Temporal characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground flashes from tropical thunderstorms
The occurrence of positive cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes proves to be a challenging task when compared to the negative CG flash which common happen in tropical region. This due to the positively charged clouds to reach higher altitudes to enable the transfer of electrical charges to the Ear...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
Elsevier Ltd
2025
|
| Subjects: | |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| id |
my.uniten.dspace-36341 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
dspace |
| spelling |
my.uniten.dspace-363412025-03-03T15:42:00Z Temporal characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground flashes from tropical thunderstorms Sabri M.H.M. Ahmad M.R. Takayanagi Y. Baharin S.A.S. Morimoto T. Kawasaki Z.-I. Baharuddin M.Z. Aziz M.Z.A.A. Abdullah M. Cooray V. 57200560218 58861819300 54413056000 57206727343 55359062800 36916954400 35329255600 56586151300 7103393418 7005428121 Antennas Clouds Lightning Tropics Cloud movement activity Cloud movements Cloud-to-ground lightning Electric field mill Magnetic direct finder Positive cloud-to-ground flashes Return stroke Temporal characteristics Tropical regions Tropical thunderstorm cloud microphysics electric field lightning magnetic anomaly thunderstorm Thunderstorms The occurrence of positive cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes proves to be a challenging task when compared to the negative CG flash which common happen in tropical region. This due to the positively charged clouds to reach higher altitudes to enable the transfer of electrical charges to the Earth's surface. With several sensors that deployed in the Malacca region (2.314077�N, 102.318282�E) such as the wide band fast and slow antenna, magnetic field sensors, and the electric field mill (EFM-100). This research study focuses on the temporal characteristics of positive CG lightning activity in the tropical region during September and October 2021. A total of 203 positive cloud-to-ground flashes were meticulously analyzed in the context of 16 thunderstorm events. Key findings highlight the consistent initiation of positive cloud-to-ground flashes through initial breakdown (IB) pulses, followed by the development of stepped leaders and subsequent return strokes. Notably, most positive cloud-to-ground events (72%) were observed as single strokes and the maximum multiplicity recorded being four subsequent return strokes. Furthermore, the analysis focuses into the temporal aspects of these lightning events, revealing average durations for various parameters, including rise-time (6.26 ?s), zero-crossing (26.43 ?s), pulse duration of the first RS (139.76 ?s), and the interval from the first IB to the first return stroke (134.19 ms). Additionally, the recorded data from the Electric Field Mill (EFM) instruments together with Constant Altitude Plan Position Indicator (CAPPI) radar demonstrate a notable correlation. Specifically, the electric field (E-field) values exhibit a discernible increase when positive cloud-to-ground lightning events are detected near the lightning sensor. ? 2024 Elsevier B.V. Final 2025-03-03T07:42:00Z 2025-03-03T07:42:00Z 2024 Article 10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107549 2-s2.0-85197404316 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85197404316&doi=10.1016%2fj.atmosres.2024.107549&partnerID=40&md5=7a79faad0c7d5f134d3b97b366fe4bc8 https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/36341 309 107549 Elsevier Ltd Scopus |
| institution |
Universiti Tenaga Nasional |
| building |
UNITEN Library |
| collection |
Institutional Repository |
| continent |
Asia |
| country |
Malaysia |
| content_provider |
Universiti Tenaga Nasional |
| content_source |
UNITEN Institutional Repository |
| url_provider |
http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/ |
| topic |
Antennas Clouds Lightning Tropics Cloud movement activity Cloud movements Cloud-to-ground lightning Electric field mill Magnetic direct finder Positive cloud-to-ground flashes Return stroke Temporal characteristics Tropical regions Tropical thunderstorm cloud microphysics electric field lightning magnetic anomaly thunderstorm Thunderstorms |
| spellingShingle |
Antennas Clouds Lightning Tropics Cloud movement activity Cloud movements Cloud-to-ground lightning Electric field mill Magnetic direct finder Positive cloud-to-ground flashes Return stroke Temporal characteristics Tropical regions Tropical thunderstorm cloud microphysics electric field lightning magnetic anomaly thunderstorm Thunderstorms Sabri M.H.M. Ahmad M.R. Takayanagi Y. Baharin S.A.S. Morimoto T. Kawasaki Z.-I. Baharuddin M.Z. Aziz M.Z.A.A. Abdullah M. Cooray V. Temporal characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground flashes from tropical thunderstorms |
| description |
The occurrence of positive cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes proves to be a challenging task when compared to the negative CG flash which common happen in tropical region. This due to the positively charged clouds to reach higher altitudes to enable the transfer of electrical charges to the Earth's surface. With several sensors that deployed in the Malacca region (2.314077�N, 102.318282�E) such as the wide band fast and slow antenna, magnetic field sensors, and the electric field mill (EFM-100). This research study focuses on the temporal characteristics of positive CG lightning activity in the tropical region during September and October 2021. A total of 203 positive cloud-to-ground flashes were meticulously analyzed in the context of 16 thunderstorm events. Key findings highlight the consistent initiation of positive cloud-to-ground flashes through initial breakdown (IB) pulses, followed by the development of stepped leaders and subsequent return strokes. Notably, most positive cloud-to-ground events (72%) were observed as single strokes and the maximum multiplicity recorded being four subsequent return strokes. Furthermore, the analysis focuses into the temporal aspects of these lightning events, revealing average durations for various parameters, including rise-time (6.26 ?s), zero-crossing (26.43 ?s), pulse duration of the first RS (139.76 ?s), and the interval from the first IB to the first return stroke (134.19 ms). Additionally, the recorded data from the Electric Field Mill (EFM) instruments together with Constant Altitude Plan Position Indicator (CAPPI) radar demonstrate a notable correlation. Specifically, the electric field (E-field) values exhibit a discernible increase when positive cloud-to-ground lightning events are detected near the lightning sensor. ? 2024 Elsevier B.V. |
| author2 |
57200560218 |
| author_facet |
57200560218 Sabri M.H.M. Ahmad M.R. Takayanagi Y. Baharin S.A.S. Morimoto T. Kawasaki Z.-I. Baharuddin M.Z. Aziz M.Z.A.A. Abdullah M. Cooray V. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Sabri M.H.M. Ahmad M.R. Takayanagi Y. Baharin S.A.S. Morimoto T. Kawasaki Z.-I. Baharuddin M.Z. Aziz M.Z.A.A. Abdullah M. Cooray V. |
| author_sort |
Sabri M.H.M. |
| title |
Temporal characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground flashes from tropical thunderstorms |
| title_short |
Temporal characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground flashes from tropical thunderstorms |
| title_full |
Temporal characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground flashes from tropical thunderstorms |
| title_fullStr |
Temporal characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground flashes from tropical thunderstorms |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Temporal characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground flashes from tropical thunderstorms |
| title_sort |
temporal characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground flashes from tropical thunderstorms |
| publisher |
Elsevier Ltd |
| publishDate |
2025 |
| _version_ |
1825816225990574080 |
| score |
13.244413 |