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High-energy ball milling for high productivity of nanobiochar from oil palm biomass

The current production method of nanobiochar (NBC), an emerging, environmentally friendly nanocarbon material, is tedious and lengthy. Therefore, in this study we aimed to improve the productivity of NBC via high-energy ball milling by manipulating the grinding media and processing time. The particl...

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Main Authors: Ng, Lawrence Yee Foong, Ariffin, Hidayah, Tengku Yasim Anuar, Tengku Arisyah, Ahmad Farid, Mohammed Abdillah, Hassan, Mohd Ali
Format: Article
Published: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2022
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101705/
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/18/3251
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spelling my.upm.eprints.1017052023-06-16T20:31:14Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101705/ High-energy ball milling for high productivity of nanobiochar from oil palm biomass Ng, Lawrence Yee Foong Ariffin, Hidayah Tengku Yasim Anuar, Tengku Arisyah Ahmad Farid, Mohammed Abdillah Hassan, Mohd Ali The current production method of nanobiochar (NBC), an emerging, environmentally friendly nanocarbon material, is tedious and lengthy. Therefore, in this study we aimed to improve the productivity of NBC via high-energy ball milling by manipulating the grinding media and processing time. The particle size distribution of the resulting NBC measured using dynamic light scattering showed that grinding media with steel balls of different sizes were more effective at producing NBC than small uniform steel balls, which failed to produce NBC even after 90 min of milling. Average NBC particles of around 95 nm were achieved after only 30 min of ball milling, and the size was further reduced to about 30 nm when the milling was prolonged to 150 min. Further prolonging the milling duration led to agglomeration, which increased the size of the biochar nanoparticles. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data showed that the duration of milling and particle size did not cause noticeable differences in the thermal stability of the NBC. Based on the FTIR analysis, the chemical structure of the NBC was not affected by the ball milling. The results showed that 60 min of high-energy ball milling is sufficient to produce NBC particles of 75 nm, with a large surface area and high thermal stability. This could prove beneficial in a myriad of applications, ranging from agriculture to composite fabrication. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2022-09-19 Article PeerReviewed Ng, Lawrence Yee Foong and Ariffin, Hidayah and Tengku Yasim Anuar, Tengku Arisyah and Ahmad Farid, Mohammed Abdillah and Hassan, Mohd Ali (2022) High-energy ball milling for high productivity of nanobiochar from oil palm biomass. Nanomaterials, 12 (18). art. no. 3251. pp. 1-11. ISSN 2079-4991 https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/18/3251 10.3390/nano12183251
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
building UPM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description The current production method of nanobiochar (NBC), an emerging, environmentally friendly nanocarbon material, is tedious and lengthy. Therefore, in this study we aimed to improve the productivity of NBC via high-energy ball milling by manipulating the grinding media and processing time. The particle size distribution of the resulting NBC measured using dynamic light scattering showed that grinding media with steel balls of different sizes were more effective at producing NBC than small uniform steel balls, which failed to produce NBC even after 90 min of milling. Average NBC particles of around 95 nm were achieved after only 30 min of ball milling, and the size was further reduced to about 30 nm when the milling was prolonged to 150 min. Further prolonging the milling duration led to agglomeration, which increased the size of the biochar nanoparticles. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data showed that the duration of milling and particle size did not cause noticeable differences in the thermal stability of the NBC. Based on the FTIR analysis, the chemical structure of the NBC was not affected by the ball milling. The results showed that 60 min of high-energy ball milling is sufficient to produce NBC particles of 75 nm, with a large surface area and high thermal stability. This could prove beneficial in a myriad of applications, ranging from agriculture to composite fabrication.
format Article
author Ng, Lawrence Yee Foong
Ariffin, Hidayah
Tengku Yasim Anuar, Tengku Arisyah
Ahmad Farid, Mohammed Abdillah
Hassan, Mohd Ali
spellingShingle Ng, Lawrence Yee Foong
Ariffin, Hidayah
Tengku Yasim Anuar, Tengku Arisyah
Ahmad Farid, Mohammed Abdillah
Hassan, Mohd Ali
High-energy ball milling for high productivity of nanobiochar from oil palm biomass
author_facet Ng, Lawrence Yee Foong
Ariffin, Hidayah
Tengku Yasim Anuar, Tengku Arisyah
Ahmad Farid, Mohammed Abdillah
Hassan, Mohd Ali
author_sort Ng, Lawrence Yee Foong
title High-energy ball milling for high productivity of nanobiochar from oil palm biomass
title_short High-energy ball milling for high productivity of nanobiochar from oil palm biomass
title_full High-energy ball milling for high productivity of nanobiochar from oil palm biomass
title_fullStr High-energy ball milling for high productivity of nanobiochar from oil palm biomass
title_full_unstemmed High-energy ball milling for high productivity of nanobiochar from oil palm biomass
title_sort high-energy ball milling for high productivity of nanobiochar from oil palm biomass
publisher Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
publishDate 2022
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101705/
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/18/3251
_version_ 1769844420963729408
score 13.211869

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