Staff View: High ecological health risks of potentially toxic metals in polluted drainage sediments: Is there a need for public concern during flash floods?

High ecological health risks of potentially toxic metals in polluted drainage sediments: Is there a need for public concern during flash floods?

The present study aimed to investigate the concentrations of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in the drainages, rivers, and coast of Malacca in Peninsular Malaysia. The ranges of total PTM concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) were 1.88–7.01 for Cd, 18.9–1689 for Cu, 26.0–850 for Ni, 56.5–307 for Pb, and...

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Main Authors:	Chee, Kong Yap, Al-Mutairi, Khalid Awadh
Format:	Article
Published:	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2022
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108174/ https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/15/2316
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id	my.upm.eprints.108174
record_format	eprints
spelling	my.upm.eprints.1081742024-09-23T02:00:46Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108174/ High ecological health risks of potentially toxic metals in polluted drainage sediments: Is there a need for public concern during flash floods? Chee, Kong Yap Al-Mutairi, Khalid Awadh The present study aimed to investigate the concentrations of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in the drainages, rivers, and coast of Malacca in Peninsular Malaysia. The ranges of total PTM concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) were 1.88–7.01 for Cd, 18.9–1689 for Cu, 26.0–850 for Ni, 56.5–307 for Pb, and 75.4–312 for Zn. Based on an ecological risk assessment and geochemical fractions, it was concluded that heavy metals pollute the drainages and the Malacca River. The potential ecological risk index (PERI) categorised the drainage and river sites as a “very high ecological risk”. Therefore, it was shown that elevated levels of PTMs in the drainages near Malacca Industrial Area and in the Malacca River sediment were most probably attributed to untreated (or incomplete treatment of) industrial effluents. The drainage sediments were found to have higher hazard quotient (HQ) values for the three pathways of the PTMs for children and adults. Although in general, the non-carcinogenic risks of the PTMs for children and adults indicated no significant detrimental health effects, the hazard index (HI) for Pb in children at drainage locations surpassed 1.0, suggesting a non-carcinogenic risk (NCR), which is a cause for worry. Consequently, the ecological health risk assessments offered critical information for PTM pollution reduction and environmental management in future sustainable development initiatives in Peninsular Malaysia’s drainages and rivers. The present findings on the ecological health risks of PTMs based on 2006 samples can serve as an important baseline for future reference and comparison. This work should encourage future investigations on the direct impact of the risks to the residents during floods in Malaysia, as part of mitigation and risk assessments of the contaminated drainage and river sediments in an attempt to lower the hazards for the surrounding residents. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2022 Article PeerReviewed Chee, Kong Yap and Al-Mutairi, Khalid Awadh (2022) High ecological health risks of potentially toxic metals in polluted drainage sediments: Is there a need for public concern during flash floods? Water, 14 (15). art. no. 2316. pp. 1-21. ISSN 2073-4441 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/15/2316 10.3390/w14152316
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
building	UPM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source	UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description	The present study aimed to investigate the concentrations of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in the drainages, rivers, and coast of Malacca in Peninsular Malaysia. The ranges of total PTM concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) were 1.88–7.01 for Cd, 18.9–1689 for Cu, 26.0–850 for Ni, 56.5–307 for Pb, and 75.4–312 for Zn. Based on an ecological risk assessment and geochemical fractions, it was concluded that heavy metals pollute the drainages and the Malacca River. The potential ecological risk index (PERI) categorised the drainage and river sites as a “very high ecological risk”. Therefore, it was shown that elevated levels of PTMs in the drainages near Malacca Industrial Area and in the Malacca River sediment were most probably attributed to untreated (or incomplete treatment of) industrial effluents. The drainage sediments were found to have higher hazard quotient (HQ) values for the three pathways of the PTMs for children and adults. Although in general, the non-carcinogenic risks of the PTMs for children and adults indicated no significant detrimental health effects, the hazard index (HI) for Pb in children at drainage locations surpassed 1.0, suggesting a non-carcinogenic risk (NCR), which is a cause for worry. Consequently, the ecological health risk assessments offered critical information for PTM pollution reduction and environmental management in future sustainable development initiatives in Peninsular Malaysia’s drainages and rivers. The present findings on the ecological health risks of PTMs based on 2006 samples can serve as an important baseline for future reference and comparison. This work should encourage future investigations on the direct impact of the risks to the residents during floods in Malaysia, as part of mitigation and risk assessments of the contaminated drainage and river sediments in an attempt to lower the hazards for the surrounding residents.
format	Article
author	Chee, Kong Yap Al-Mutairi, Khalid Awadh
spellingShingle	Chee, Kong Yap Al-Mutairi, Khalid Awadh High ecological health risks of potentially toxic metals in polluted drainage sediments: Is there a need for public concern during flash floods?
author_facet	Chee, Kong Yap Al-Mutairi, Khalid Awadh
author_sort	Chee, Kong Yap
title	High ecological health risks of potentially toxic metals in polluted drainage sediments: Is there a need for public concern during flash floods?
title_short	High ecological health risks of potentially toxic metals in polluted drainage sediments: Is there a need for public concern during flash floods?
title_full	High ecological health risks of potentially toxic metals in polluted drainage sediments: Is there a need for public concern during flash floods?
title_fullStr	High ecological health risks of potentially toxic metals in polluted drainage sediments: Is there a need for public concern during flash floods?
title_full_unstemmed	High ecological health risks of potentially toxic metals in polluted drainage sediments: Is there a need for public concern during flash floods?
title_sort	high ecological health risks of potentially toxic metals in polluted drainage sediments: is there a need for public concern during flash floods?
publisher	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publishDate	2022
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/108174/ https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/15/2316
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score	13.211869

High ecological health risks of potentially toxic metals in polluted drainage sediments: Is there a need for public concern during flash floods?

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