of 159.53˚C, the pump flow rate of 6.13 rpm, and airflow rate of 98.33%. The optimum responses of the process were:moisture content of 6.99%, particle size distribution of 5.48 μm, powder yield of 10.53 g, powder hygroscopicity of 28.88 g/100g dry powder and HC content of 229.33 ppm. While for lactose-coated spray drying process, the optimum processing parameters were as follow: the inlet drying temperature of 160 ˚C, the pump flow rate of 5.33 rpm, and airflow rate of 100%. The optimum responses of the process were: moisture content of 6.96%, particle size distribution of 6.58 μm, powder yield of 16.54 g, powder hygroscopicity of 16.58 g/100g dry powder and HC content of 80.23 ppm. Xantham gum was found out to be the most suitable carrier for the spray drying process of betel leaves extract as it contained the highest amount of HC content and showed better morphological properties which are more spherical in shape, more consistent in size and less shrinkage present on the surface of the particle. 2011-11 Thesis NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/41838/1/FK%202011%20167R.pdf Tee, Lee Hong (2011) Rheological properties and optimal spray drying process parameters of Piper betle L. (betel) leaf extracts coated with different excipients. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.
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