Staff View: Observation of tropical positive cloud-to-ground flashes accompanied by chaotic and regular pulse trains

Observation of tropical positive cloud-to-ground flashes accompanied by chaotic and regular pulse trains

This study investigates the occurrence of chaotic pulse trains (CPTs) and regular pulse trains (RPTs) in tropical positive cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes. These flashes are categorized into four types based on the initial polarity of the initial breakdown (IB) pulses and their relationship t...

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Main Authors:	Mohammad Sabri M.H., Ahmad M.R., Takayanagi Y., Edris M.Z.B., Shamsul Baharin S.A., Morimoto T., Kawasaki Z.-I., Baharuddin M.Z., Cooray V.
Other Authors:	57200560218
Format:	Article
Published:	Elsevier Ltd 2025
Subjects:	Clouds Lightning protection Tropics Chaotic pulse Chaotic pulse train Initial breakdown pulse Positive cloud-to-ground flashes Pulse train Recoil leader Regular pulse train Return stroke Tropical thunderstorm Thunderstorms
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id	my.uniten.dspace-36461
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spelling	my.uniten.dspace-364612025-03-03T15:42:32Z Observation of tropical positive cloud-to-ground flashes accompanied by chaotic and regular pulse trains Mohammad Sabri M.H. Ahmad M.R. Takayanagi Y. Edris M.Z.B. Shamsul Baharin S.A. Morimoto T. Kawasaki Z.-I. Baharuddin M.Z. Cooray V. 57200560218 58861819300 54413056000 57189588015 57206727343 55359062800 36916954400 35329255600 7005428121 Clouds Lightning protection Tropics Chaotic pulse Chaotic pulse train Initial breakdown pulse Positive cloud-to-ground flashes Pulse train Recoil leader Regular pulse train Return stroke Tropical thunderstorm Thunderstorms This study investigates the occurrence of chaotic pulse trains (CPTs) and regular pulse trains (RPTs) in tropical positive cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes. These flashes are categorized into four types based on the initial polarity of the initial breakdown (IB) pulses and their relationship to the first return stroke (RS). A total of 71 positive CG flashes from five thunderstorm events were analyzed. The analysis reveals instances of CPTs and RPTs both before and after the first positive RS, along with the occurrence of mixed polarities in RPTs. Variations in IB pulse polarities and the presence of CPTs and RPTs before the first positive RS were observed, contrasting with previous findings in negative CG flashes. All positive CG flashes have been detected when cloud top height occurrences were between 12 and 18 km. In contrast, for negative CG flashes with CPTs and RPTs the cloud top height occurrences were between 5 and 12 km. It is interesting that CPTs and RPTs can be detected during IB process of positive CG flashes at relatively high altitude in the thundercloud. Perhaps due to low pressure at higher altitudes in the cloud, electrical process associated with CPTs and RPTs are easily discharged before the occurrence first positive return stroke. The altitudes of cloud top heights for the inverse polarity of IB pulses were located between 16 and 18 km. This research enhances the understanding of positive CG lightning initiation process and their relationship with CPTs and RPTs, as well as the occurrence of recoil leaders. ? 2024 Elsevier Ltd Final 2025-03-03T07:42:32Z 2025-03-03T07:42:32Z 2024 Article 10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106285 2-s2.0-85197039371 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85197039371&doi=10.1016%2fj.jastp.2024.106285&partnerID=40&md5=d63b52aaf7cedf5eae5c940faa6ff605 https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/36461 261 106285 Elsevier Ltd Scopus
institution	Universiti Tenaga Nasional
building	UNITEN Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Tenaga Nasional
content_source	UNITEN Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/
topic	Clouds Lightning protection Tropics Chaotic pulse Chaotic pulse train Initial breakdown pulse Positive cloud-to-ground flashes Pulse train Recoil leader Regular pulse train Return stroke Tropical thunderstorm Thunderstorms
spellingShingle	Clouds Lightning protection Tropics Chaotic pulse Chaotic pulse train Initial breakdown pulse Positive cloud-to-ground flashes Pulse train Recoil leader Regular pulse train Return stroke Tropical thunderstorm Thunderstorms Mohammad Sabri M.H. Ahmad M.R. Takayanagi Y. Edris M.Z.B. Shamsul Baharin S.A. Morimoto T. Kawasaki Z.-I. Baharuddin M.Z. Cooray V. Observation of tropical positive cloud-to-ground flashes accompanied by chaotic and regular pulse trains
description	This study investigates the occurrence of chaotic pulse trains (CPTs) and regular pulse trains (RPTs) in tropical positive cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes. These flashes are categorized into four types based on the initial polarity of the initial breakdown (IB) pulses and their relationship to the first return stroke (RS). A total of 71 positive CG flashes from five thunderstorm events were analyzed. The analysis reveals instances of CPTs and RPTs both before and after the first positive RS, along with the occurrence of mixed polarities in RPTs. Variations in IB pulse polarities and the presence of CPTs and RPTs before the first positive RS were observed, contrasting with previous findings in negative CG flashes. All positive CG flashes have been detected when cloud top height occurrences were between 12 and 18 km. In contrast, for negative CG flashes with CPTs and RPTs the cloud top height occurrences were between 5 and 12 km. It is interesting that CPTs and RPTs can be detected during IB process of positive CG flashes at relatively high altitude in the thundercloud. Perhaps due to low pressure at higher altitudes in the cloud, electrical process associated with CPTs and RPTs are easily discharged before the occurrence first positive return stroke. The altitudes of cloud top heights for the inverse polarity of IB pulses were located between 16 and 18 km. This research enhances the understanding of positive CG lightning initiation process and their relationship with CPTs and RPTs, as well as the occurrence of recoil leaders. ? 2024 Elsevier Ltd
author2	57200560218
author_facet	57200560218 Mohammad Sabri M.H. Ahmad M.R. Takayanagi Y. Edris M.Z.B. Shamsul Baharin S.A. Morimoto T. Kawasaki Z.-I. Baharuddin M.Z. Cooray V.
format	Article
author	Mohammad Sabri M.H. Ahmad M.R. Takayanagi Y. Edris M.Z.B. Shamsul Baharin S.A. Morimoto T. Kawasaki Z.-I. Baharuddin M.Z. Cooray V.
author_sort	Mohammad Sabri M.H.
title	Observation of tropical positive cloud-to-ground flashes accompanied by chaotic and regular pulse trains
title_short	Observation of tropical positive cloud-to-ground flashes accompanied by chaotic and regular pulse trains
title_full	Observation of tropical positive cloud-to-ground flashes accompanied by chaotic and regular pulse trains
title_fullStr	Observation of tropical positive cloud-to-ground flashes accompanied by chaotic and regular pulse trains
title_full_unstemmed	Observation of tropical positive cloud-to-ground flashes accompanied by chaotic and regular pulse trains
title_sort	observation of tropical positive cloud-to-ground flashes accompanied by chaotic and regular pulse trains
publisher	Elsevier Ltd
publishDate	2025
_version_	1825816273504698368
score	13.244413

Observation of tropical positive cloud-to-ground flashes accompanied by chaotic and regular pulse trains

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