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The effect of laying down posture while using smartphone among school children in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand

Background: Lots of children use the smartphone in lying down posture that is unappreciated posture. The postures of children while using a smartphone affect their musculoskeletal pain and can enhance Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Objective: To study the effect of lying down posture while using...

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Main Authors: Madardam, Uraiwan, Veerasakul, Siriluk, Mohd Tamrin, Shamsul Bahri, Mongkonkansai, Jittaporn
Format: Article
Published: Panstwowy Zaklad Higieny/National Institute of Hygiene 2022
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/103513/
http://wydawnictwa.pzh.gov.pl/roczniki_pzh/the-effect-of-laying-down-posture-while-using-smartphone-among-school-children-in-nakhon-si-thammarat-thailand?lang=pl
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1035132023-05-24T04:50:57Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/103513/ The effect of laying down posture while using smartphone among school children in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand Madardam, Uraiwan Veerasakul, Siriluk Mohd Tamrin, Shamsul Bahri Mongkonkansai, Jittaporn Background: Lots of children use the smartphone in lying down posture that is unappreciated posture. The postures of children while using a smartphone affect their musculoskeletal pain and can enhance Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Objective: To study the effect of lying down posture while using smartphone among school children in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. Materials and methods: This survey study employed a Descriptive Cross-Sectional Design. The population was Grade 1-6 students studying in a primary school in Nakhon Si Thammarat. There were 122 samples selected based on the Volunteer Sampling Technique under the written consent of the students' guardians. The research instruments employed in this study were: 1) Questionnaire adapted from Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire asking musculoskeletal symptoms, 2) Posture Assessment using Kinovea Software to measure the angles of the muscle and postures during photo and video shooting of the smartphone users. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics while Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to test the mean differences. Results: There is a significant difference at p<0.05 level in mean angles of the neck, trunk, shoulder, and lower arms when using smartphones in supine and prone postures. The correlation between smartphone usage postures and musculoskeletal symptoms at the head/neck, trunk, and upper arm are found significantly different at p<0.05 level. The statistically significant difference at p<0.05 level is also found in the differences of age, length of smartphone ownership, position when using smartphone, and length of a smartphone usage in lying down positions. Conclusion: Smartphone usage in lying down positions of the participants can cause musculoskeletal pain especially in prone posture. It is recommended that guardians or relevant sectors have greater attention to smartphone usage among children to prevent their long-term musculoskeletal problems. Panstwowy Zaklad Higieny/National Institute of Hygiene 2022 Article PeerReviewed Madardam, Uraiwan and Veerasakul, Siriluk and Mohd Tamrin, Shamsul Bahri and Mongkonkansai, Jittaporn (2022) The effect of laying down posture while using smartphone among school children in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny, 73 (2). 221 - 229. ISSN 0035-7715 http://wydawnictwa.pzh.gov.pl/roczniki_pzh/the-effect-of-laying-down-posture-while-using-smartphone-among-school-children-in-nakhon-si-thammarat-thailand?lang=pl 10.32394/rpzh.2022.0210
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description Background: Lots of children use the smartphone in lying down posture that is unappreciated posture. The postures of children while using a smartphone affect their musculoskeletal pain and can enhance Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Objective: To study the effect of lying down posture while using smartphone among school children in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. Materials and methods: This survey study employed a Descriptive Cross-Sectional Design. The population was Grade 1-6 students studying in a primary school in Nakhon Si Thammarat. There were 122 samples selected based on the Volunteer Sampling Technique under the written consent of the students' guardians. The research instruments employed in this study were: 1) Questionnaire adapted from Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire asking musculoskeletal symptoms, 2) Posture Assessment using Kinovea Software to measure the angles of the muscle and postures during photo and video shooting of the smartphone users. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics while Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to test the mean differences. Results: There is a significant difference at p<0.05 level in mean angles of the neck, trunk, shoulder, and lower arms when using smartphones in supine and prone postures. The correlation between smartphone usage postures and musculoskeletal symptoms at the head/neck, trunk, and upper arm are found significantly different at p<0.05 level. The statistically significant difference at p<0.05 level is also found in the differences of age, length of smartphone ownership, position when using smartphone, and length of a smartphone usage in lying down positions. Conclusion: Smartphone usage in lying down positions of the participants can cause musculoskeletal pain especially in prone posture. It is recommended that guardians or relevant sectors have greater attention to smartphone usage among children to prevent their long-term musculoskeletal problems.
format Article
author Madardam, Uraiwan
Veerasakul, Siriluk
Mohd Tamrin, Shamsul Bahri
Mongkonkansai, Jittaporn
spellingShingle Madardam, Uraiwan
Veerasakul, Siriluk
Mohd Tamrin, Shamsul Bahri
Mongkonkansai, Jittaporn
The effect of laying down posture while using smartphone among school children in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
author_facet Madardam, Uraiwan
Veerasakul, Siriluk
Mohd Tamrin, Shamsul Bahri
Mongkonkansai, Jittaporn
author_sort Madardam, Uraiwan
title The effect of laying down posture while using smartphone among school children in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
title_short The effect of laying down posture while using smartphone among school children in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
title_full The effect of laying down posture while using smartphone among school children in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
title_fullStr The effect of laying down posture while using smartphone among school children in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
title_full_unstemmed The effect of laying down posture while using smartphone among school children in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
title_sort effect of laying down posture while using smartphone among school children in nakhon si thammarat, thailand
publisher Panstwowy Zaklad Higieny/National Institute of Hygiene
publishDate 2022
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/103513/
http://wydawnictwa.pzh.gov.pl/roczniki_pzh/the-effect-of-laying-down-posture-while-using-smartphone-among-school-children-in-nakhon-si-thammarat-thailand?lang=pl
_version_ 1768009465735413760
score 13.211869

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