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Smoking behavior among adolescents in rural schools in Malacca, Malaysia - a case-control study

Smoking among rural adolescents in Malaysia is on the rise with a significant difference seen between urban and rural youths. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine a predictive model of smoking among the rural-school adolescents population in Malacca, Malaysia. An unmatched case-control...

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Main Authors: Mohd Zulkefli, Nor Afiah, Mohd Amin, Rahmah, Md Said, Salmiah, Munn, Sann Lye, Shah, Shamsul Azhar, Idris, Fazilah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universiti Putra Malaysia Press 2015
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/40628/1/Smoking%20behavior%20among%20adolescents%20in%20rural%20schools%20in%20Malacca%2C%20Malaysia%20-%20A%20case-control%20study.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/40628/
http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/Pertanika%20PAPERS/JST%20Vol.%2023%20%281%29%20Jan.%202015/%282%29%20JST-0449-2012.pdf
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spelling my.upm.eprints.406282015-11-27T01:39:58Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/40628/ Smoking behavior among adolescents in rural schools in Malacca, Malaysia - a case-control study Mohd Zulkefli, Nor Afiah Mohd Amin, Rahmah Md Said, Salmiah Munn, Sann Lye Shah, Shamsul Azhar Idris, Fazilah Smoking among rural adolescents in Malaysia is on the rise with a significant difference seen between urban and rural youths. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine a predictive model of smoking among the rural-school adolescents population in Malacca, Malaysia. An unmatched case-control study was conducted in 2010 involving 484 cases and 444 controls of Form Two students in Malacca, Malaysia, using cluster sampling. Smoking was the dependent factor of this study while the independent factors were individual, family, school and environment. Data were obtained through a self-administered questionnaire. The response rate of the study was 100% whereas the smoking prevalence was 20.9%. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the smoking predictive model. Strong predictors of smoking behavior were: influenced by artistes who smoke (Adjusted OR=8.67, 95% CI 5.53-13.58); the male gender (Adjusted OR=6.7, 95% CI 4.14-10.83); Muslim (Adjusted OR=4.46, 95% CI 2.36-8.44); and the belief that smoking is not dangerous when the teacher is seen smoking as well (Adjusted OR=3.95, 95% CI 2.19-7.10). Other predictors were: being offered cigarettes by friends (Adjusted OR=2.81, 95% CI 1.79-4.42); the belief that smoking will relax the mind (Adjusted OR=2.45, 95% CI 1.33-4.51); having friends who smoke (Adjusted OR=2.32, 95% CI 1.29-4.81); forced by friends to smoke (Adjusted OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.15-4.12); have heard of the national No-Smoking Campaign (Adjusted OR=1.89, 95% CI 1.06-3.37); have problems with the school management (Adjusted OR=1.75, 95% CI 1.07- 2.88); parental consent to watch sexual activities, drug use or violence on television or at the cinema (Adjusted OR=1.73, 95% CI 1.06-2.83); and have lunch in school (Adjusted OR=1.58, 95% CI 1.04- 2.41). This paper ends with the recognition of the need for intervention in dismantling the predictors that can lead to the development of smoking among Malaysian adolescents in rural schools. Universiti Putra Malaysia Press 2015 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/40628/1/Smoking%20behavior%20among%20adolescents%20in%20rural%20schools%20in%20Malacca%2C%20Malaysia%20-%20A%20case-control%20study.pdf Mohd Zulkefli, Nor Afiah and Mohd Amin, Rahmah and Md Said, Salmiah and Munn, Sann Lye and Shah, Shamsul Azhar and Idris, Fazilah (2015) Smoking behavior among adolescents in rural schools in Malacca, Malaysia - a case-control study. Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 23 (1). pp. 13-28. ISSN 0128-7680; ESSN: 2231-8526 http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/Pertanika%20PAPERS/JST%20Vol.%2023%20%281%29%20Jan.%202015/%282%29%20JST-0449-2012.pdf
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description Smoking among rural adolescents in Malaysia is on the rise with a significant difference seen between urban and rural youths. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine a predictive model of smoking among the rural-school adolescents population in Malacca, Malaysia. An unmatched case-control study was conducted in 2010 involving 484 cases and 444 controls of Form Two students in Malacca, Malaysia, using cluster sampling. Smoking was the dependent factor of this study while the independent factors were individual, family, school and environment. Data were obtained through a self-administered questionnaire. The response rate of the study was 100% whereas the smoking prevalence was 20.9%. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the smoking predictive model. Strong predictors of smoking behavior were: influenced by artistes who smoke (Adjusted OR=8.67, 95% CI 5.53-13.58); the male gender (Adjusted OR=6.7, 95% CI 4.14-10.83); Muslim (Adjusted OR=4.46, 95% CI 2.36-8.44); and the belief that smoking is not dangerous when the teacher is seen smoking as well (Adjusted OR=3.95, 95% CI 2.19-7.10). Other predictors were: being offered cigarettes by friends (Adjusted OR=2.81, 95% CI 1.79-4.42); the belief that smoking will relax the mind (Adjusted OR=2.45, 95% CI 1.33-4.51); having friends who smoke (Adjusted OR=2.32, 95% CI 1.29-4.81); forced by friends to smoke (Adjusted OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.15-4.12); have heard of the national No-Smoking Campaign (Adjusted OR=1.89, 95% CI 1.06-3.37); have problems with the school management (Adjusted OR=1.75, 95% CI 1.07- 2.88); parental consent to watch sexual activities, drug use or violence on television or at the cinema (Adjusted OR=1.73, 95% CI 1.06-2.83); and have lunch in school (Adjusted OR=1.58, 95% CI 1.04- 2.41). This paper ends with the recognition of the need for intervention in dismantling the predictors that can lead to the development of smoking among Malaysian adolescents in rural schools.
format Article
author Mohd Zulkefli, Nor Afiah
Mohd Amin, Rahmah
Md Said, Salmiah
Munn, Sann Lye
Shah, Shamsul Azhar
Idris, Fazilah
spellingShingle Mohd Zulkefli, Nor Afiah
Mohd Amin, Rahmah
Md Said, Salmiah
Munn, Sann Lye
Shah, Shamsul Azhar
Idris, Fazilah
Smoking behavior among adolescents in rural schools in Malacca, Malaysia - a case-control study
author_facet Mohd Zulkefli, Nor Afiah
Mohd Amin, Rahmah
Md Said, Salmiah
Munn, Sann Lye
Shah, Shamsul Azhar
Idris, Fazilah
author_sort Mohd Zulkefli, Nor Afiah
title Smoking behavior among adolescents in rural schools in Malacca, Malaysia - a case-control study
title_short Smoking behavior among adolescents in rural schools in Malacca, Malaysia - a case-control study
title_full Smoking behavior among adolescents in rural schools in Malacca, Malaysia - a case-control study
title_fullStr Smoking behavior among adolescents in rural schools in Malacca, Malaysia - a case-control study
title_full_unstemmed Smoking behavior among adolescents in rural schools in Malacca, Malaysia - a case-control study
title_sort smoking behavior among adolescents in rural schools in malacca, malaysia - a case-control study
publisher Universiti Putra Malaysia Press
publishDate 2015
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/40628/1/Smoking%20behavior%20among%20adolescents%20in%20rural%20schools%20in%20Malacca%2C%20Malaysia%20-%20A%20case-control%20study.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/40628/
http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/Pertanika%20PAPERS/JST%20Vol.%2023%20%281%29%20Jan.%202015/%282%29%20JST-0449-2012.pdf
_version_ 1643832771204874240
score 13.211869

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