Perspectives on cultivation and harvesting technologies of microalgae, towards environmental sustainability and life cycle analysis
The development of algae is seen as a potential and ecologically sound approach to address the increasing demands in multiple sectors. However, successful implementation of processes is highly dependent on effective growing and harvesting methods. The present study provides a complete examination of...
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my.uniten.dspace-367582025-03-03T15:44:27Z Perspectives on cultivation and harvesting technologies of microalgae, towards environmental sustainability and life cycle analysis Soudagar M.E.M. Kiong T.S. Jathar L. Nik Ghazali N.N. Ramesh S. Awasarmol U. Ong H.C. 57194384501 57216824752 57218476565 55444121800 41061958200 56613474000 55310784800 Animals Biofuels Biomass Life Cycle Stages Microalgae Photobioreactors Algae Carbon dioxide Coagulation Cultivation Environmental technology Lakes Life cycle Microfiltration Microorganisms Photobioreactors Sustainable development carbon dioxide biofuel Cell biomass Contemporary techniques Environmental sustainability Essential elements Harvesting Harvesting methods Life cycle analysis Micro-algae Photobiore-actor Raceway pond biomass cultivation life cycle analysis membrane sedimentation sustainability alga Article biomass cell separation centrifugation deforestation dewatering electrocoagulation environmental impact environmental sustainability filtration flocculation harvesting life cycle life cycle assessment methane emission microalga nonhuman pond recycling runoff sedimentation wastewater animal life cycle stage Hybrid systems The development of algae is seen as a potential and ecologically sound approach to address the increasing demands in multiple sectors. However, successful implementation of processes is highly dependent on effective growing and harvesting methods. The present study provides a complete examination of contemporary techniques employed in the production and harvesting of algae, with a particular emphasis on their sustainability. The review begins by examining several culture strategies, encompassing open ponds, closed photobioreactors, and raceway ponds. The analysis of each method is conducted in a systematic manner, with a particular focus on highlighting their advantages, limitations, and potential for expansion. This approach ensures that the conversation is in line with the objectives of sustainability. Moreover, this study explores essential elements of algae harvesting, including the processes of cell separation, dewatering, and biomass extraction. Traditional methods such as centrifugation, filtration, and sedimentation are examined in conjunction with novel, environmentally concerned strategies including flocculation, electro-coagulation, and membrane filtration. It evaluates the impacts on the environment that are caused by the cultivation process, including the usage of water and land, the use of energy, the production of carbon dioxide, and the runoff of nutrients. Furthermore, this study presents a thorough examination of the current body of research pertaining to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) studies, presenting a perspective that emphasizes sustainability in the context of algae harvesting systems. In conclusion, the analysis ends up with an examination ahead at potential areas for future study in the cultivation and harvesting of algae. This review is an essential guide for scientists, policymakers, and industry experts associated with the advancement and implementation of algae-based technologies. ? 2024 Elsevier Ltd Final 2025-03-03T07:44:27Z 2025-03-03T07:44:27Z 2024 Article 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141540 2-s2.0-85187222495 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85187222495&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemosphere.2024.141540&partnerID=40&md5=5058d11e44dac3800db132287c8cbc5a https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/36758 353 141540 Elsevier Ltd Scopus |
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Animals Biofuels Biomass Life Cycle Stages Microalgae Photobioreactors Algae Carbon dioxide Coagulation Cultivation Environmental technology Lakes Life cycle Microfiltration Microorganisms Photobioreactors Sustainable development carbon dioxide biofuel Cell biomass Contemporary techniques Environmental sustainability Essential elements Harvesting Harvesting methods Life cycle analysis Micro-algae Photobiore-actor Raceway pond biomass cultivation life cycle analysis membrane sedimentation sustainability alga Article biomass cell separation centrifugation deforestation dewatering electrocoagulation environmental impact environmental sustainability filtration flocculation harvesting life cycle life cycle assessment methane emission microalga nonhuman pond recycling runoff sedimentation wastewater animal life cycle stage Hybrid systems |
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Animals Biofuels Biomass Life Cycle Stages Microalgae Photobioreactors Algae Carbon dioxide Coagulation Cultivation Environmental technology Lakes Life cycle Microfiltration Microorganisms Photobioreactors Sustainable development carbon dioxide biofuel Cell biomass Contemporary techniques Environmental sustainability Essential elements Harvesting Harvesting methods Life cycle analysis Micro-algae Photobiore-actor Raceway pond biomass cultivation life cycle analysis membrane sedimentation sustainability alga Article biomass cell separation centrifugation deforestation dewatering electrocoagulation environmental impact environmental sustainability filtration flocculation harvesting life cycle life cycle assessment methane emission microalga nonhuman pond recycling runoff sedimentation wastewater animal life cycle stage Hybrid systems Soudagar M.E.M. Kiong T.S. Jathar L. Nik Ghazali N.N. Ramesh S. Awasarmol U. Ong H.C. Perspectives on cultivation and harvesting technologies of microalgae, towards environmental sustainability and life cycle analysis |
| description |
The development of algae is seen as a potential and ecologically sound approach to address the increasing demands in multiple sectors. However, successful implementation of processes is highly dependent on effective growing and harvesting methods. The present study provides a complete examination of contemporary techniques employed in the production and harvesting of algae, with a particular emphasis on their sustainability. The review begins by examining several culture strategies, encompassing open ponds, closed photobioreactors, and raceway ponds. The analysis of each method is conducted in a systematic manner, with a particular focus on highlighting their advantages, limitations, and potential for expansion. This approach ensures that the conversation is in line with the objectives of sustainability. Moreover, this study explores essential elements of algae harvesting, including the processes of cell separation, dewatering, and biomass extraction. Traditional methods such as centrifugation, filtration, and sedimentation are examined in conjunction with novel, environmentally concerned strategies including flocculation, electro-coagulation, and membrane filtration. It evaluates the impacts on the environment that are caused by the cultivation process, including the usage of water and land, the use of energy, the production of carbon dioxide, and the runoff of nutrients. Furthermore, this study presents a thorough examination of the current body of research pertaining to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) studies, presenting a perspective that emphasizes sustainability in the context of algae harvesting systems. In conclusion, the analysis ends up with an examination ahead at potential areas for future study in the cultivation and harvesting of algae. This review is an essential guide for scientists, policymakers, and industry experts associated with the advancement and implementation of algae-based technologies. ? 2024 Elsevier Ltd |
| author2 |
57194384501 |
| author_facet |
57194384501 Soudagar M.E.M. Kiong T.S. Jathar L. Nik Ghazali N.N. Ramesh S. Awasarmol U. Ong H.C. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Soudagar M.E.M. Kiong T.S. Jathar L. Nik Ghazali N.N. Ramesh S. Awasarmol U. Ong H.C. |
| author_sort |
Soudagar M.E.M. |
| title |
Perspectives on cultivation and harvesting technologies of microalgae, towards environmental sustainability and life cycle analysis |
| title_short |
Perspectives on cultivation and harvesting technologies of microalgae, towards environmental sustainability and life cycle analysis |
| title_full |
Perspectives on cultivation and harvesting technologies of microalgae, towards environmental sustainability and life cycle analysis |
| title_fullStr |
Perspectives on cultivation and harvesting technologies of microalgae, towards environmental sustainability and life cycle analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Perspectives on cultivation and harvesting technologies of microalgae, towards environmental sustainability and life cycle analysis |
| title_sort |
perspectives on cultivation and harvesting technologies of microalgae, towards environmental sustainability and life cycle analysis |
| publisher |
Elsevier Ltd |
| publishDate |
2025 |
| _version_ |
1825816146773803008 |
| score |
13.244109 |