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Association of smoking and severity of COVID-19 infection among 5,889 patients in Malaysia: a multi-center observational study

Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between smoking and the severity of COVID-19 infection during the initial wave of this pandemic in Malaysia. Methods: This is a multi-center observational study using secondary hospital data collected retrospectively from February 1, 2020, u...

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Main Authors:	Ismail, Norliana, Hassan, Noraryana, Abd Hamid, Muhammad Hairul Nizam, Yusoff, Ummi Nadiah, Khamal, Noor Raihan, Omar, Mohd Azahadi, Xin, Ci Wong, Pathmanathan, Mohan Dass, Mohd Zin, Shahanizan, Muhammad Zin, Faizah, Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki, Mohd Nor, Norashidah
Format:	Article
Published:	Elsevier 2022
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/100428/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971222000121
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id	my.upm.eprints.100428
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spelling	my.upm.eprints.1004282023-12-15T23:13:21Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/100428/ Association of smoking and severity of COVID-19 infection among 5,889 patients in Malaysia: a multi-center observational study Ismail, Norliana Hassan, Noraryana Abd Hamid, Muhammad Hairul Nizam Yusoff, Ummi Nadiah Khamal, Noor Raihan Omar, Mohd Azahadi Xin, Ci Wong Pathmanathan, Mohan Dass Mohd Zin, Shahanizan Muhammad Zin, Faizah Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Mohd Nor, Norashidah Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between smoking and the severity of COVID-19 infection during the initial wave of this pandemic in Malaysia. Methods: This is a multi-center observational study using secondary hospital data collected retrospectively from February 1, 2020, until May 30, 2020. Clinical records of all real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 cases with smoking status, co-morbidities, clinical features, and disease management were retrieved. Severity was assessed by the presence of complications and outcomes of COVID-19 infection. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between COVID-19 disease severity and smoking status. Results: A total of 5,889 COVID-19 cases were included in the analysis. Ever smokers had a higher risk of having COVID-19 complications, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (odds ratio [OR] 1.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-2.55), renal injury (OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.10-2.14), and acute liver injury (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.01-1.74), compared with never smokers. However, in terms of disease outcomes, there were no differences between the two groups. Conclusion: Although no significant association was found in terms of disease outcomes, smoking is associated with a higher risk of having complications owing to COVID-19 infection. Elsevier 2022-03 Article PeerReviewed Ismail, Norliana and Hassan, Noraryana and Abd Hamid, Muhammad Hairul Nizam and Yusoff, Ummi Nadiah and Khamal, Noor Raihan and Omar, Mohd Azahadi and Xin, Ci Wong and Pathmanathan, Mohan Dass and Mohd Zin, Shahanizan and Muhammad Zin, Faizah and Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki and Mohd Nor, Norashidah (2022) Association of smoking and severity of COVID-19 infection among 5,889 patients in Malaysia: a multi-center observational study. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 116. pp. 189-196. ISSN 1201-9712 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971222000121 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.01.011
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
building	UPM Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source	UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description	Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between smoking and the severity of COVID-19 infection during the initial wave of this pandemic in Malaysia. Methods: This is a multi-center observational study using secondary hospital data collected retrospectively from February 1, 2020, until May 30, 2020. Clinical records of all real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 cases with smoking status, co-morbidities, clinical features, and disease management were retrieved. Severity was assessed by the presence of complications and outcomes of COVID-19 infection. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between COVID-19 disease severity and smoking status. Results: A total of 5,889 COVID-19 cases were included in the analysis. Ever smokers had a higher risk of having COVID-19 complications, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (odds ratio [OR] 1.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-2.55), renal injury (OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.10-2.14), and acute liver injury (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.01-1.74), compared with never smokers. However, in terms of disease outcomes, there were no differences between the two groups. Conclusion: Although no significant association was found in terms of disease outcomes, smoking is associated with a higher risk of having complications owing to COVID-19 infection.
format	Article
author	Ismail, Norliana Hassan, Noraryana Abd Hamid, Muhammad Hairul Nizam Yusoff, Ummi Nadiah Khamal, Noor Raihan Omar, Mohd Azahadi Xin, Ci Wong Pathmanathan, Mohan Dass Mohd Zin, Shahanizan Muhammad Zin, Faizah Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Mohd Nor, Norashidah
spellingShingle	Ismail, Norliana Hassan, Noraryana Abd Hamid, Muhammad Hairul Nizam Yusoff, Ummi Nadiah Khamal, Noor Raihan Omar, Mohd Azahadi Xin, Ci Wong Pathmanathan, Mohan Dass Mohd Zin, Shahanizan Muhammad Zin, Faizah Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Mohd Nor, Norashidah Association of smoking and severity of COVID-19 infection among 5,889 patients in Malaysia: a multi-center observational study
author_facet	Ismail, Norliana Hassan, Noraryana Abd Hamid, Muhammad Hairul Nizam Yusoff, Ummi Nadiah Khamal, Noor Raihan Omar, Mohd Azahadi Xin, Ci Wong Pathmanathan, Mohan Dass Mohd Zin, Shahanizan Muhammad Zin, Faizah Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Mohd Nor, Norashidah
author_sort	Ismail, Norliana
title	Association of smoking and severity of COVID-19 infection among 5,889 patients in Malaysia: a multi-center observational study
title_short	Association of smoking and severity of COVID-19 infection among 5,889 patients in Malaysia: a multi-center observational study
title_full	Association of smoking and severity of COVID-19 infection among 5,889 patients in Malaysia: a multi-center observational study
title_fullStr	Association of smoking and severity of COVID-19 infection among 5,889 patients in Malaysia: a multi-center observational study
title_full_unstemmed	Association of smoking and severity of COVID-19 infection among 5,889 patients in Malaysia: a multi-center observational study
title_sort	association of smoking and severity of covid-19 infection among 5,889 patients in malaysia: a multi-center observational study
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2022
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/100428/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971222000121
_version_	1787137205496446976
score	13.211869

Association of smoking and severity of COVID-19 infection among 5,889 patients in Malaysia: a multi-center observational study

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