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Novel anticancer activity and anticancer mechanisms of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra.

Aim of the study: The anticancer activity of red cabbage (RC) and the underlying mechanisms against human cervical and hepatocarcinoma cancer cells were explored in this study. Materials and methods: The cytotoxic activity of RC extract was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxyme...

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Main Authors: Hafidh, Rand Riadh, Abdulamir, Ahmed Sahib, Abu Bakar, Fatimah, Jalilian, Farid Azizi, Jahanshiri, Fatemeh, Abas, Faridah, Sekawi, Zamberi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2013
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/30494/1/Novel%20anticancer%20activity%20and%20anticancer%20mechanisms%20of%20Brassica%20oleracea%20L.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/30494/
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spelling my.upm.eprints.304942015-09-11T02:25:43Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/30494/ Novel anticancer activity and anticancer mechanisms of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra. Hafidh, Rand Riadh Abdulamir, Ahmed Sahib Abu Bakar, Fatimah Jalilian, Farid Azizi Jahanshiri, Fatemeh Abas, Faridah Sekawi, Zamberi Aim of the study: The anticancer activity of red cabbage (RC) and the underlying mechanisms against human cervical and hepatocarcinoma cancer cells were explored in this study. Materials and methods: The cytotoxic activity of RC extract was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) cytotoxicity assay. ELISA was used to detect the level of anticancer cytokines, TNFα and IFNβ, in the culture supernatants of cancer cells. Apoptotic cells were investigated by flow cytometry. The levels of apoptotic genes (Bax, BCL-2, Capsases 7–9), cell cycle regulatory genes (cyclin D, E, and A) and tumor suppressor proteins (p27, p21, and p53) were assessed by real time RT-PCR. Results: The cytotoxic effect of the extract on normal human cells was significantly different from its effects on HeLa and HepG2 cells, 251.28 ± 4.3, 23.38 ± 1.87, and 28.66 ± 2.85 mg/ml, respectively. The selectivity index (SI) was 10.88 ± 0.82 for HeLa and 8.93 ± 0.81 for HepG2 cells. Increased levels of TNFα, but not IFNβ were observed in the treated HeLa and HepG2 culture supernatants when compared with untreated cells. RC extract induced G0/G1 phase arrest in the cancer cells. The extract induced apoptosis, in a dose and time dependent manner, in treated HeLa and HepG2 cells while no observed apoptosis was found in untreated cells. Moreover, RC IC50 showed remarkable influence on the expression of the apoptosis-related genes in a positive and negative manner on both HeLa and HepG2 cells. Discussion/conclusion: RC extract could be considered as a novel anticancer agent providing new prospects for anticancer therapy using a natural product. Elsevier 2013 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/30494/1/Novel%20anticancer%20activity%20and%20anticancer%20mechanisms%20of%20Brassica%20oleracea%20L.pdf Hafidh, Rand Riadh and Abdulamir, Ahmed Sahib and Abu Bakar, Fatimah and Jalilian, Farid Azizi and Jahanshiri, Fatemeh and Abas, Faridah and Sekawi, Zamberi (2013) Novel anticancer activity and anticancer mechanisms of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra. European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 5 (5). pp. 450-464. ISSN 1876-3820; ESSN: 1876-3839 10.1016/j.eujim.2013.06.004
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description Aim of the study: The anticancer activity of red cabbage (RC) and the underlying mechanisms against human cervical and hepatocarcinoma cancer cells were explored in this study. Materials and methods: The cytotoxic activity of RC extract was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) cytotoxicity assay. ELISA was used to detect the level of anticancer cytokines, TNFα and IFNβ, in the culture supernatants of cancer cells. Apoptotic cells were investigated by flow cytometry. The levels of apoptotic genes (Bax, BCL-2, Capsases 7–9), cell cycle regulatory genes (cyclin D, E, and A) and tumor suppressor proteins (p27, p21, and p53) were assessed by real time RT-PCR. Results: The cytotoxic effect of the extract on normal human cells was significantly different from its effects on HeLa and HepG2 cells, 251.28 ± 4.3, 23.38 ± 1.87, and 28.66 ± 2.85 mg/ml, respectively. The selectivity index (SI) was 10.88 ± 0.82 for HeLa and 8.93 ± 0.81 for HepG2 cells. Increased levels of TNFα, but not IFNβ were observed in the treated HeLa and HepG2 culture supernatants when compared with untreated cells. RC extract induced G0/G1 phase arrest in the cancer cells. The extract induced apoptosis, in a dose and time dependent manner, in treated HeLa and HepG2 cells while no observed apoptosis was found in untreated cells. Moreover, RC IC50 showed remarkable influence on the expression of the apoptosis-related genes in a positive and negative manner on both HeLa and HepG2 cells. Discussion/conclusion: RC extract could be considered as a novel anticancer agent providing new prospects for anticancer therapy using a natural product.
format Article
author Hafidh, Rand Riadh
Abdulamir, Ahmed Sahib
Abu Bakar, Fatimah
Jalilian, Farid Azizi
Jahanshiri, Fatemeh
Abas, Faridah
Sekawi, Zamberi
spellingShingle Hafidh, Rand Riadh
Abdulamir, Ahmed Sahib
Abu Bakar, Fatimah
Jalilian, Farid Azizi
Jahanshiri, Fatemeh
Abas, Faridah
Sekawi, Zamberi
Novel anticancer activity and anticancer mechanisms of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra.
author_facet Hafidh, Rand Riadh
Abdulamir, Ahmed Sahib
Abu Bakar, Fatimah
Jalilian, Farid Azizi
Jahanshiri, Fatemeh
Abas, Faridah
Sekawi, Zamberi
author_sort Hafidh, Rand Riadh
title Novel anticancer activity and anticancer mechanisms of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra.
title_short Novel anticancer activity and anticancer mechanisms of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra.
title_full Novel anticancer activity and anticancer mechanisms of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra.
title_fullStr Novel anticancer activity and anticancer mechanisms of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra.
title_full_unstemmed Novel anticancer activity and anticancer mechanisms of Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra.
title_sort novel anticancer activity and anticancer mechanisms of brassica oleracea l. var. capitata f. rubra.
publisher Elsevier
publishDate 2013
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/30494/1/Novel%20anticancer%20activity%20and%20anticancer%20mechanisms%20of%20Brassica%20oleracea%20L.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/30494/
_version_ 1643830075662008320
score 13.211869

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