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Quantitative analysis and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in paddy plants collected from Perak, Malaysia

Rice is one of the major crops as well as the staple food in Malaysia. However, historical mining activity has raised a concern regarding heavy metal contamination in paddy plants, especially in Perak, a state with major tin mining during the late nineteenth century. Therefore, the objective of this...

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Main Authors: Anak Sibuar, Agatha, Zulkafflee, Nur Syahirah, Selamat, Jinap, Ismail, Mohd Razi, Lee, Soo Yee, Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal
Format: Article
Published: MDPI 2022
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102975/
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/2/731
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1029752024-06-23T00:52:32Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102975/ Quantitative analysis and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in paddy plants collected from Perak, Malaysia Anak Sibuar, Agatha Zulkafflee, Nur Syahirah Selamat, Jinap Ismail, Mohd Razi Lee, Soo Yee Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal Rice is one of the major crops as well as the staple food in Malaysia. However, historical mining activity has raised a concern regarding heavy metal contamination in paddy plants, especially in Perak, a state with major tin mining during the late nineteenth century. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr) contamination in paddy soils and paddy plants in three districts in Perak. The content of heavy metals was determined using ICP-MS, while the absorption and transferability of heavy metals in the paddy plants were investigated through enrichment (EF) and translocation (TF) factors. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to recognize the pattern of heavy metal contaminations in different sampling areas. Health risk assessment was performed through calculation of various indices. The quantification results showed that root contained highest concentration of the studied heavy metals, with As exhibiting the highest concentration. The EF results revealed the accumulation of As, Cu, and Cr in the rice grains while PCA showed the different compositional pattern in the different sampling areas. The health risk assessment disclosed both noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks in the local adults and children. Overall, findings from this study show that heavy metal contamination poses potential health risks to the residents and control measure is required. MDPI 2022 Article PeerReviewed Anak Sibuar, Agatha and Zulkafflee, Nur Syahirah and Selamat, Jinap and Ismail, Mohd Razi and Lee, Soo Yee and Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal (2022) Quantitative analysis and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in paddy plants collected from Perak, Malaysia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (2). art. no. 731. -19. ISSN 1661-7827; ESSN: 1660-4601 https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/2/731 10.3390/ijerph19020731
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description Rice is one of the major crops as well as the staple food in Malaysia. However, historical mining activity has raised a concern regarding heavy metal contamination in paddy plants, especially in Perak, a state with major tin mining during the late nineteenth century. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr) contamination in paddy soils and paddy plants in three districts in Perak. The content of heavy metals was determined using ICP-MS, while the absorption and transferability of heavy metals in the paddy plants were investigated through enrichment (EF) and translocation (TF) factors. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to recognize the pattern of heavy metal contaminations in different sampling areas. Health risk assessment was performed through calculation of various indices. The quantification results showed that root contained highest concentration of the studied heavy metals, with As exhibiting the highest concentration. The EF results revealed the accumulation of As, Cu, and Cr in the rice grains while PCA showed the different compositional pattern in the different sampling areas. The health risk assessment disclosed both noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks in the local adults and children. Overall, findings from this study show that heavy metal contamination poses potential health risks to the residents and control measure is required.
format Article
author Anak Sibuar, Agatha
Zulkafflee, Nur Syahirah
Selamat, Jinap
Ismail, Mohd Razi
Lee, Soo Yee
Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal
spellingShingle Anak Sibuar, Agatha
Zulkafflee, Nur Syahirah
Selamat, Jinap
Ismail, Mohd Razi
Lee, Soo Yee
Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal
Quantitative analysis and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in paddy plants collected from Perak, Malaysia
author_facet Anak Sibuar, Agatha
Zulkafflee, Nur Syahirah
Selamat, Jinap
Ismail, Mohd Razi
Lee, Soo Yee
Abdull Razis, Ahmad Faizal
author_sort Anak Sibuar, Agatha
title Quantitative analysis and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in paddy plants collected from Perak, Malaysia
title_short Quantitative analysis and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in paddy plants collected from Perak, Malaysia
title_full Quantitative analysis and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in paddy plants collected from Perak, Malaysia
title_fullStr Quantitative analysis and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in paddy plants collected from Perak, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Quantitative analysis and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in paddy plants collected from Perak, Malaysia
title_sort quantitative analysis and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in paddy plants collected from perak, malaysia
publisher MDPI
publishDate 2022
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102975/
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/2/731
_version_ 1802978826025697280
score 13.211869

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