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Investigating Mechanical Properties of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Concrete Optimized with Wastepaper Ash and Plastic Granules

This study develops an environmentally friendly geopolymer concrete (GPC) using wastepaper ash (WPA) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) granules, addressing environmental challenges such as wastepaper and HDPE disposal and CO2 emissions from cement production. WPA was produced by incinerating wast...

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Main Authors: Khaleel Midhin M.A., Wong L.S.
Other Authors: 59533256300
Format: Article
Published: Salehan Institute of Higher Education 2025
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spelling my.uniten.dspace-368382025-03-03T15:45:04Z Investigating Mechanical Properties of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Concrete Optimized with Wastepaper Ash and Plastic Granules Khaleel Midhin M.A. Wong L.S. 59533256300 55504782500 This study develops an environmentally friendly geopolymer concrete (GPC) using wastepaper ash (WPA) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) granules, addressing environmental challenges such as wastepaper and HDPE disposal and CO2 emissions from cement production. WPA was produced by incinerating wastepaper at 550 �C for one hour and used as a partial replacement for MK in ratios of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 100%, while HDPE granules replaced river sand in ratios from 1% to 5%. The results showed that the use of 30% WPA resulted in a compressive strength (CS) of 35.38 MPa, which was significantly higher than the control sample's CS of 31.62 MPa. The use of 30% WPA increased slump due to lower water demand. The combination of 3% HDPE and 30% WPA further enhanced the mechanical properties, resulting in a CS of 36.54 MPa, representing a 15.5% increase over the control. However, the addition of 3% HDPE and 30% WPA reduced the slump, attributed to the increased friction from the HDPE granules. Advanced analyses, including SEM, EDX, and XRD, confirmed a refined pore structure and increased geopolymerization in the treated GPC. It is novel to optimize WPA and HDPE as waste products in the production of MK-based GPC. ? 2024 by the authors. Licensee C.E.J, Tehran, Iran. Final 2025-03-03T07:45:04Z 2025-03-03T07:45:04Z 2024 Article 10.28991/CEJ-SP2024-010-011 2-s2.0-85216381679 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85216381679&doi=10.28991%2fCEJ-SP2024-010-011&partnerID=40&md5=4e3da69413018c3762d1dbe8d2b76283 https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/36838 10 Special Issue 209 234 All Open Access; Gold Open Access Salehan Institute of Higher Education Scopus
institution Universiti Tenaga Nasional
building UNITEN Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Tenaga Nasional
content_source UNITEN Institutional Repository
url_provider http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/
description This study develops an environmentally friendly geopolymer concrete (GPC) using wastepaper ash (WPA) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) granules, addressing environmental challenges such as wastepaper and HDPE disposal and CO2 emissions from cement production. WPA was produced by incinerating wastepaper at 550 �C for one hour and used as a partial replacement for MK in ratios of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 100%, while HDPE granules replaced river sand in ratios from 1% to 5%. The results showed that the use of 30% WPA resulted in a compressive strength (CS) of 35.38 MPa, which was significantly higher than the control sample's CS of 31.62 MPa. The use of 30% WPA increased slump due to lower water demand. The combination of 3% HDPE and 30% WPA further enhanced the mechanical properties, resulting in a CS of 36.54 MPa, representing a 15.5% increase over the control. However, the addition of 3% HDPE and 30% WPA reduced the slump, attributed to the increased friction from the HDPE granules. Advanced analyses, including SEM, EDX, and XRD, confirmed a refined pore structure and increased geopolymerization in the treated GPC. It is novel to optimize WPA and HDPE as waste products in the production of MK-based GPC. ? 2024 by the authors. Licensee C.E.J, Tehran, Iran.
author2 59533256300
author_facet 59533256300
Khaleel Midhin M.A.
Wong L.S.
format Article
author Khaleel Midhin M.A.
Wong L.S.
spellingShingle Khaleel Midhin M.A.
Wong L.S.
Investigating Mechanical Properties of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Concrete Optimized with Wastepaper Ash and Plastic Granules
author_sort Khaleel Midhin M.A.
title Investigating Mechanical Properties of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Concrete Optimized with Wastepaper Ash and Plastic Granules
title_short Investigating Mechanical Properties of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Concrete Optimized with Wastepaper Ash and Plastic Granules
title_full Investigating Mechanical Properties of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Concrete Optimized with Wastepaper Ash and Plastic Granules
title_fullStr Investigating Mechanical Properties of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Concrete Optimized with Wastepaper Ash and Plastic Granules
title_full_unstemmed Investigating Mechanical Properties of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Concrete Optimized with Wastepaper Ash and Plastic Granules
title_sort investigating mechanical properties of metakaolin-based geopolymer concrete optimized with wastepaper ash and plastic granules
publisher Salehan Institute of Higher Education
publishDate 2025
_version_ 1825816147660898304
score 13.244413

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