Cover Image

Cytotoxicity and exposure assessment of PM2.5 in a residential home during COVID-19 lockdown

As individuals become more confined to their homes, especially during the COVID-19 lockdown and the post-pandemic era, human activities will continue to generate more indoor particles. However, the toxicity effects of indoor particles remain unknown during residents’ occupancy time. Eighteen 24 hour...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mahamud, Ummi Sabariah, Nurdin, Armania, Ezani, Eliani
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: AAGR Aerosol and Air Quality Research 2024
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113535/1/113535.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113535/
https://aaqr.org/articles/aaqr-23-09-dr-0205
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id my.upm.eprints.113535
record_format eprints
spelling my.upm.eprints.1135352024-11-26T03:43:00Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113535/ Cytotoxicity and exposure assessment of PM2.5 in a residential home during COVID-19 lockdown Mahamud, Ummi Sabariah Nurdin, Armania Ezani, Eliani As individuals become more confined to their homes, especially during the COVID-19 lockdown and the post-pandemic era, human activities will continue to generate more indoor particles. However, the toxicity effects of indoor particles remain unknown during residents’ occupancy time. Eighteen 24 hours of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 samples were collected using 37 mm polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filter within a residential terrace house in Serdang, Selangor, during the 2021 Malaysia lockdown between February and March 2021. PM2.5 samples were then extracted using methanol. MTT assay determined the cytotoxic activity of extracted indoor and outdoor PM2.5 treated at different concentrations (25–200 µg mL–1) on human lung cells (MRC-5) at a 24-hour incubation period. The 24-h mass concentration of outdoor PM2.5 (41.4 ± 1.99 µg m–3) was significantly three times higher than indoor PM2.5 (11.8 ± 0.60 µg m–3) (p < 0.05). However, exposure to indoor PM2.5 at higher concentrations (100 and 200 µg mL–1) on lung cells (MRC-5) significantly reduces cell viability compared to outdoor PM2.5, suggesting that exposure to indoor PM2.5 causes toxicity to the lung cells compared to outdoor PM2.5. In parallel, indoor real-time PM2.5 measurements were recorded in the kitchen during cooking and non-cooking days. We found cooking days generated higher indoor PM2.5 concentrations (maximum PM2.5 = 75.0 µg m–3), suggesting that cooking activity might contribute to the toxicity of indoor PM2.5. Due to the limited yield of indoor and outdoor PM2.5, further optimization on the extraction of PM2.5 should be carried out to evaluate further the mechanism of cytotoxicity of indoor PM2.5 on the lung cells. AAGR Aerosol and Air Quality Research 2024 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113535/1/113535.pdf Mahamud, Ummi Sabariah and Nurdin, Armania and Ezani, Eliani (2024) Cytotoxicity and exposure assessment of PM2.5 in a residential home during COVID-19 lockdown. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 24 (7). art. no. 230205. pp. 1-12. ISSN 1680-8584; eISSN: 2071-1409 https://aaqr.org/articles/aaqr-23-09-dr-0205 10.4209/aaqr.230205
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description As individuals become more confined to their homes, especially during the COVID-19 lockdown and the post-pandemic era, human activities will continue to generate more indoor particles. However, the toxicity effects of indoor particles remain unknown during residents’ occupancy time. Eighteen 24 hours of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 samples were collected using 37 mm polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filter within a residential terrace house in Serdang, Selangor, during the 2021 Malaysia lockdown between February and March 2021. PM2.5 samples were then extracted using methanol. MTT assay determined the cytotoxic activity of extracted indoor and outdoor PM2.5 treated at different concentrations (25–200 µg mL–1) on human lung cells (MRC-5) at a 24-hour incubation period. The 24-h mass concentration of outdoor PM2.5 (41.4 ± 1.99 µg m–3) was significantly three times higher than indoor PM2.5 (11.8 ± 0.60 µg m–3) (p < 0.05). However, exposure to indoor PM2.5 at higher concentrations (100 and 200 µg mL–1) on lung cells (MRC-5) significantly reduces cell viability compared to outdoor PM2.5, suggesting that exposure to indoor PM2.5 causes toxicity to the lung cells compared to outdoor PM2.5. In parallel, indoor real-time PM2.5 measurements were recorded in the kitchen during cooking and non-cooking days. We found cooking days generated higher indoor PM2.5 concentrations (maximum PM2.5 = 75.0 µg m–3), suggesting that cooking activity might contribute to the toxicity of indoor PM2.5. Due to the limited yield of indoor and outdoor PM2.5, further optimization on the extraction of PM2.5 should be carried out to evaluate further the mechanism of cytotoxicity of indoor PM2.5 on the lung cells.
format Article
author Mahamud, Ummi Sabariah
Nurdin, Armania
Ezani, Eliani
spellingShingle Mahamud, Ummi Sabariah
Nurdin, Armania
Ezani, Eliani
Cytotoxicity and exposure assessment of PM2.5 in a residential home during COVID-19 lockdown
author_facet Mahamud, Ummi Sabariah
Nurdin, Armania
Ezani, Eliani
author_sort Mahamud, Ummi Sabariah
title Cytotoxicity and exposure assessment of PM2.5 in a residential home during COVID-19 lockdown
title_short Cytotoxicity and exposure assessment of PM2.5 in a residential home during COVID-19 lockdown
title_full Cytotoxicity and exposure assessment of PM2.5 in a residential home during COVID-19 lockdown
title_fullStr Cytotoxicity and exposure assessment of PM2.5 in a residential home during COVID-19 lockdown
title_full_unstemmed Cytotoxicity and exposure assessment of PM2.5 in a residential home during COVID-19 lockdown
title_sort cytotoxicity and exposure assessment of pm2.5 in a residential home during covid-19 lockdown
publisher AAGR Aerosol and Air Quality Research
publishDate 2024
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113535/1/113535.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113535/
https://aaqr.org/articles/aaqr-23-09-dr-0205
_version_ 1817844674250932224
score 13.244413

Similar Items