A combined top-down and bottom-up approaches to the implementation of human trafficking policy in Nigeria

In its efforts to protect and assist trafficked persons, the Nigerian Government designed and formulated a comprehensive National Policy on Protection and Assistance to Trafficked Person (NPPATPN) in 2008. However, the country’s efforts in the protection of Trafficked Persons have been considered in...

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Main Authors: Ibrahim, Sani Sani, Ab Halim, Adlina, Adnan, Zatul Himmah, Jawan, Jayum A.
Format: Article
Published: Human Resource Management Academic Research Society 2023
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106386/
https://hrmars.com/index.php/IJARBSS/article/view/18759/A-Combined-Top-Down-and-Bottom-Up-Approaches-to-the-Implementation-of-Human-Trafficking-Policy-in-Nigeria
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1063862024-09-26T07:17:22Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106386/ A combined top-down and bottom-up approaches to the implementation of human trafficking policy in Nigeria Ibrahim, Sani Sani Ab Halim, Adlina Adnan, Zatul Himmah Jawan, Jayum A. In its efforts to protect and assist trafficked persons, the Nigerian Government designed and formulated a comprehensive National Policy on Protection and Assistance to Trafficked Person (NPPATPN) in 2008. However, the country’s efforts in the protection of Trafficked Persons have been considered inadequate. Thus, the challenges facing Nigeria are not that of policy formulation but the implementation of the policy. The purpose of this study is to explore the implementation of the NPPATPN from the perspective of top-down and bottom-up approaches, using qualitative methodology. 15 participants from government agencies, Non-Governmental Organisation (NGOs), International Governmental Organization (IGOs) and Trafficked Persons were purposely selected and interviewed. The findings revealed that the top-down approach is more pronounced compared to the bottom-up approach in NPPATPN implementation. This is because the lower-level bureaucrat operates under strong hierarchical command and control with no freedom to exercise any discretion in the implementation process. The study recommends that the policymakers (top officials) should take into cognizance the significance of the implementers (lower-official), NGOs and other relevant stakeholders in the policy-making process for the policy to be effective and legitimate. Therefore, the novelty of the study has contributed to providing a clear understanding regarding the performance of NPPATPN’s implementation in Nigeria. Human Resource Management Academic Research Society 2023-10-09 Article PeerReviewed Ibrahim, Sani Sani and Ab Halim, Adlina and Adnan, Zatul Himmah and Jawan, Jayum A. (2023) A combined top-down and bottom-up approaches to the implementation of human trafficking policy in Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13 (16). 307 - 321. ISSN 2222-6990 https://hrmars.com/index.php/IJARBSS/article/view/18759/A-Combined-Top-Down-and-Bottom-Up-Approaches-to-the-Implementation-of-Human-Trafficking-Policy-in-Nigeria 10.6007/ijarbss/v13-i16/18759
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description In its efforts to protect and assist trafficked persons, the Nigerian Government designed and formulated a comprehensive National Policy on Protection and Assistance to Trafficked Person (NPPATPN) in 2008. However, the country’s efforts in the protection of Trafficked Persons have been considered inadequate. Thus, the challenges facing Nigeria are not that of policy formulation but the implementation of the policy. The purpose of this study is to explore the implementation of the NPPATPN from the perspective of top-down and bottom-up approaches, using qualitative methodology. 15 participants from government agencies, Non-Governmental Organisation (NGOs), International Governmental Organization (IGOs) and Trafficked Persons were purposely selected and interviewed. The findings revealed that the top-down approach is more pronounced compared to the bottom-up approach in NPPATPN implementation. This is because the lower-level bureaucrat operates under strong hierarchical command and control with no freedom to exercise any discretion in the implementation process. The study recommends that the policymakers (top officials) should take into cognizance the significance of the implementers (lower-official), NGOs and other relevant stakeholders in the policy-making process for the policy to be effective and legitimate. Therefore, the novelty of the study has contributed to providing a clear understanding regarding the performance of NPPATPN’s implementation in Nigeria.
format Article
author Ibrahim, Sani Sani
Ab Halim, Adlina
Adnan, Zatul Himmah
Jawan, Jayum A.
spellingShingle Ibrahim, Sani Sani
Ab Halim, Adlina
Adnan, Zatul Himmah
Jawan, Jayum A.
A combined top-down and bottom-up approaches to the implementation of human trafficking policy in Nigeria
author_facet Ibrahim, Sani Sani
Ab Halim, Adlina
Adnan, Zatul Himmah
Jawan, Jayum A.
author_sort Ibrahim, Sani Sani
title A combined top-down and bottom-up approaches to the implementation of human trafficking policy in Nigeria
title_short A combined top-down and bottom-up approaches to the implementation of human trafficking policy in Nigeria
title_full A combined top-down and bottom-up approaches to the implementation of human trafficking policy in Nigeria
title_fullStr A combined top-down and bottom-up approaches to the implementation of human trafficking policy in Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed A combined top-down and bottom-up approaches to the implementation of human trafficking policy in Nigeria
title_sort combined top-down and bottom-up approaches to the implementation of human trafficking policy in nigeria
publisher Human Resource Management Academic Research Society
publishDate 2023
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106386/
https://hrmars.com/index.php/IJARBSS/article/view/18759/A-Combined-Top-Down-and-Bottom-Up-Approaches-to-the-Implementation-of-Human-Trafficking-Policy-in-Nigeria
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score 13.211869