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Landscape drives zoonotic malaria prevalence in non-human primates

Zoonotic disease dynamics in wildlife hosts are rarely quantified at macroecological scales due to the lack of systematic surveys. Non-human primates (NHPs) host <jats:italic>Plasmodium knowlesi,</jats:italic> a zoonotic malaria of public health concern and the main barri...

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Main Authors: Johnson, Emilia, Sunil Kumar Sharma, Reuben, Ruiz Cuenca, Pablo, Byrne, Isabel, Lee, Col Lin, Shahar, Zarith Suraya, Zulkifli, Norhadila, Mohd Saidi, Nor Dilaila
Format: Article
Published: eLife Sciences Publications 2024
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108884/
https://elifesciences.org/articles/88616
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1088842024-09-26T08:29:49Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108884/ Landscape drives zoonotic malaria prevalence in non-human primates Johnson, Emilia Sunil Kumar Sharma, Reuben Ruiz Cuenca, Pablo Byrne, Isabel Lee, Col Lin Shahar, Zarith Suraya Zulkifli, Norhadila Mohd Saidi, Nor Dilaila Zoonotic disease dynamics in wildlife hosts are rarely quantified at macroecological scales due to the lack of systematic surveys. Non-human primates (NHPs) host <jats:italic>Plasmodium knowlesi,</jats:italic> a zoonotic malaria of public health concern and the main barrier to malaria elimination in Southeast Asia. Understanding of regional <jats:italic>P. knowlesi</jats:italic> infection dynamics in wildlife is limited. Here, we systematically assemble reports of NHP <jats:italic>P. knowlesi</jats:italic> and investigate geographic determinants of prevalence in reservoir species. Meta-analysis of 6322 NHPs from 148 sites reveals that prevalence is heterogeneous across Southeast Asia, with low overall prevalence and high estimates for Malaysian Borneo. We find that regions exhibiting higher prevalence in NHPs overlap with human infection hotspots. In wildlife and humans, parasite transmission is linked to land conversion and fragmentation. By assembling remote sensing data and fitting statistical models to prevalence at multiple spatial scales, we identify novel relationships between <jats:italic>P. knowlesi</jats:italic> in NHPs and forest fragmentation. This suggests that higher prevalence may be contingent on habitat complexity, which would begin to explain observed geographic variation in parasite burden. These findings address critical gaps in understanding regional <jats:italic>P. knowlesi</jats:italic> epidemiology and indicate that prevalence in simian reservoirs may be a key spatial driver of human spillover risk. eLife Sciences Publications 2024-05-16 Article PeerReviewed Johnson, Emilia and Sunil Kumar Sharma, Reuben and Ruiz Cuenca, Pablo and Byrne, Isabel and Lee, Col Lin and Shahar, Zarith Suraya and Zulkifli, Norhadila and Mohd Saidi, Nor Dilaila (2024) Landscape drives zoonotic malaria prevalence in non-human primates. eLife, 12. pp. 1-44. ISSN 2050-084X https://elifesciences.org/articles/88616 10.7554/elife.88616
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description Zoonotic disease dynamics in wildlife hosts are rarely quantified at macroecological scales due to the lack of systematic surveys. Non-human primates (NHPs) host <jats:italic>Plasmodium knowlesi,</jats:italic> a zoonotic malaria of public health concern and the main barrier to malaria elimination in Southeast Asia. Understanding of regional <jats:italic>P. knowlesi</jats:italic> infection dynamics in wildlife is limited. Here, we systematically assemble reports of NHP <jats:italic>P. knowlesi</jats:italic> and investigate geographic determinants of prevalence in reservoir species. Meta-analysis of 6322 NHPs from 148 sites reveals that prevalence is heterogeneous across Southeast Asia, with low overall prevalence and high estimates for Malaysian Borneo. We find that regions exhibiting higher prevalence in NHPs overlap with human infection hotspots. In wildlife and humans, parasite transmission is linked to land conversion and fragmentation. By assembling remote sensing data and fitting statistical models to prevalence at multiple spatial scales, we identify novel relationships between <jats:italic>P. knowlesi</jats:italic> in NHPs and forest fragmentation. This suggests that higher prevalence may be contingent on habitat complexity, which would begin to explain observed geographic variation in parasite burden. These findings address critical gaps in understanding regional <jats:italic>P. knowlesi</jats:italic> epidemiology and indicate that prevalence in simian reservoirs may be a key spatial driver of human spillover risk.
format Article
author Johnson, Emilia
Sunil Kumar Sharma, Reuben
Ruiz Cuenca, Pablo
Byrne, Isabel
Lee, Col Lin
Shahar, Zarith Suraya
Zulkifli, Norhadila
Mohd Saidi, Nor Dilaila
spellingShingle Johnson, Emilia
Sunil Kumar Sharma, Reuben
Ruiz Cuenca, Pablo
Byrne, Isabel
Lee, Col Lin
Shahar, Zarith Suraya
Zulkifli, Norhadila
Mohd Saidi, Nor Dilaila
Landscape drives zoonotic malaria prevalence in non-human primates
author_facet Johnson, Emilia
Sunil Kumar Sharma, Reuben
Ruiz Cuenca, Pablo
Byrne, Isabel
Lee, Col Lin
Shahar, Zarith Suraya
Zulkifli, Norhadila
Mohd Saidi, Nor Dilaila
author_sort Johnson, Emilia
title Landscape drives zoonotic malaria prevalence in non-human primates
title_short Landscape drives zoonotic malaria prevalence in non-human primates
title_full Landscape drives zoonotic malaria prevalence in non-human primates
title_fullStr Landscape drives zoonotic malaria prevalence in non-human primates
title_full_unstemmed Landscape drives zoonotic malaria prevalence in non-human primates
title_sort landscape drives zoonotic malaria prevalence in non-human primates
publisher eLife Sciences Publications
publishDate 2024
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108884/
https://elifesciences.org/articles/88616
_version_ 1811686030311424000
score 13.211869

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