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Pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358

Background Severe leptospirosis is challenging as it could evolve rapidly and potentially fatal if appropri-ate management is not performed. An understanding of the progression and pathophysiology of Leptospira infection is important to determine the early changes that could be potentially used to p...

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Main Authors: Philip, Noraini, Priya, Sivan Padma, Jumah Badawi, Ahmad Hussein, Mohd Izhar, Mohd Hafidz, Mohtarrudin, Norhafizah, Tengku Ibrahim, Tengku Azmi, Sekawi, Zamberi, Neela, Vasantha Kumari
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Published: Public Library of Science 2022
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102955/
https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0010409
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1029552024-06-30T06:11:59Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102955/ Pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358 Philip, Noraini Priya, Sivan Padma Jumah Badawi, Ahmad Hussein Mohd Izhar, Mohd Hafidz Mohtarrudin, Norhafizah Tengku Ibrahim, Tengku Azmi Sekawi, Zamberi Neela, Vasantha Kumari Background Severe leptospirosis is challenging as it could evolve rapidly and potentially fatal if appropri-ate management is not performed. An understanding of the progression and pathophysiology of Leptospira infection is important to determine the early changes that could be potentially used to predict the severe occurrence of leptospirosis. This study aimed to understand the kinetics pathogenesis of Leptospira interrogans strain HP358 in the hamster model and iden-tify the early parameters that could be used as biomarkers to predict severe leptospirosis. Methodology/Principal findings Male Syrian hamsters were infected with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358 and eutha-nized after 24 hours, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days post-infection. Blood, lungs, liver and kidneys were collected for leptospiral detection, haematology, serum biochemistry and differential expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory markers. Macroscopic and microscopic organ damages were investigated. Leptospira interrogans strain HP358 was highly pathogenic and killed hamsters within 6–7 days post-infection. Pulmonary haemorrhage and blood ves-sel congestion in organs were noticed as the earliest pathological changes. The damages in organs and changes in biochemistry value were preceded by changes in haematology and immune gene expression. Conclusion/Significance This study deciphered haemorrhage as the earliest manifestation of severe leptospirosis and high levels of IL-1β, CXCL10/IP-10, CCL3/MIP-α, neutrophils and low levels of lymphocytes and platelets serve as a cumulative panel of biomarkers in severe leptospirosis. Public Library of Science 2022 Article PeerReviewed Philip, Noraini and Priya, Sivan Padma and Jumah Badawi, Ahmad Hussein and Mohd Izhar, Mohd Hafidz and Mohtarrudin, Norhafizah and Tengku Ibrahim, Tengku Azmi and Sekawi, Zamberi and Neela, Vasantha Kumari (2022) Pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 16 (5). art. no. e0010409. pp. 1-28. ISSN 1935-2727; ESSN: 1935-2735 https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0010409 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010409
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description Background Severe leptospirosis is challenging as it could evolve rapidly and potentially fatal if appropri-ate management is not performed. An understanding of the progression and pathophysiology of Leptospira infection is important to determine the early changes that could be potentially used to predict the severe occurrence of leptospirosis. This study aimed to understand the kinetics pathogenesis of Leptospira interrogans strain HP358 in the hamster model and iden-tify the early parameters that could be used as biomarkers to predict severe leptospirosis. Methodology/Principal findings Male Syrian hamsters were infected with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358 and eutha-nized after 24 hours, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days post-infection. Blood, lungs, liver and kidneys were collected for leptospiral detection, haematology, serum biochemistry and differential expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory markers. Macroscopic and microscopic organ damages were investigated. Leptospira interrogans strain HP358 was highly pathogenic and killed hamsters within 6–7 days post-infection. Pulmonary haemorrhage and blood ves-sel congestion in organs were noticed as the earliest pathological changes. The damages in organs and changes in biochemistry value were preceded by changes in haematology and immune gene expression. Conclusion/Significance This study deciphered haemorrhage as the earliest manifestation of severe leptospirosis and high levels of IL-1β, CXCL10/IP-10, CCL3/MIP-α, neutrophils and low levels of lymphocytes and platelets serve as a cumulative panel of biomarkers in severe leptospirosis.
format Article
author Philip, Noraini
Priya, Sivan Padma
Jumah Badawi, Ahmad Hussein
Mohd Izhar, Mohd Hafidz
Mohtarrudin, Norhafizah
Tengku Ibrahim, Tengku Azmi
Sekawi, Zamberi
Neela, Vasantha Kumari
spellingShingle Philip, Noraini
Priya, Sivan Padma
Jumah Badawi, Ahmad Hussein
Mohd Izhar, Mohd Hafidz
Mohtarrudin, Norhafizah
Tengku Ibrahim, Tengku Azmi
Sekawi, Zamberi
Neela, Vasantha Kumari
Pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358
author_facet Philip, Noraini
Priya, Sivan Padma
Jumah Badawi, Ahmad Hussein
Mohd Izhar, Mohd Hafidz
Mohtarrudin, Norhafizah
Tengku Ibrahim, Tengku Azmi
Sekawi, Zamberi
Neela, Vasantha Kumari
author_sort Philip, Noraini
title Pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358
title_short Pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358
title_full Pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358
title_fullStr Pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358
title_full_unstemmed Pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with Leptospira interrogans strain HP358
title_sort pulmonary haemorrhage as the earliest sign of severe leptospirosis in hamster model challenged with leptospira interrogans strain hp358
publisher Public Library of Science
publishDate 2022
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102955/
https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0010409
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score 13.211869

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