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Biomonitoring–health risk nexus of potentially toxic metals on Cerithidea obtusa: a biomonitoring study from Peninsular Malaysia

The present study aimed to assess the human health risks of six potentially toxic metals (PTMs) (Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn) in 21 populations of popular mangrove snails, Cerithidea obtusa, collected from Malaysia. In general, the concentrations (mg/kg wet weight) of Cd (0.03–2.32), Cu (11.4–35.2), F...

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Main Authors: Yap, Chee Kong, Al-Mutairi, Khalid Awadh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) 2023
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116277/1/116277.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116277/
https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/8/1575
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1162772025-03-24T06:41:14Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116277/ Biomonitoring–health risk nexus of potentially toxic metals on Cerithidea obtusa: a biomonitoring study from Peninsular Malaysia Yap, Chee Kong Al-Mutairi, Khalid Awadh The present study aimed to assess the human health risks of six potentially toxic metals (PTMs) (Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn) in 21 populations of popular mangrove snails, Cerithidea obtusa, collected from Malaysia. In general, the concentrations (mg/kg wet weight) of Cd (0.03–2.32), Cu (11.4–35.2), Fe (40.9–759), Ni (0.40–6.14), Pb (0.90–13.4) and Zn (3.11–129) found in the snails in all populations were lower than the prescribed maximum permissible limits (MPL)s for Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. However, in the investigated snail populations, Cd (14%), Pb (62%), Cu (19%), and Zn (10%) were found in exceedance of the MPL of the respective metal. The target hazard quotient (THQ) values in all populations for Cu, Ni, Fe and Zn were all found to be below 1.00. However, for the THQ values of Cd and Pb, two populations exceeded 1.00, while others were below the threshold level. The estimated weekly intake (EWI) of all six metals for all populations was only 0.03–4.65% of the provisional tolerable weekly intake. This conclusively indicates that, based on the EWI, there are no health risks of the six PTMs in the consumption of snails from Malaysia since the assessments are dependent on the consumers’ body weight and consumption rate. Nonetheless, the present results indicate that the amounts of snails consumed should be limited to minimize the potential health risks of PTMs to consumers. The relatively low and weak but positive correlations of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn between C. obtusa and their habitat sediments indicate that C. obtusa can be a potential biomonitor for Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. This is important for effective mangrove management from the perspective of the sustainable resources from the intertidal mangrove environment. Hence, the biomonitoring–health risk nexus of PTMs in mangrove snails is proposed in the present study. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) 2023-04-07 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116277/1/116277.pdf Yap, Chee Kong and Al-Mutairi, Khalid Awadh (2023) Biomonitoring–health risk nexus of potentially toxic metals on Cerithidea obtusa: a biomonitoring study from Peninsular Malaysia. Foods, 12 (8). art. no. 1575. pp. 1-23. ISSN 2304-8158 https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/8/1575 10.3390/foods12081575
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description The present study aimed to assess the human health risks of six potentially toxic metals (PTMs) (Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn) in 21 populations of popular mangrove snails, Cerithidea obtusa, collected from Malaysia. In general, the concentrations (mg/kg wet weight) of Cd (0.03–2.32), Cu (11.4–35.2), Fe (40.9–759), Ni (0.40–6.14), Pb (0.90–13.4) and Zn (3.11–129) found in the snails in all populations were lower than the prescribed maximum permissible limits (MPL)s for Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. However, in the investigated snail populations, Cd (14%), Pb (62%), Cu (19%), and Zn (10%) were found in exceedance of the MPL of the respective metal. The target hazard quotient (THQ) values in all populations for Cu, Ni, Fe and Zn were all found to be below 1.00. However, for the THQ values of Cd and Pb, two populations exceeded 1.00, while others were below the threshold level. The estimated weekly intake (EWI) of all six metals for all populations was only 0.03–4.65% of the provisional tolerable weekly intake. This conclusively indicates that, based on the EWI, there are no health risks of the six PTMs in the consumption of snails from Malaysia since the assessments are dependent on the consumers’ body weight and consumption rate. Nonetheless, the present results indicate that the amounts of snails consumed should be limited to minimize the potential health risks of PTMs to consumers. The relatively low and weak but positive correlations of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn between C. obtusa and their habitat sediments indicate that C. obtusa can be a potential biomonitor for Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. This is important for effective mangrove management from the perspective of the sustainable resources from the intertidal mangrove environment. Hence, the biomonitoring–health risk nexus of PTMs in mangrove snails is proposed in the present study.
format Article
author Yap, Chee Kong
Al-Mutairi, Khalid Awadh
spellingShingle Yap, Chee Kong
Al-Mutairi, Khalid Awadh
Biomonitoring–health risk nexus of potentially toxic metals on Cerithidea obtusa: a biomonitoring study from Peninsular Malaysia
author_facet Yap, Chee Kong
Al-Mutairi, Khalid Awadh
author_sort Yap, Chee Kong
title Biomonitoring–health risk nexus of potentially toxic metals on Cerithidea obtusa: a biomonitoring study from Peninsular Malaysia
title_short Biomonitoring–health risk nexus of potentially toxic metals on Cerithidea obtusa: a biomonitoring study from Peninsular Malaysia
title_full Biomonitoring–health risk nexus of potentially toxic metals on Cerithidea obtusa: a biomonitoring study from Peninsular Malaysia
title_fullStr Biomonitoring–health risk nexus of potentially toxic metals on Cerithidea obtusa: a biomonitoring study from Peninsular Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Biomonitoring–health risk nexus of potentially toxic metals on Cerithidea obtusa: a biomonitoring study from Peninsular Malaysia
title_sort biomonitoring–health risk nexus of potentially toxic metals on cerithidea obtusa: a biomonitoring study from peninsular malaysia
publisher Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
publishDate 2023
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116277/1/116277.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116277/
https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/8/1575
_version_ 1827521158585516032
score 13.251813

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