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Optimization of a lipase/reduced graphene oxide/metal-organic framework electrode using central composite design-response surface methodology approach

Lipase has been gaining attention as the recognition element in electrochemical biosensors. Lipase immobilization is important to maintain its stability while providing an excellent conductivity. In this study, a lipase electrochemical biosensor immobilized on a copper-centred metal-organic framewor...

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Main Authors: Mohd Mokhtar, Nur Aina Izzati, Ashari, Siti Efliza, Mohd Zawawi, Ruzniza
Format: Article
Published: Royal Society of Chemistry 2023
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/109388/
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/ra/d3ra01060k
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1093882024-08-05T03:49:27Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/109388/ Optimization of a lipase/reduced graphene oxide/metal-organic framework electrode using central composite design-response surface methodology approach Mohd Mokhtar, Nur Aina Izzati Ashari, Siti Efliza Mohd Zawawi, Ruzniza Lipase has been gaining attention as the recognition element in electrochemical biosensors. Lipase immobilization is important to maintain its stability while providing an excellent conductivity. In this study, a lipase electrochemical biosensor immobilized on a copper-centred metal-organic framework integrated with reduced graphene oxide (lipase/rGO/Cu-MOF) was synthesized by a facile method at room temperature. Response surface methodology (RSM) via central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the synthesis parameters, which are rGO weight, ultrasonication time, and lipase concentration, to maximize the current response for the detection of p-nitrophenyl acetate (p-NPA). The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that all three parameters were significant, while the interaction between the ultrasonication time and lipase concentration was the only significant interaction with a p-value of less than 0.05. The optimized electrode with parameters of 1 mg of rGO, 30 min ultrasonication time, and 30 mg/mL lipase exhibited the highest current response of 116.93 µA using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and has a residual standard error (RSE) of less than 2 in validation, indicating that the model is suitable to be used. It was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), where the integration of the composite was observed. Immobilization using ultrasonication altered the lipase’s secondary structure, but reduced its unorderly coils. The electrochemical and thermal analysis showed that the combination of Cu-MOF with rGO enhanced the electrochemical conductivity and thermostability. Royal Society of Chemistry 2023-05-03 Article PeerReviewed Mohd Mokhtar, Nur Aina Izzati and Ashari, Siti Efliza and Mohd Zawawi, Ruzniza (2023) Optimization of a lipase/reduced graphene oxide/metal-organic framework electrode using central composite design-response surface methodology approach. RSC Advances, 13. 13493 - 13504. ISSN 2046-2069 https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/ra/d3ra01060k 10.1039/d3ra01060k
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description Lipase has been gaining attention as the recognition element in electrochemical biosensors. Lipase immobilization is important to maintain its stability while providing an excellent conductivity. In this study, a lipase electrochemical biosensor immobilized on a copper-centred metal-organic framework integrated with reduced graphene oxide (lipase/rGO/Cu-MOF) was synthesized by a facile method at room temperature. Response surface methodology (RSM) via central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the synthesis parameters, which are rGO weight, ultrasonication time, and lipase concentration, to maximize the current response for the detection of p-nitrophenyl acetate (p-NPA). The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that all three parameters were significant, while the interaction between the ultrasonication time and lipase concentration was the only significant interaction with a p-value of less than 0.05. The optimized electrode with parameters of 1 mg of rGO, 30 min ultrasonication time, and 30 mg/mL lipase exhibited the highest current response of 116.93 µA using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and has a residual standard error (RSE) of less than 2 in validation, indicating that the model is suitable to be used. It was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), where the integration of the composite was observed. Immobilization using ultrasonication altered the lipase’s secondary structure, but reduced its unorderly coils. The electrochemical and thermal analysis showed that the combination of Cu-MOF with rGO enhanced the electrochemical conductivity and thermostability.
format Article
author Mohd Mokhtar, Nur Aina Izzati
Ashari, Siti Efliza
Mohd Zawawi, Ruzniza
spellingShingle Mohd Mokhtar, Nur Aina Izzati
Ashari, Siti Efliza
Mohd Zawawi, Ruzniza
Optimization of a lipase/reduced graphene oxide/metal-organic framework electrode using central composite design-response surface methodology approach
author_facet Mohd Mokhtar, Nur Aina Izzati
Ashari, Siti Efliza
Mohd Zawawi, Ruzniza
author_sort Mohd Mokhtar, Nur Aina Izzati
title Optimization of a lipase/reduced graphene oxide/metal-organic framework electrode using central composite design-response surface methodology approach
title_short Optimization of a lipase/reduced graphene oxide/metal-organic framework electrode using central composite design-response surface methodology approach
title_full Optimization of a lipase/reduced graphene oxide/metal-organic framework electrode using central composite design-response surface methodology approach
title_fullStr Optimization of a lipase/reduced graphene oxide/metal-organic framework electrode using central composite design-response surface methodology approach
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of a lipase/reduced graphene oxide/metal-organic framework electrode using central composite design-response surface methodology approach
title_sort optimization of a lipase/reduced graphene oxide/metal-organic framework electrode using central composite design-response surface methodology approach
publisher Royal Society of Chemistry
publishDate 2023
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/109388/
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/ra/d3ra01060k
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score 13.211869

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