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Research progress on extraction and analytical methods for saxitoxin and its congeners

Saxitoxin is a potent neurotoxin commonly found in shellfish, produced by dinoflagellate and cyanobacterial blooms in seawater or fresh water. This review dissects the conventional liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) and the emerging microscale sample preparation method,...

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Main Authors: Ishak, Siti Munirah, Yahaya, Noorfatimah, Loh, Saw Hong, Kamaruzaman, Sazlinda, Mohamad Zain, Nur Nadhirah, Waras, Maisarah Nasution, Wan Abdullah, Wan Nazwanie, Miskam, Mazidatulakmam, Raoov, Muggundha, Abd Aziz, Noorizan, Hassan, Yahaya
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Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2023
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108780/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10337-023-04251-6?error=cookies_not_supported&code=e37f6cb9-c2ba-4a76-8c99-76e4d0943916
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1087802024-10-11T08:38:09Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108780/ Research progress on extraction and analytical methods for saxitoxin and its congeners Ishak, Siti Munirah Yahaya, Noorfatimah Loh, Saw Hong Kamaruzaman, Sazlinda Mohamad Zain, Nur Nadhirah Waras, Maisarah Nasution Wan Abdullah, Wan Nazwanie Miskam, Mazidatulakmam Raoov, Muggundha Abd Aziz, Noorizan Hassan, Yahaya Saxitoxin is a potent neurotoxin commonly found in shellfish, produced by dinoflagellate and cyanobacterial blooms in seawater or fresh water. This review dissects the conventional liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) and the emerging microscale sample preparation method, followed by their achievements in the preconcentration of saxitoxin-group toxins from different matrices. Despite the tedious and multi-step procedures, LLE and SPE remain the most applied techniques in detecting saxitoxin due to their high sensitivity and selectivity. Nevertheless, microscale sample preparation offers potential as a green technique, especially in the development of advanced adsorbents for better sensitivity. Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2023-04-08 Article PeerReviewed Ishak, Siti Munirah and Yahaya, Noorfatimah and Loh, Saw Hong and Kamaruzaman, Sazlinda and Mohamad Zain, Nur Nadhirah and Waras, Maisarah Nasution and Wan Abdullah, Wan Nazwanie and Miskam, Mazidatulakmam and Raoov, Muggundha and Abd Aziz, Noorizan and Hassan, Yahaya (2023) Research progress on extraction and analytical methods for saxitoxin and its congeners. Chromatographia, 86 (5). pp. 349-373. ISSN 1612-1112; ESSN: 0009-5893 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10337-023-04251-6?error=cookies_not_supported&code=e37f6cb9-c2ba-4a76-8c99-76e4d0943916 10.1007/s10337-023-04251-6
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description Saxitoxin is a potent neurotoxin commonly found in shellfish, produced by dinoflagellate and cyanobacterial blooms in seawater or fresh water. This review dissects the conventional liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) and the emerging microscale sample preparation method, followed by their achievements in the preconcentration of saxitoxin-group toxins from different matrices. Despite the tedious and multi-step procedures, LLE and SPE remain the most applied techniques in detecting saxitoxin due to their high sensitivity and selectivity. Nevertheless, microscale sample preparation offers potential as a green technique, especially in the development of advanced adsorbents for better sensitivity.
format Article
author Ishak, Siti Munirah
Yahaya, Noorfatimah
Loh, Saw Hong
Kamaruzaman, Sazlinda
Mohamad Zain, Nur Nadhirah
Waras, Maisarah Nasution
Wan Abdullah, Wan Nazwanie
Miskam, Mazidatulakmam
Raoov, Muggundha
Abd Aziz, Noorizan
Hassan, Yahaya
spellingShingle Ishak, Siti Munirah
Yahaya, Noorfatimah
Loh, Saw Hong
Kamaruzaman, Sazlinda
Mohamad Zain, Nur Nadhirah
Waras, Maisarah Nasution
Wan Abdullah, Wan Nazwanie
Miskam, Mazidatulakmam
Raoov, Muggundha
Abd Aziz, Noorizan
Hassan, Yahaya
Research progress on extraction and analytical methods for saxitoxin and its congeners
author_facet Ishak, Siti Munirah
Yahaya, Noorfatimah
Loh, Saw Hong
Kamaruzaman, Sazlinda
Mohamad Zain, Nur Nadhirah
Waras, Maisarah Nasution
Wan Abdullah, Wan Nazwanie
Miskam, Mazidatulakmam
Raoov, Muggundha
Abd Aziz, Noorizan
Hassan, Yahaya
author_sort Ishak, Siti Munirah
title Research progress on extraction and analytical methods for saxitoxin and its congeners
title_short Research progress on extraction and analytical methods for saxitoxin and its congeners
title_full Research progress on extraction and analytical methods for saxitoxin and its congeners
title_fullStr Research progress on extraction and analytical methods for saxitoxin and its congeners
title_full_unstemmed Research progress on extraction and analytical methods for saxitoxin and its congeners
title_sort research progress on extraction and analytical methods for saxitoxin and its congeners
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
publishDate 2023
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108780/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10337-023-04251-6?error=cookies_not_supported&code=e37f6cb9-c2ba-4a76-8c99-76e4d0943916
_version_ 1814054667866341376
score 13.211869

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