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Synthesis of Magnetic Base Catalyst from Industrial Waste for Transesterification of Palm Oil

Biodiesel; C (programming language); Carbon dioxide; Catalyst activity; Lime; Scanning electron microscopy; Temperature programmed desorption; Transesterification; Base catalyst; Biodiesel production; Carbide lime; Carbide lime waste; Impregnation methods; Large amounts; Magnetic catalysts; Synthesi...

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Main Authors: Krishnan S.G., Pua F.-L., Lim H.-H.
Other Authors: 57190370972
Format: Article
Published: Diponegoro University 2023
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spelling my.uniten.dspace-272102023-05-29T17:41:01Z Synthesis of Magnetic Base Catalyst from Industrial Waste for Transesterification of Palm Oil Krishnan S.G. Pua F.-L. Lim H.-H. 57190370972 36024192100 57361566000 Biodiesel; C (programming language); Carbon dioxide; Catalyst activity; Lime; Scanning electron microscopy; Temperature programmed desorption; Transesterification; Base catalyst; Biodiesel production; Carbide lime; Carbide lime waste; Impregnation methods; Large amounts; Magnetic catalysts; Synthesised; Transesterifications; ]+ catalyst; Magnetism Industrial waste is produced in large amounts annually; without proper planning, the waste might cause a serious threat to the environment. Hence, an industrial waste-based heterogeneous magnetic catalyst was synthesized us-ing carbide lime waste (CLW) as raw material for biodiesel production via transesterification of palm oil. The cata-lyst was successfully synthesized by the one-step impregnation method and calcination at 600 �C. The synthesized catalyst, C-CLW/?-Fe2O3, was characterized by temperature-programmed desorption of carbon dioxide (CO2-TPD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and Fourier transform infrared spectros-copy (FT-IR). The catalyst has a specific surface area of 18.54 m2/g and high basicity of 3,637.20 ?mol/g. The cata-lytic performance shows that the optimum reaction conditions are 6 wt% catalyst loading, 12:1 methanol to oil mo-lar ratio with the reaction time of 3 h at 60 �C to produce 90.5% biodiesel yield. The catalyst exhibits good catalytic activity and magnetism, indicating that the CLW can be a potential raw material for catalyst preparation and ap-plication in the biodiesel industry. � 2022 Diponegoro University. All rights reserved. Final 2023-05-29T09:41:01Z 2023-05-29T09:41:01Z 2022 Article 10.9767/bcrec.17.1.12412.53-64 2-s2.0-85129222310 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85129222310&doi=10.9767%2fbcrec.17.1.12412.53-64&partnerID=40&md5=0eab0a1e27d4d8d114a52d9e6a9b9632 https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/27210 17 1 53 64 All Open Access, Gold Diponegoro University Scopus
institution Universiti Tenaga Nasional
building UNITEN Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Tenaga Nasional
content_source UNITEN Institutional Repository
url_provider http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/
description Biodiesel; C (programming language); Carbon dioxide; Catalyst activity; Lime; Scanning electron microscopy; Temperature programmed desorption; Transesterification; Base catalyst; Biodiesel production; Carbide lime; Carbide lime waste; Impregnation methods; Large amounts; Magnetic catalysts; Synthesised; Transesterifications; ]+ catalyst; Magnetism
author2 57190370972
author_facet 57190370972
Krishnan S.G.
Pua F.-L.
Lim H.-H.
format Article
author Krishnan S.G.
Pua F.-L.
Lim H.-H.
spellingShingle Krishnan S.G.
Pua F.-L.
Lim H.-H.
Synthesis of Magnetic Base Catalyst from Industrial Waste for Transesterification of Palm Oil
author_sort Krishnan S.G.
title Synthesis of Magnetic Base Catalyst from Industrial Waste for Transesterification of Palm Oil
title_short Synthesis of Magnetic Base Catalyst from Industrial Waste for Transesterification of Palm Oil
title_full Synthesis of Magnetic Base Catalyst from Industrial Waste for Transesterification of Palm Oil
title_fullStr Synthesis of Magnetic Base Catalyst from Industrial Waste for Transesterification of Palm Oil
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis of Magnetic Base Catalyst from Industrial Waste for Transesterification of Palm Oil
title_sort synthesis of magnetic base catalyst from industrial waste for transesterification of palm oil
publisher Diponegoro University
publishDate 2023
_version_ 1806427767796924416
score 13.222552

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