Staff View: In vitro growth inhibition, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and S and G2/M phase arrest in breast cancer cells induced by fluorine-incorporated gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]

In vitro growth inhibition, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and S and G2/M phase arrest in breast cancer cells induced by fluorine-incorporated gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]

Gold-based anticancer compounds have been attracting increasing research interest due to their ability to kill cancer cells resistant to platinum-based compounds. Gold I- and gold III-based complexes have shown satisfactory anticancer activities. In this study, two new fluorine-incorporated gold (I)...

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Main Authors:	Richard Ming, Chuan Yu, Selvarajah, Gayathri Thevi, Geok, Chin Tan, Yoke, Kqueen Cheah
Format:	Article
Published:	Hindawi 2022
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102002/ https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijbc/2022/7168210/
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spelling	my.upm.eprints.1020022024-03-12T06:22:28Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102002/ In vitro growth inhibition, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and S and G2/M phase arrest in breast cancer cells induced by fluorine-incorporated gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3] Richard Ming, Chuan Yu Selvarajah, Gayathri Thevi Geok, Chin Tan Yoke, Kqueen Cheah Gold-based anticancer compounds have been attracting increasing research interest due to their ability to kill cancer cells resistant to platinum-based compounds. Gold I- and gold III-based complexes have shown satisfactory anticancer activities. In this study, two new fluorine-incorporated gold (I) compounds such as Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3] and DPPFeAu2[(SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3)]2 were evaluated for their in vitro activities against human breast cancer cell lines, primary breast cancer cells, and breast cancer stem cells (parental breast cancer stem cells, BCSC-P, and breast cancer stem cells, BCSC). Assays for growth inhibition and cytotoxicity, including real-time cell analysis, were carried out to screen effective antibreast cancer compounds. In addition, further in vitro assays such as apoptosis, caspase 3/7 activity, and cell cycle analysis were performed to observe the action and mechanism of killing breast cancer cells by the selected gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]. The gold (I) compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3], showed low toxicity to H9c2 normal cells and significant growth inhibition in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, primary breast cancer cells, and breast cancer stem cells (BCSC-P and BCSC). The IC50 doses of the gold (I) compound Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3] against the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 were approximately 6-fold lower than that of cisplatin (cis-diamineplatinum (II) dichloride, CDDP). Moreover, the compound Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3] induced caspase 3/7-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S and G2/M phases. Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3], a gold (I) compound incorporated with fluorine, is a potential candidate for the treatment of breast cancer. Hindawi 2022 Article PeerReviewed Richard Ming, Chuan Yu and Selvarajah, Gayathri Thevi and Geok, Chin Tan and Yoke, Kqueen Cheah (2022) In vitro growth inhibition, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and S and G2/M phase arrest in breast cancer cells induced by fluorine-incorporated gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]. International Journal of Breast Cancer, 2022 (7168210). pp. 1-18. ISSN 2090-3170; ESSN: 2090-3189 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijbc/2022/7168210/ 10.1155/2022/7168210
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
building	UPM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source	UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description	Gold-based anticancer compounds have been attracting increasing research interest due to their ability to kill cancer cells resistant to platinum-based compounds. Gold I- and gold III-based complexes have shown satisfactory anticancer activities. In this study, two new fluorine-incorporated gold (I) compounds such as Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3] and DPPFeAu2[(SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3)]2 were evaluated for their in vitro activities against human breast cancer cell lines, primary breast cancer cells, and breast cancer stem cells (parental breast cancer stem cells, BCSC-P, and breast cancer stem cells, BCSC). Assays for growth inhibition and cytotoxicity, including real-time cell analysis, were carried out to screen effective antibreast cancer compounds. In addition, further in vitro assays such as apoptosis, caspase 3/7 activity, and cell cycle analysis were performed to observe the action and mechanism of killing breast cancer cells by the selected gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]. The gold (I) compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3], showed low toxicity to H9c2 normal cells and significant growth inhibition in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, primary breast cancer cells, and breast cancer stem cells (BCSC-P and BCSC). The IC50 doses of the gold (I) compound Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3] against the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 were approximately 6-fold lower than that of cisplatin (cis-diamineplatinum (II) dichloride, CDDP). Moreover, the compound Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3] induced caspase 3/7-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S and G2/M phases. Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3], a gold (I) compound incorporated with fluorine, is a potential candidate for the treatment of breast cancer.
format	Article
author	Richard Ming, Chuan Yu Selvarajah, Gayathri Thevi Geok, Chin Tan Yoke, Kqueen Cheah
spellingShingle	Richard Ming, Chuan Yu Selvarajah, Gayathri Thevi Geok, Chin Tan Yoke, Kqueen Cheah In vitro growth inhibition, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and S and G2/M phase arrest in breast cancer cells induced by fluorine-incorporated gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]
author_facet	Richard Ming, Chuan Yu Selvarajah, Gayathri Thevi Geok, Chin Tan Yoke, Kqueen Cheah
author_sort	Richard Ming, Chuan Yu
title	In vitro growth inhibition, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and S and G2/M phase arrest in breast cancer cells induced by fluorine-incorporated gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]
title_short	In vitro growth inhibition, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and S and G2/M phase arrest in breast cancer cells induced by fluorine-incorporated gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]
title_full	In vitro growth inhibition, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and S and G2/M phase arrest in breast cancer cells induced by fluorine-incorporated gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]
title_fullStr	In vitro growth inhibition, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and S and G2/M phase arrest in breast cancer cells induced by fluorine-incorporated gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]
title_full_unstemmed	In vitro growth inhibition, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and S and G2/M phase arrest in breast cancer cells induced by fluorine-incorporated gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]
title_sort	in vitro growth inhibition, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and s and g2/m phase arrest in breast cancer cells induced by fluorine-incorporated gold i compound, ph3pau[sc(ome)=nc6h4f-3]
publisher	Hindawi
publishDate	2022
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102002/ https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijbc/2022/7168210/
_version_	1794564334934818816
score	13.211869

In vitro growth inhibition, caspase-dependent apoptosis, and S and G2/M phase arrest in breast cancer cells induced by fluorine-incorporated gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]

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