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Colloidal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic study of grouper epidermal mucus using acidified sodium sulphate as the aggregating agent

Fish epidermal mucus is an important reservoir of antipathogenic compounds which serves as the first line of the immune defence. Despite its significant role in the physiology and health of fish, detailed profiling of fish epidermal mucus has yet to be explored. Therefore, this study investigates a...

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Main Authors: Leong, Nathaniel, Yaacob, Mohd Hanif, Md Zain, Ahmad Rifqi, Tengku Abdul Aziz, Tengku Hasnan, Christianus, Annie, Chong, Chou Min, Mahdi, Mohd Adzir
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier BV 2024
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106089/1/106089.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106089/
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85185391392&url=10.1016%2fj.saa.2024.123974&partnerID=40&md5=efee27f028c602896aa4375ac8196b5b
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1060892024-11-13T04:53:31Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106089/ Colloidal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic study of grouper epidermal mucus using acidified sodium sulphate as the aggregating agent Leong, Nathaniel Yaacob, Mohd Hanif Md Zain, Ahmad Rifqi Tengku Abdul Aziz, Tengku Hasnan Christianus, Annie Chong, Chou Min Mahdi, Mohd Adzir Fish epidermal mucus is an important reservoir of antipathogenic compounds which serves as the first line of the immune defence. Despite its significant role in the physiology and health of fish, detailed profiling of fish epidermal mucus has yet to be explored. Therefore, this study investigates a label-free colloidal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) method for profiling grouper mucus. Gold nanoparticles were first synthesised using the standard citrate reduction and characterised using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The influence of acidified sodium sulphate (Na2SO4) at pH 3 as the aggregating agent on the enhancement of the SERS spectrum of different analyte samples including rhodamine 6G (R6G) dye, lysozyme solution and hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × Epinephelus lanceolatus) mucus was observed. Based on the results, an optimal Na2SO4 concentration of 1 M was recorded to achieve the highest enhancement of the SERS signal for R6G and grouper mucus, while the optimal concentration for lysozyme was 0.1 M. The results indicated a higher degree of aggregation induced by lysozyme than R6G and grouper mucus. A few overlapping peaks of the SERS spectra of lysozyme and grouper mucus made it possible to confirm the presence of lysozyme as potential biomarkers. Elsevier BV 2024 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106089/1/106089.pdf Leong, Nathaniel and Yaacob, Mohd Hanif and Md Zain, Ahmad Rifqi and Tengku Abdul Aziz, Tengku Hasnan and Christianus, Annie and Chong, Chou Min and Mahdi, Mohd Adzir (2024) Colloidal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic study of grouper epidermal mucus using acidified sodium sulphate as the aggregating agent. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 311. art. no. 123974. pp. 1-10. ISSN 1386-1425 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85185391392&url=10.1016%2fj.saa.2024.123974&partnerID=40&md5=efee27f028c602896aa4375ac8196b5b 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123974
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
language English
description Fish epidermal mucus is an important reservoir of antipathogenic compounds which serves as the first line of the immune defence. Despite its significant role in the physiology and health of fish, detailed profiling of fish epidermal mucus has yet to be explored. Therefore, this study investigates a label-free colloidal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) method for profiling grouper mucus. Gold nanoparticles were first synthesised using the standard citrate reduction and characterised using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The influence of acidified sodium sulphate (Na2SO4) at pH 3 as the aggregating agent on the enhancement of the SERS spectrum of different analyte samples including rhodamine 6G (R6G) dye, lysozyme solution and hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × Epinephelus lanceolatus) mucus was observed. Based on the results, an optimal Na2SO4 concentration of 1 M was recorded to achieve the highest enhancement of the SERS signal for R6G and grouper mucus, while the optimal concentration for lysozyme was 0.1 M. The results indicated a higher degree of aggregation induced by lysozyme than R6G and grouper mucus. A few overlapping peaks of the SERS spectra of lysozyme and grouper mucus made it possible to confirm the presence of lysozyme as potential biomarkers.
format Article
author Leong, Nathaniel
Yaacob, Mohd Hanif
Md Zain, Ahmad Rifqi
Tengku Abdul Aziz, Tengku Hasnan
Christianus, Annie
Chong, Chou Min
Mahdi, Mohd Adzir
spellingShingle Leong, Nathaniel
Yaacob, Mohd Hanif
Md Zain, Ahmad Rifqi
Tengku Abdul Aziz, Tengku Hasnan
Christianus, Annie
Chong, Chou Min
Mahdi, Mohd Adzir
Colloidal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic study of grouper epidermal mucus using acidified sodium sulphate as the aggregating agent
author_facet Leong, Nathaniel
Yaacob, Mohd Hanif
Md Zain, Ahmad Rifqi
Tengku Abdul Aziz, Tengku Hasnan
Christianus, Annie
Chong, Chou Min
Mahdi, Mohd Adzir
author_sort Leong, Nathaniel
title Colloidal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic study of grouper epidermal mucus using acidified sodium sulphate as the aggregating agent
title_short Colloidal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic study of grouper epidermal mucus using acidified sodium sulphate as the aggregating agent
title_full Colloidal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic study of grouper epidermal mucus using acidified sodium sulphate as the aggregating agent
title_fullStr Colloidal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic study of grouper epidermal mucus using acidified sodium sulphate as the aggregating agent
title_full_unstemmed Colloidal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic study of grouper epidermal mucus using acidified sodium sulphate as the aggregating agent
title_sort colloidal surface-enhanced raman spectroscopic study of grouper epidermal mucus using acidified sodium sulphate as the aggregating agent
publisher Elsevier BV
publishDate 2024
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106089/1/106089.pdf
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106089/
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85185391392&url=10.1016%2fj.saa.2024.123974&partnerID=40&md5=efee27f028c602896aa4375ac8196b5b
_version_ 1816132695971856384
score 13.222552

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