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Immuno-protective effect of commercial IBD vaccines against emerging novel variant infectious bursal disease virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens

Importance: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an important viral poultry disease that vaccination can control. Objective: This study examined the immune protection of immune-complex (Vaccine A) and attenuated live (Vaccine B) IBD vaccines in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens against a novel Mal...

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Main Authors: Aliyu, Hayatuddeen Bako, Hamisu, Tasiu Mallam, Hair-Bejo, Mohd, Omar, Abdul Rahman, Ideris, Aini
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2024
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114927/1/114927.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114927/
https://vetsci.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4142/jvs.23297
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1149272025-02-12T02:32:26Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114927/ Immuno-protective effect of commercial IBD vaccines against emerging novel variant infectious bursal disease virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens Aliyu, Hayatuddeen Bako Hamisu, Tasiu Mallam Hair-Bejo, Mohd Omar, Abdul Rahman Ideris, Aini Importance: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an important viral poultry disease that vaccination can control. Objective: This study examined the immune protection of immune-complex (Vaccine A) and attenuated live (Vaccine B) IBD vaccines in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens against a novel Malaysian variant IBD virus (vaIBDV) challenge. Methods: One-day-old (n =75) SPF chickens were divided randomly into the following three groups of 25 chicks each: Control, Vaccine A, and Vaccine B groups. The vaIBDV strain, UPM1432/2019, was used for the challenge at 21 and 28days post-vaccination (dpv). Five birds from unchallenged and challenged groups were sacrificed seven days post-challenge, and blood, bursa, spleen, and cloacal swabs were collected. The IBD antibodies (Abs), lymphoid lesions, and viral load were determined. Results: The UPM1432/2019 virus induced bursal damage in vaccinated SPF chickens despite Ab titers. The mean Ab titers of the Vaccine A challenged group were significantly lower (p < 0.002) than in the unchallenged group at 28 dpv. The bursal indices of the vaccinated unchallenged groups did not differ significantly from those of the vaccinated challenged groups (p = 0.94). Microscopically, the bursae of the challenged groups showed significant atrophy. The bursal lesion score was higher (p < 0.05) in the control and Vaccine B challenged groups than the Vaccine A challenged group. The challenged group had a higher viral load than the vaccinated groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions and Relevance: Neither vaccine fully protected against a vaIBDV challenge, highlighting the limitations of current vaccines and the need for further research. Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2024-09-05 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_nc_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114927/1/114927.pdf Aliyu, Hayatuddeen Bako and Hamisu, Tasiu Mallam and Hair-Bejo, Mohd and Omar, Abdul Rahman and Ideris, Aini (2024) Immuno-protective effect of commercial IBD vaccines against emerging novel variant infectious bursal disease virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens. Journal of Veterinary Science, 25 (5). art. no. e70. ISSN 1229-845X; eISSN: 1976-555X https://vetsci.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4142/jvs.23297 10.4142/jvs.23297
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description Importance: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an important viral poultry disease that vaccination can control. Objective: This study examined the immune protection of immune-complex (Vaccine A) and attenuated live (Vaccine B) IBD vaccines in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens against a novel Malaysian variant IBD virus (vaIBDV) challenge. Methods: One-day-old (n =75) SPF chickens were divided randomly into the following three groups of 25 chicks each: Control, Vaccine A, and Vaccine B groups. The vaIBDV strain, UPM1432/2019, was used for the challenge at 21 and 28days post-vaccination (dpv). Five birds from unchallenged and challenged groups were sacrificed seven days post-challenge, and blood, bursa, spleen, and cloacal swabs were collected. The IBD antibodies (Abs), lymphoid lesions, and viral load were determined. Results: The UPM1432/2019 virus induced bursal damage in vaccinated SPF chickens despite Ab titers. The mean Ab titers of the Vaccine A challenged group were significantly lower (p < 0.002) than in the unchallenged group at 28 dpv. The bursal indices of the vaccinated unchallenged groups did not differ significantly from those of the vaccinated challenged groups (p = 0.94). Microscopically, the bursae of the challenged groups showed significant atrophy. The bursal lesion score was higher (p < 0.05) in the control and Vaccine B challenged groups than the Vaccine A challenged group. The challenged group had a higher viral load than the vaccinated groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions and Relevance: Neither vaccine fully protected against a vaIBDV challenge, highlighting the limitations of current vaccines and the need for further research.
format Article
author Aliyu, Hayatuddeen Bako
Hamisu, Tasiu Mallam
Hair-Bejo, Mohd
Omar, Abdul Rahman
Ideris, Aini
spellingShingle Aliyu, Hayatuddeen Bako
Hamisu, Tasiu Mallam
Hair-Bejo, Mohd
Omar, Abdul Rahman
Ideris, Aini
Immuno-protective effect of commercial IBD vaccines against emerging novel variant infectious bursal disease virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens
author_facet Aliyu, Hayatuddeen Bako
Hamisu, Tasiu Mallam
Hair-Bejo, Mohd
Omar, Abdul Rahman
Ideris, Aini
author_sort Aliyu, Hayatuddeen Bako
title Immuno-protective effect of commercial IBD vaccines against emerging novel variant infectious bursal disease virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens
title_short Immuno-protective effect of commercial IBD vaccines against emerging novel variant infectious bursal disease virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens
title_full Immuno-protective effect of commercial IBD vaccines against emerging novel variant infectious bursal disease virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens
title_fullStr Immuno-protective effect of commercial IBD vaccines against emerging novel variant infectious bursal disease virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens
title_full_unstemmed Immuno-protective effect of commercial IBD vaccines against emerging novel variant infectious bursal disease virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens
title_sort immuno-protective effect of commercial ibd vaccines against emerging novel variant infectious bursal disease virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens
publisher Korean Society of Veterinary Science
publishDate 2024
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114927/1/114927.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/114927/
https://vetsci.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4142/jvs.23297
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score 13.244413

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