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Optimization of processing parameters for the preparation of phytosterol microemulsions by the solvent displacement method

The purpose of this study was to optimize the parameters involved in the production of water-soluble phytosterol microemulsions for use in the food industry. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to model and optimize four of the processing parameters, namely, the number of...

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Main Authors: Leong, Wai Fun, Yaakob, Che Man, Lai, Oi Ming, Long, Kamariah, Misran, Misni, Tan, Chin Ping
Format: Article
Language:English
English
Published: American Chemical Society 2009
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15981/1/Optimization%20of%20processing%20parameters%20for%20the%20preparation%20of%20phytosterol%20microemulsions%20by%20the%20solvent%20displacement%20method.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15981/
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spelling my.upm.eprints.159812015-10-05T07:11:56Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15981/ Optimization of processing parameters for the preparation of phytosterol microemulsions by the solvent displacement method Leong, Wai Fun Yaakob, Che Man Lai, Oi Ming Long, Kamariah Misran, Misni Tan, Chin Ping The purpose of this study was to optimize the parameters involved in the production of water-soluble phytosterol microemulsions for use in the food industry. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to model and optimize four of the processing parameters, namely, the number of cycles of high-pressure homogenization (1−9 cycles), the pressure used for high-pressure homogenization (100−500 bar), the evaporation temperature (30−70 °C), and the concentration ratio of microemulsions (1−5). All responses—particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), and percent ethanol residual (%ER)—were well fit by a reduced cubic model obtained by multiple regression after manual elimination. The coefficient of determination (R2) and absolute average deviation (AAD) value for PS, PDI, and %ER were 0.9628 and 0.5398%, 0.9953 and 0.7077%, and 0.9989 and 1.0457%, respectively. The optimized processing parameters were 4.88 (approximately 5) homogenization cycles, homogenization pressure of 400 bar, evaporation temperature of 44.5 °C, and concentration ratio of microemulsions of 2.34 cycles (approximately 2 cycles) of high-pressure homogenization. The corresponding responses for the optimized preparation condition were a minimal particle size of 328 nm, minimal polydispersity index of 0.159, and <0.1% of ethanol residual. The chi-square test verified the model, whereby the experimental values of PS, PDI, and %ER agreed with the predicted values at a 0.05 level of significance. American Chemical Society 2009 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15981/1/Optimization%20of%20processing%20parameters%20for%20the%20preparation%20of%20phytosterol%20microemulsions%20by%20the%20solvent%20displacement%20method.pdf Leong, Wai Fun and Yaakob, Che Man and Lai, Oi Ming and Long, Kamariah and Misran, Misni and Tan, Chin Ping (2009) Optimization of processing parameters for the preparation of phytosterol microemulsions by the solvent displacement method. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57 (18). pp. 8426-8433. ISSN 0021-8561 10.1021/jf901853y English
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
English
description The purpose of this study was to optimize the parameters involved in the production of water-soluble phytosterol microemulsions for use in the food industry. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to model and optimize four of the processing parameters, namely, the number of cycles of high-pressure homogenization (1−9 cycles), the pressure used for high-pressure homogenization (100−500 bar), the evaporation temperature (30−70 °C), and the concentration ratio of microemulsions (1−5). All responses—particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), and percent ethanol residual (%ER)—were well fit by a reduced cubic model obtained by multiple regression after manual elimination. The coefficient of determination (R2) and absolute average deviation (AAD) value for PS, PDI, and %ER were 0.9628 and 0.5398%, 0.9953 and 0.7077%, and 0.9989 and 1.0457%, respectively. The optimized processing parameters were 4.88 (approximately 5) homogenization cycles, homogenization pressure of 400 bar, evaporation temperature of 44.5 °C, and concentration ratio of microemulsions of 2.34 cycles (approximately 2 cycles) of high-pressure homogenization. The corresponding responses for the optimized preparation condition were a minimal particle size of 328 nm, minimal polydispersity index of 0.159, and <0.1% of ethanol residual. The chi-square test verified the model, whereby the experimental values of PS, PDI, and %ER agreed with the predicted values at a 0.05 level of significance.
format Article
author Leong, Wai Fun
Yaakob, Che Man
Lai, Oi Ming
Long, Kamariah
Misran, Misni
Tan, Chin Ping
spellingShingle Leong, Wai Fun
Yaakob, Che Man
Lai, Oi Ming
Long, Kamariah
Misran, Misni
Tan, Chin Ping
Optimization of processing parameters for the preparation of phytosterol microemulsions by the solvent displacement method
author_facet Leong, Wai Fun
Yaakob, Che Man
Lai, Oi Ming
Long, Kamariah
Misran, Misni
Tan, Chin Ping
author_sort Leong, Wai Fun
title Optimization of processing parameters for the preparation of phytosterol microemulsions by the solvent displacement method
title_short Optimization of processing parameters for the preparation of phytosterol microemulsions by the solvent displacement method
title_full Optimization of processing parameters for the preparation of phytosterol microemulsions by the solvent displacement method
title_fullStr Optimization of processing parameters for the preparation of phytosterol microemulsions by the solvent displacement method
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of processing parameters for the preparation of phytosterol microemulsions by the solvent displacement method
title_sort optimization of processing parameters for the preparation of phytosterol microemulsions by the solvent displacement method
publisher American Chemical Society
publishDate 2009
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15981/1/Optimization%20of%20processing%20parameters%20for%20the%20preparation%20of%20phytosterol%20microemulsions%20by%20the%20solvent%20displacement%20method.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15981/
_version_ 1643826085087936512
score 13.211869

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