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Crystal growth, optical, photoluminescence and magnetic properties of sol-gel GdFeO3 thin film

GdFeO3 (GFO) orthoferrite is a perovskite structured material with rich physical properties. In this work, crystal growth, electronic, optical, photoluminescence (PL) and magnetic properties of sol-gel synthesized GFO thin films onto quartz substrate were investigated. The films were annealed at var...

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Main Authors:	Baqiah H., Zhang N., Awang Kechik M.M., Mohammed Al-Hada N., Kiong Tiong S., Al-Zahrani A.A., Liu J., Li Q., Xu S.
Other Authors:	55602705800
Format:	Article
Published:	Elsevier Ltd 2025
Subjects:	Annealing Crystal growth Crystallite size Energy gap Film growth Gadolinium compounds Iron compounds Magnetic properties Magnetization Morphology Nanocrystals Particle size analysis Perovskite Photoluminescence Refractive index Sol-gel process Sol-gels Substrates Surface morphology Annealing temperatures Energy bandgaps GdFeO3 thin film Optical photoluminescence Orthoferrites Sol'gel Structured materials Synthesised Thin-films Transmittance Thin films
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spelling	my.uniten.dspace-366422025-03-03T15:43:35Z Crystal growth, optical, photoluminescence and magnetic properties of sol-gel GdFeO3 thin film Baqiah H. Zhang N. Awang Kechik M.M. Mohammed Al-Hada N. Kiong Tiong S. Al-Zahrani A.A. Liu J. Li Q. Xu S. 55602705800 56997966300 18037839400 55976109600 57219799117 57211589276 56868324700 56625318600 36462172700 Annealing Crystal growth Crystallite size Energy gap Film growth Gadolinium compounds Iron compounds Magnetic properties Magnetization Morphology Nanocrystals Particle size analysis Perovskite Photoluminescence Refractive index Sol-gel process Sol-gels Substrates Surface morphology Annealing temperatures Energy bandgaps GdFeO3 thin film Optical photoluminescence Orthoferrites Sol'gel Structured materials Synthesised Thin-films Transmittance Thin films GdFeO3 (GFO) orthoferrite is a perovskite structured material with rich physical properties. In this work, crystal growth, electronic, optical, photoluminescence (PL) and magnetic properties of sol-gel synthesized GFO thin films onto quartz substrate were investigated. The films were annealed at various temperature 650?900 �C. XRD results showed transformation from an amorphous to nanocrystalline GFO and GdO secondary phase with rise of annealing temperature from 650 to 700 �C. Single phase GFO was observed in films annealed above 700 �C. Crystallite size of the films gradually increased from 10.5 to 89.9 nm for films annealed from 700 to 900 �C, respectively. The surface morphology changed from porous microstructure consisted of tiny particulates in film annealed at 700 �C into enlarged particles and clear polycrystalline structure in films annealed above 700 �C. From XPS spectra analysis, both Fe and Gd ions existed in a 3+ valence state. The films demonstrated optical band gap ranged between 2.8 and 3 eV. The PL spectra obtained using a 300 nm excitation wavelength consisted of four emission peaks. The near band edge emission of the films varied between 449.9 and 455.1 nm. The films showed weak ferromagnetic behavior with magnetization ranging from 24 to 49 emu/cm3. ? 2024 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. Final 2025-03-03T07:43:35Z 2025-03-03T07:43:35Z 2024 Article 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.01.305 2-s2.0-85183622354 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85183622354&doi=10.1016%2fj.ceramint.2024.01.305&partnerID=40&md5=737f72b42c5c9a12643207ee61ecd751 https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/36642 50 8 13892 13900 Elsevier Ltd Scopus
institution	Universiti Tenaga Nasional
building	UNITEN Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Tenaga Nasional
content_source	UNITEN Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/
topic	Annealing Crystal growth Crystallite size Energy gap Film growth Gadolinium compounds Iron compounds Magnetic properties Magnetization Morphology Nanocrystals Particle size analysis Perovskite Photoluminescence Refractive index Sol-gel process Sol-gels Substrates Surface morphology Annealing temperatures Energy bandgaps GdFeO3 thin film Optical photoluminescence Orthoferrites Sol'gel Structured materials Synthesised Thin-films Transmittance Thin films
spellingShingle	Annealing Crystal growth Crystallite size Energy gap Film growth Gadolinium compounds Iron compounds Magnetic properties Magnetization Morphology Nanocrystals Particle size analysis Perovskite Photoluminescence Refractive index Sol-gel process Sol-gels Substrates Surface morphology Annealing temperatures Energy bandgaps GdFeO3 thin film Optical photoluminescence Orthoferrites Sol'gel Structured materials Synthesised Thin-films Transmittance Thin films Baqiah H. Zhang N. Awang Kechik M.M. Mohammed Al-Hada N. Kiong Tiong S. Al-Zahrani A.A. Liu J. Li Q. Xu S. Crystal growth, optical, photoluminescence and magnetic properties of sol-gel GdFeO3 thin film
description	GdFeO3 (GFO) orthoferrite is a perovskite structured material with rich physical properties. In this work, crystal growth, electronic, optical, photoluminescence (PL) and magnetic properties of sol-gel synthesized GFO thin films onto quartz substrate were investigated. The films were annealed at various temperature 650?900 �C. XRD results showed transformation from an amorphous to nanocrystalline GFO and GdO secondary phase with rise of annealing temperature from 650 to 700 �C. Single phase GFO was observed in films annealed above 700 �C. Crystallite size of the films gradually increased from 10.5 to 89.9 nm for films annealed from 700 to 900 �C, respectively. The surface morphology changed from porous microstructure consisted of tiny particulates in film annealed at 700 �C into enlarged particles and clear polycrystalline structure in films annealed above 700 �C. From XPS spectra analysis, both Fe and Gd ions existed in a 3+ valence state. The films demonstrated optical band gap ranged between 2.8 and 3 eV. The PL spectra obtained using a 300 nm excitation wavelength consisted of four emission peaks. The near band edge emission of the films varied between 449.9 and 455.1 nm. The films showed weak ferromagnetic behavior with magnetization ranging from 24 to 49 emu/cm3. ? 2024 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.
author2	55602705800
author_facet	55602705800 Baqiah H. Zhang N. Awang Kechik M.M. Mohammed Al-Hada N. Kiong Tiong S. Al-Zahrani A.A. Liu J. Li Q. Xu S.
format	Article
author	Baqiah H. Zhang N. Awang Kechik M.M. Mohammed Al-Hada N. Kiong Tiong S. Al-Zahrani A.A. Liu J. Li Q. Xu S.
author_sort	Baqiah H.
title	Crystal growth, optical, photoluminescence and magnetic properties of sol-gel GdFeO3 thin film
title_short	Crystal growth, optical, photoluminescence and magnetic properties of sol-gel GdFeO3 thin film
title_full	Crystal growth, optical, photoluminescence and magnetic properties of sol-gel GdFeO3 thin film
title_fullStr	Crystal growth, optical, photoluminescence and magnetic properties of sol-gel GdFeO3 thin film
title_full_unstemmed	Crystal growth, optical, photoluminescence and magnetic properties of sol-gel GdFeO3 thin film
title_sort	crystal growth, optical, photoluminescence and magnetic properties of sol-gel gdfeo3 thin film
publisher	Elsevier Ltd
publishDate	2025
_version_	1825816241599676416
score	13.244413

Crystal growth, optical, photoluminescence and magnetic properties of sol-gel GdFeO3 thin film

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