Staff View: Optimizing the deployment of LID facilities on a campus-scale and assessing the benefits of comprehensive control in Sponge City

Optimizing the deployment of LID facilities on a campus-scale and assessing the benefits of comprehensive control in Sponge City

Rapid and intense urbanization has brought a wide range of serious issues like flooding and water pollution, which have become a great concern in a lot of cities. In response to these problems, Sponge City (SPC) has emerged as a potential solution. This study utilized the Stormwater Management Model...

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Main Authors:	Zha X., Fang W., Zhu W., Wang S., Mu Y., Wang X., Luo P., Zainol M.R.R.M.A., Zawawi M.H., Chong K.L., Apip A.
Other Authors:	57226420801
Format:	Article
Published:	Elsevier B.V. 2025
Subjects:	Chemical oxygen demand Floods Rain Runoff Sewage Storm sewers Storms Water quality Comprehensive controls Development facility Flood simulation Floodings Low impact development Low impacts Sponge city Stormwater management model model Stormwater management models Water quality simulation flooding rainfall return period runoff urbanization Water pollution
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id	my.uniten.dspace-36666
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spelling	my.uniten.dspace-366662025-03-03T15:43:46Z Optimizing the deployment of LID facilities on a campus-scale and assessing the benefits of comprehensive control in Sponge City Zha X. Fang W. Zhu W. Wang S. Mu Y. Wang X. Luo P. Zainol M.R.R.M.A. Zawawi M.H. Chong K.L. Apip A. 57226420801 58141573600 55272217000 57216413210 57325457700 56086618600 42661996000 58601268100 39162217600 58695805600 58205564900 Chemical oxygen demand Floods Rain Runoff Sewage Storm sewers Storms Water quality Comprehensive controls Development facility Flood simulation Floodings Low impact development Low impacts Sponge city Stormwater management model model Stormwater management models Water quality simulation flooding rainfall return period runoff urbanization Water pollution Rapid and intense urbanization has brought a wide range of serious issues like flooding and water pollution, which have become a great concern in a lot of cities. In response to these problems, Sponge City (SPC) has emerged as a potential solution. This study utilized the Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) to simulate urban runoff and determine an optimal combination of Low Impact Development (LID) strategies for reconstructing the study area. Upon analyzing the existing rainwater drainage system and revealed that it could only meet the design return period of 2-years, and identified the vulnerable flood-prone area and the maximum overflow node. After comprehensive consideration of various factors, the sponge reconstruction scenario selected four LID facilities combination: Porous pavement, Rain garden, Sunken green belt, and Green roof. Results indicated that when P = 1-yr, 5-yr, 10-yr and 20-yr, the total runoff in the LID scenario decreased by 43.91 %, 43.93 %, 45.95 % and 47.11 %, respectively. LID facilities substantially mitigate stormwater runoff and peak flows during moderate to light rainfall events. These LID facilities prove effective in reducing pollutant concentrations (reduction rate is all over 42 %), with notable reductions in Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Suspended Solids (SS). This paper offers valuable insights that can serve as a reference for the construction or renovation of SPC, shedding light on effective strategies and considerations for managing stormwater and mitigating the impact of urbanization. ? 2024 Final 2025-03-03T07:43:46Z 2025-03-03T07:43:46Z 2024 Article 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.131189 2-s2.0-85189941874 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85189941874&doi=10.1016%2fj.jhydrol.2024.131189&partnerID=40&md5=65d7b5079b8b2262d068d6531d30e6f4 https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/36666 635 131189 Elsevier B.V. Scopus
institution	Universiti Tenaga Nasional
building	UNITEN Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Tenaga Nasional
content_source	UNITEN Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/
topic	Chemical oxygen demand Floods Rain Runoff Sewage Storm sewers Storms Water quality Comprehensive controls Development facility Flood simulation Floodings Low impact development Low impacts Sponge city Stormwater management model model Stormwater management models Water quality simulation flooding rainfall return period runoff urbanization Water pollution
spellingShingle	Chemical oxygen demand Floods Rain Runoff Sewage Storm sewers Storms Water quality Comprehensive controls Development facility Flood simulation Floodings Low impact development Low impacts Sponge city Stormwater management model model Stormwater management models Water quality simulation flooding rainfall return period runoff urbanization Water pollution Zha X. Fang W. Zhu W. Wang S. Mu Y. Wang X. Luo P. Zainol M.R.R.M.A. Zawawi M.H. Chong K.L. Apip A. Optimizing the deployment of LID facilities on a campus-scale and assessing the benefits of comprehensive control in Sponge City
description	Rapid and intense urbanization has brought a wide range of serious issues like flooding and water pollution, which have become a great concern in a lot of cities. In response to these problems, Sponge City (SPC) has emerged as a potential solution. This study utilized the Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) to simulate urban runoff and determine an optimal combination of Low Impact Development (LID) strategies for reconstructing the study area. Upon analyzing the existing rainwater drainage system and revealed that it could only meet the design return period of 2-years, and identified the vulnerable flood-prone area and the maximum overflow node. After comprehensive consideration of various factors, the sponge reconstruction scenario selected four LID facilities combination: Porous pavement, Rain garden, Sunken green belt, and Green roof. Results indicated that when P = 1-yr, 5-yr, 10-yr and 20-yr, the total runoff in the LID scenario decreased by 43.91 %, 43.93 %, 45.95 % and 47.11 %, respectively. LID facilities substantially mitigate stormwater runoff and peak flows during moderate to light rainfall events. These LID facilities prove effective in reducing pollutant concentrations (reduction rate is all over 42 %), with notable reductions in Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Suspended Solids (SS). This paper offers valuable insights that can serve as a reference for the construction or renovation of SPC, shedding light on effective strategies and considerations for managing stormwater and mitigating the impact of urbanization. ? 2024
author2	57226420801
author_facet	57226420801 Zha X. Fang W. Zhu W. Wang S. Mu Y. Wang X. Luo P. Zainol M.R.R.M.A. Zawawi M.H. Chong K.L. Apip A.
format	Article
author	Zha X. Fang W. Zhu W. Wang S. Mu Y. Wang X. Luo P. Zainol M.R.R.M.A. Zawawi M.H. Chong K.L. Apip A.
author_sort	Zha X.
title	Optimizing the deployment of LID facilities on a campus-scale and assessing the benefits of comprehensive control in Sponge City
title_short	Optimizing the deployment of LID facilities on a campus-scale and assessing the benefits of comprehensive control in Sponge City
title_full	Optimizing the deployment of LID facilities on a campus-scale and assessing the benefits of comprehensive control in Sponge City
title_fullStr	Optimizing the deployment of LID facilities on a campus-scale and assessing the benefits of comprehensive control in Sponge City
title_full_unstemmed	Optimizing the deployment of LID facilities on a campus-scale and assessing the benefits of comprehensive control in Sponge City
title_sort	optimizing the deployment of lid facilities on a campus-scale and assessing the benefits of comprehensive control in sponge city
publisher	Elsevier B.V.
publishDate	2025
_version_	1825816114372804608
score	13.244413

Optimizing the deployment of LID facilities on a campus-scale and assessing the benefits of comprehensive control in Sponge City

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