Staff View: Fast and green synthesis of battery-type nickel-cobalt phosphate (NxCyP) binder-free electrode for supercapattery

Fast and green synthesis of battery-type nickel-cobalt phosphate (NxCyP) binder-free electrode for supercapattery

Binder-free electrodes are increasingly important in energy storage technologies owing to the direct growth of active material on conducting substrates without binders, providing a shorter conduction channel for rapid electron transport. Various methods have been employed to synthesize binder-free e...

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Main Authors:	Gerard O., Ramesh S., Ramesh K., Numan A., Khalid M., Tiong S.K.
Other Authors:	57477300100
Format:	Article
Published:	Elsevier B.V. 2025
Subjects:	Activation energy Battery storage Binders Green Synthesis Hydrothermal synthesis Rate constants Battery-type Binder free Binder-free electrode Direct growth Energy Energy storage technologies Green synthesis Microwave hydrothermal Nickel-cobalt phosphate Supercapattery Electrolytes
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id	my.uniten.dspace-36342
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spelling	my.uniten.dspace-363422025-03-03T15:42:00Z Fast and green synthesis of battery-type nickel-cobalt phosphate (NxCyP) binder-free electrode for supercapattery Gerard O. Ramesh S. Ramesh K. Numan A. Khalid M. Tiong S.K. 57477300100 41061958200 57220754709 57203018572 36945624700 15128307800 Activation energy Battery storage Binders Green Synthesis Hydrothermal synthesis Rate constants Battery-type Binder free Binder-free electrode Direct growth Energy Energy storage technologies Green synthesis Microwave hydrothermal Nickel-cobalt phosphate Supercapattery Electrolytes Binder-free electrodes are increasingly important in energy storage technologies owing to the direct growth of active material on conducting substrates without binders, providing a shorter conduction channel for rapid electron transport. Various methods have been employed to synthesize binder-free electrodes, but most approaches often prove time-consuming, and some require elevated synthesis temperatures. Herein, a rapid and eco-friendly microwave-hydrothermal method was introduced to fabricate the battery-type nickel?cobalt phosphate (NxCyP) binder-free electrodes for supercapattery. The use of microwave accelerates heating and reduces the activation energy of the reaction, resulting in shorter synthesis time and lower reaction temperature. The NxCyP electrodes were fabricated at different parameters, such as temperature (90?200 �C), time (5?20 min), and Ni:Co precursor ratios (4:0, 3:1, 2:2, 1:3, 0:4). The optimization study was carried out via Design Expert v13 software, and the optimized parameter was the temperature of 123.5 �C, duration of 10.5 min, and Ni:Co of 2:2, namely N2C2P binder-free electrode. The N2C2P electrode exhibited larger flake- and flower-like morphologies, providing more space for electrolyte ion diffusion and a larger surface area for faradaic reactions. Consequently, it demonstrated outstanding electrochemical performance by displaying a high specific capacity (1699.7C/g at 3 mV/s), superior capacity retention, and the lowest resistances than other NxCyP electrodes. As a result, the N2C2P//AC supercapattery was created by merging it with an activated carbon (AC) electrode, showing a superior energy density (213.0 Wh/kg) and high electrochemical stability with 92.9 % retention after 3000 cycles at 10 A/g. ? 2024 Elsevier B.V. Final 2025-03-03T07:42:00Z 2025-03-03T07:42:00Z 2024 Article 10.1016/j.cej.2024.154842 2-s2.0-85201491329 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85201491329&doi=10.1016%2fj.cej.2024.154842&partnerID=40&md5=4fef900677f0a80dbe6d3716261faeb4 https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/36342 497 154842 Elsevier B.V. Scopus
institution	Universiti Tenaga Nasional
building	UNITEN Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Tenaga Nasional
content_source	UNITEN Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/
topic	Activation energy Battery storage Binders Green Synthesis Hydrothermal synthesis Rate constants Battery-type Binder free Binder-free electrode Direct growth Energy Energy storage technologies Green synthesis Microwave hydrothermal Nickel-cobalt phosphate Supercapattery Electrolytes
spellingShingle	Activation energy Battery storage Binders Green Synthesis Hydrothermal synthesis Rate constants Battery-type Binder free Binder-free electrode Direct growth Energy Energy storage technologies Green synthesis Microwave hydrothermal Nickel-cobalt phosphate Supercapattery Electrolytes Gerard O. Ramesh S. Ramesh K. Numan A. Khalid M. Tiong S.K. Fast and green synthesis of battery-type nickel-cobalt phosphate (NxCyP) binder-free electrode for supercapattery
description	Binder-free electrodes are increasingly important in energy storage technologies owing to the direct growth of active material on conducting substrates without binders, providing a shorter conduction channel for rapid electron transport. Various methods have been employed to synthesize binder-free electrodes, but most approaches often prove time-consuming, and some require elevated synthesis temperatures. Herein, a rapid and eco-friendly microwave-hydrothermal method was introduced to fabricate the battery-type nickel?cobalt phosphate (NxCyP) binder-free electrodes for supercapattery. The use of microwave accelerates heating and reduces the activation energy of the reaction, resulting in shorter synthesis time and lower reaction temperature. The NxCyP electrodes were fabricated at different parameters, such as temperature (90?200 �C), time (5?20 min), and Ni:Co precursor ratios (4:0, 3:1, 2:2, 1:3, 0:4). The optimization study was carried out via Design Expert v13 software, and the optimized parameter was the temperature of 123.5 �C, duration of 10.5 min, and Ni:Co of 2:2, namely N2C2P binder-free electrode. The N2C2P electrode exhibited larger flake- and flower-like morphologies, providing more space for electrolyte ion diffusion and a larger surface area for faradaic reactions. Consequently, it demonstrated outstanding electrochemical performance by displaying a high specific capacity (1699.7C/g at 3 mV/s), superior capacity retention, and the lowest resistances than other NxCyP electrodes. As a result, the N2C2P//AC supercapattery was created by merging it with an activated carbon (AC) electrode, showing a superior energy density (213.0 Wh/kg) and high electrochemical stability with 92.9 % retention after 3000 cycles at 10 A/g. ? 2024 Elsevier B.V.
author2	57477300100
author_facet	57477300100 Gerard O. Ramesh S. Ramesh K. Numan A. Khalid M. Tiong S.K.
format	Article
author	Gerard O. Ramesh S. Ramesh K. Numan A. Khalid M. Tiong S.K.
author_sort	Gerard O.
title	Fast and green synthesis of battery-type nickel-cobalt phosphate (NxCyP) binder-free electrode for supercapattery
title_short	Fast and green synthesis of battery-type nickel-cobalt phosphate (NxCyP) binder-free electrode for supercapattery
title_full	Fast and green synthesis of battery-type nickel-cobalt phosphate (NxCyP) binder-free electrode for supercapattery
title_fullStr	Fast and green synthesis of battery-type nickel-cobalt phosphate (NxCyP) binder-free electrode for supercapattery
title_full_unstemmed	Fast and green synthesis of battery-type nickel-cobalt phosphate (NxCyP) binder-free electrode for supercapattery
title_sort	fast and green synthesis of battery-type nickel-cobalt phosphate (nxcyp) binder-free electrode for supercapattery
publisher	Elsevier B.V.
publishDate	2025
_version_	1825816269362823168
score	13.244413

Fast and green synthesis of battery-type nickel-cobalt phosphate (NxCyP) binder-free electrode for supercapattery

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