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Chemical Pretreatment Of Rubber Wood For Enzymatic Saccharification In Bioethanol Production

The potentials of rubber wood to serve as raw material for bioethanol production was studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of sulphuric acid, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide and combinatorial nitric acid and sodium hydroxide pretreatments for conversion of rubber...

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Main Author: Alhassan, Alhassan Muhammad
Format: Thesis
Language:English
English
Published: 2010
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/11984/1/FS_2010_1_A.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/11984/
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spelling my.upm.eprints.119842013-05-27T07:50:35Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/11984/ Chemical Pretreatment Of Rubber Wood For Enzymatic Saccharification In Bioethanol Production Alhassan, Alhassan Muhammad The potentials of rubber wood to serve as raw material for bioethanol production was studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of sulphuric acid, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide and combinatorial nitric acid and sodium hydroxide pretreatments for conversion of rubber wood to ethanol. Sulfuric acid, nitric acid and sodium hydroxide, at concentrations of 1, 2 and 3% (w/v) were used to treat rubber wood sawdust samples at liquor to wood ratio of 1:6. Treatment temperatures of 80ºC and 100ºC were investigated for residence times of 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The combinatorial nitric acid and sodium hydroxide pretreatment was performed using nitric acid first followed by sodium hydroxide. Rubber wood sawdust was treated with dilute nitric acid (4,5 and 6%w/v) at temperatures of 90 or 100ºC for 30, 45 and 60 minutes followed by dilute sodium hydroxide (0.5, 0.75 and 1%), at 90ºC for 30 min. Lignin and carbohydrate, analyses were performed on the pretreated woods. The cellulose in the pretreated woods were then hydrolyzed using cellulases from Trichoderma reesei and β-glucosidase at 50ºC for 72 hrs and the released sugars were converted to ethanol by fermentation using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae D5A strain). The results showed that time, temperature and concentration were all significant (p≤0.05) factors in lignin and hemicellulose reduction. Sulfuric acid pretreatment resulted in small lignin and hemicellulose reduction of 10.9% and 29.4% respectively, and glucose yield of 22.5% during enzymatic hydrolysis. Sodium hydroxide pretreatment resulted in higher, lignin and hemicellulose reduction of 51.0% and 30.1% respectively, and a glucose yield of 38.0%. Nitric acid pretreatment resulted in lignin and hemicellulose reduction of 30.6% and 64.9% respectively, and a glucose yield of 46.1%. Combinatorial nitric acid and sodium hydroxide pretreatment removes almost all the lignin and hemicellulose which resulted in isolated cellulose (95.8%) and a maximum glucose yield of 99.5%. The ethanol yield obtained after fermentation was 89.5% which is equivalent to 182.16g of ethanol per kg of rubber wood. The results obtained demonstrate that combinatorial nitric acid and sodium hydroxide pretreatment is an effective method for improving the enzymatic hydrolysis of rubber wood at moderate reaction condition and it is better than, sulphuric acid, sodium hydroxide or nitric acid pretreatment. The results also demonstrate that rubber wood is a potential raw material for bioethanol production. 2010-01 Thesis NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/11984/1/FS_2010_1_A.pdf Alhassan, Alhassan Muhammad (2010) Chemical Pretreatment Of Rubber Wood For Enzymatic Saccharification In Bioethanol Production. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia. English
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
English
description The potentials of rubber wood to serve as raw material for bioethanol production was studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of sulphuric acid, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide and combinatorial nitric acid and sodium hydroxide pretreatments for conversion of rubber wood to ethanol. Sulfuric acid, nitric acid and sodium hydroxide, at concentrations of 1, 2 and 3% (w/v) were used to treat rubber wood sawdust samples at liquor to wood ratio of 1:6. Treatment temperatures of 80ºC and 100ºC were investigated for residence times of 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The combinatorial nitric acid and sodium hydroxide pretreatment was performed using nitric acid first followed by sodium hydroxide. Rubber wood sawdust was treated with dilute nitric acid (4,5 and 6%w/v) at temperatures of 90 or 100ºC for 30, 45 and 60 minutes followed by dilute sodium hydroxide (0.5, 0.75 and 1%), at 90ºC for 30 min. Lignin and carbohydrate, analyses were performed on the pretreated woods. The cellulose in the pretreated woods were then hydrolyzed using cellulases from Trichoderma reesei and β-glucosidase at 50ºC for 72 hrs and the released sugars were converted to ethanol by fermentation using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae D5A strain). The results showed that time, temperature and concentration were all significant (p≤0.05) factors in lignin and hemicellulose reduction. Sulfuric acid pretreatment resulted in small lignin and hemicellulose reduction of 10.9% and 29.4% respectively, and glucose yield of 22.5% during enzymatic hydrolysis. Sodium hydroxide pretreatment resulted in higher, lignin and hemicellulose reduction of 51.0% and 30.1% respectively, and a glucose yield of 38.0%. Nitric acid pretreatment resulted in lignin and hemicellulose reduction of 30.6% and 64.9% respectively, and a glucose yield of 46.1%. Combinatorial nitric acid and sodium hydroxide pretreatment removes almost all the lignin and hemicellulose which resulted in isolated cellulose (95.8%) and a maximum glucose yield of 99.5%. The ethanol yield obtained after fermentation was 89.5% which is equivalent to 182.16g of ethanol per kg of rubber wood. The results obtained demonstrate that combinatorial nitric acid and sodium hydroxide pretreatment is an effective method for improving the enzymatic hydrolysis of rubber wood at moderate reaction condition and it is better than, sulphuric acid, sodium hydroxide or nitric acid pretreatment. The results also demonstrate that rubber wood is a potential raw material for bioethanol production.
format Thesis
author Alhassan, Alhassan Muhammad
spellingShingle Alhassan, Alhassan Muhammad
Chemical Pretreatment Of Rubber Wood For Enzymatic Saccharification In Bioethanol Production
author_facet Alhassan, Alhassan Muhammad
author_sort Alhassan, Alhassan Muhammad
title Chemical Pretreatment Of Rubber Wood For Enzymatic Saccharification In Bioethanol Production
title_short Chemical Pretreatment Of Rubber Wood For Enzymatic Saccharification In Bioethanol Production
title_full Chemical Pretreatment Of Rubber Wood For Enzymatic Saccharification In Bioethanol Production
title_fullStr Chemical Pretreatment Of Rubber Wood For Enzymatic Saccharification In Bioethanol Production
title_full_unstemmed Chemical Pretreatment Of Rubber Wood For Enzymatic Saccharification In Bioethanol Production
title_sort chemical pretreatment of rubber wood for enzymatic saccharification in bioethanol production
publishDate 2010
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/11984/1/FS_2010_1_A.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/11984/
_version_ 1643824912533553152
score 13.211869

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