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Incorporation of transgenic microalgae harboring vaccines into feed to improve the efficacy of oral vaccination: a review

The aquaculture industry has been rapidly progressive and is contributing to economic growth in many countries worldwide. However, one of the factors that is affecting the aquaculture industry are diseases caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The utilization of antibi...

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Main Authors: Noorhisham, Nor Izzati Husna, Balia Yusof, Zetty Norhana
Format: Article
Published: Penerbit UTM Press 2022
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101835/
https://mjfas.utm.my/index.php/mjfas/article/view/2645
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1018352024-02-29T07:12:24Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101835/ Incorporation of transgenic microalgae harboring vaccines into feed to improve the efficacy of oral vaccination: a review Noorhisham, Nor Izzati Husna Balia Yusof, Zetty Norhana The aquaculture industry has been rapidly progressive and is contributing to economic growth in many countries worldwide. However, one of the factors that is affecting the aquaculture industry are diseases caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The utilization of antibiotics has been one of the measures taken in controlling fish diseases. However, continuous treatment with antibiotics for a long period of time will lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant pathogens which can cause harm to the well-being of humans, animals, and the environment as well. An alternative method in combating fish diseases is through vaccination. Vaccination for fish is commonly done by injection and is known to be very effective in protecting fishes from various ailments. However, this method is labour intensive, costly, stressful to the fish and not suitable for juvenile fish. Therefore, other methods are necessary to be performed for vaccinating the fish. This review aims to demonstrate effective methods of delivering vaccine to the fish using transgenic microalgae, specifically via oral vaccination. This review article summarizes the challenges faced in the aquaculture industry which could be mitigated via improved vaccination procedures. In addition to that, the potentials of incorporating transgenic microalgae whole cells into fish feed formulation as an alternative method of disease control is also outlined. Penerbit UTM Press 2022-12-15 Article PeerReviewed Noorhisham, Nor Izzati Husna and Balia Yusof, Zetty Norhana (2022) Incorporation of transgenic microalgae harboring vaccines into feed to improve the efficacy of oral vaccination: a review. Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 18 (5). 592 - 602. ISSN 2289-599X https://mjfas.utm.my/index.php/mjfas/article/view/2645 10.11113/mjfas.v18n5.2645
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description The aquaculture industry has been rapidly progressive and is contributing to economic growth in many countries worldwide. However, one of the factors that is affecting the aquaculture industry are diseases caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The utilization of antibiotics has been one of the measures taken in controlling fish diseases. However, continuous treatment with antibiotics for a long period of time will lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant pathogens which can cause harm to the well-being of humans, animals, and the environment as well. An alternative method in combating fish diseases is through vaccination. Vaccination for fish is commonly done by injection and is known to be very effective in protecting fishes from various ailments. However, this method is labour intensive, costly, stressful to the fish and not suitable for juvenile fish. Therefore, other methods are necessary to be performed for vaccinating the fish. This review aims to demonstrate effective methods of delivering vaccine to the fish using transgenic microalgae, specifically via oral vaccination. This review article summarizes the challenges faced in the aquaculture industry which could be mitigated via improved vaccination procedures. In addition to that, the potentials of incorporating transgenic microalgae whole cells into fish feed formulation as an alternative method of disease control is also outlined.
format Article
author Noorhisham, Nor Izzati Husna
Balia Yusof, Zetty Norhana
spellingShingle Noorhisham, Nor Izzati Husna
Balia Yusof, Zetty Norhana
Incorporation of transgenic microalgae harboring vaccines into feed to improve the efficacy of oral vaccination: a review
author_facet Noorhisham, Nor Izzati Husna
Balia Yusof, Zetty Norhana
author_sort Noorhisham, Nor Izzati Husna
title Incorporation of transgenic microalgae harboring vaccines into feed to improve the efficacy of oral vaccination: a review
title_short Incorporation of transgenic microalgae harboring vaccines into feed to improve the efficacy of oral vaccination: a review
title_full Incorporation of transgenic microalgae harboring vaccines into feed to improve the efficacy of oral vaccination: a review
title_fullStr Incorporation of transgenic microalgae harboring vaccines into feed to improve the efficacy of oral vaccination: a review
title_full_unstemmed Incorporation of transgenic microalgae harboring vaccines into feed to improve the efficacy of oral vaccination: a review
title_sort incorporation of transgenic microalgae harboring vaccines into feed to improve the efficacy of oral vaccination: a review
publisher Penerbit UTM Press
publishDate 2022
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101835/
https://mjfas.utm.my/index.php/mjfas/article/view/2645
_version_ 1793156970500325376
score 13.211869

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