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Effects of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate on growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiota of mirror carp Cyprinus carpio fed with soybean meal based diet

This study investigated the effects of Clostridium butyricum (CB) and sodium butyrate (SB) on the growth performance, intestinal immune, and gut microbiota of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) fed with a high level of soybean meal. Three hundred sixty healthy carp fingerlings (∼3.74 g) were divided into...

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Main Authors: Du, Yi, Cheng, Long, Zhao, Jianhua, de Cruz, Clement R., Xu, Hong, Wang, Liansheng, Xu, Qiyou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier BV 2023
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/107569/1/1-s2.0-S2352513423000406-main.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/107569/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513423000406
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1075692024-07-15T02:49:50Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/107569/ Effects of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate on growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiota of mirror carp Cyprinus carpio fed with soybean meal based diet Du, Yi Cheng, Long Zhao, Jianhua de Cruz, Clement R. Xu, Hong Wang, Liansheng Xu, Qiyou This study investigated the effects of Clostridium butyricum (CB) and sodium butyrate (SB) on the growth performance, intestinal immune, and gut microbiota of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) fed with a high level of soybean meal. Three hundred sixty healthy carp fingerlings (∼3.74 g) were divided into eight dietary treatments with four replicates and ten fish per replicate. Which include basal diet (Control group, C0); C0 supplemented with three levels of CB, 3 × 107 cfu/kg (C1), 3 × 108 cfu/kg (C2), 3 × 109 cfu/kg (C3); three levels of SB, 500 mg/kg (S1), 1000 mg/kg (S2), 2 000 mg/kg (S3); and 3 × 108 cfu/kg CB+ 1 000 mg/kg SB (CS), respectively. In 8-week trial, the survival rate of all groups was 100%. Compared with C0, the Weight Gain, Feed Conversion Ratio, Protein Efficiency Ratio were not significantly different in all groups (P > 0.05). Crude protein and ether extract contents were increased significantly (P < 0.05) when supplemented with different levels of CB and SB, and ash content increased significantly in the CB groups (P < 0.05). Serum globulin increased and glucose decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the CB and SB groups. The intestinal T-SOD and glutathione activity in the foregut, midgut, and hindgut were increased (P < 0.05), and villus height of foregut and midgut were higher in the CB and SB (P < 0.05). Protease activities in the foregut and midgut were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the C2, C3, S2, and S3. The lipase activity of the C2 and C3 in foregut, midgut, and hindgut; S2, S3, and CS in the foregut; S3 in midgut were significantly increased (P < 0.05). The gut microbiota was modulated at the phylum and genera level by CB and SB administration. In summary, our results indicated that CB and SB could promote the whole body CP and EE content, intestine immunity, digestive enzyme activity, and intestinal morphology, and modulated gut flora in carp. Elsevier BV 2023-02-17 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/107569/1/1-s2.0-S2352513423000406-main.pdf Du, Yi and Cheng, Long and Zhao, Jianhua and de Cruz, Clement R. and Xu, Hong and Wang, Liansheng and Xu, Qiyou (2023) Effects of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate on growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiota of mirror carp Cyprinus carpio fed with soybean meal based diet. Aquaculture Reports, 29. pp. 1-10. ISSN 2352-5134 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513423000406 10.1016/j.aqrep.2023.101501
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description This study investigated the effects of Clostridium butyricum (CB) and sodium butyrate (SB) on the growth performance, intestinal immune, and gut microbiota of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) fed with a high level of soybean meal. Three hundred sixty healthy carp fingerlings (∼3.74 g) were divided into eight dietary treatments with four replicates and ten fish per replicate. Which include basal diet (Control group, C0); C0 supplemented with three levels of CB, 3 × 107 cfu/kg (C1), 3 × 108 cfu/kg (C2), 3 × 109 cfu/kg (C3); three levels of SB, 500 mg/kg (S1), 1000 mg/kg (S2), 2 000 mg/kg (S3); and 3 × 108 cfu/kg CB+ 1 000 mg/kg SB (CS), respectively. In 8-week trial, the survival rate of all groups was 100%. Compared with C0, the Weight Gain, Feed Conversion Ratio, Protein Efficiency Ratio were not significantly different in all groups (P > 0.05). Crude protein and ether extract contents were increased significantly (P < 0.05) when supplemented with different levels of CB and SB, and ash content increased significantly in the CB groups (P < 0.05). Serum globulin increased and glucose decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the CB and SB groups. The intestinal T-SOD and glutathione activity in the foregut, midgut, and hindgut were increased (P < 0.05), and villus height of foregut and midgut were higher in the CB and SB (P < 0.05). Protease activities in the foregut and midgut were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the C2, C3, S2, and S3. The lipase activity of the C2 and C3 in foregut, midgut, and hindgut; S2, S3, and CS in the foregut; S3 in midgut were significantly increased (P < 0.05). The gut microbiota was modulated at the phylum and genera level by CB and SB administration. In summary, our results indicated that CB and SB could promote the whole body CP and EE content, intestine immunity, digestive enzyme activity, and intestinal morphology, and modulated gut flora in carp.
format Article
author Du, Yi
Cheng, Long
Zhao, Jianhua
de Cruz, Clement R.
Xu, Hong
Wang, Liansheng
Xu, Qiyou
spellingShingle Du, Yi
Cheng, Long
Zhao, Jianhua
de Cruz, Clement R.
Xu, Hong
Wang, Liansheng
Xu, Qiyou
Effects of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate on growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiota of mirror carp Cyprinus carpio fed with soybean meal based diet
author_facet Du, Yi
Cheng, Long
Zhao, Jianhua
de Cruz, Clement R.
Xu, Hong
Wang, Liansheng
Xu, Qiyou
author_sort Du, Yi
title Effects of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate on growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiota of mirror carp Cyprinus carpio fed with soybean meal based diet
title_short Effects of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate on growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiota of mirror carp Cyprinus carpio fed with soybean meal based diet
title_full Effects of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate on growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiota of mirror carp Cyprinus carpio fed with soybean meal based diet
title_fullStr Effects of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate on growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiota of mirror carp Cyprinus carpio fed with soybean meal based diet
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate on growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiota of mirror carp Cyprinus carpio fed with soybean meal based diet
title_sort effects of clostridium butyricum and sodium butyrate on growth performance, immunity, and gut microbiota of mirror carp cyprinus carpio fed with soybean meal based diet
publisher Elsevier BV
publishDate 2023
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/107569/1/1-s2.0-S2352513423000406-main.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/107569/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513423000406
_version_ 1805889911699537920
score 13.211869

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