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A Systematic Review on the Energy Efficiency of Dynamic Clustering in a Heterogeneous Environment of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)

There are a variety of applications for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), such as military, health monitoring systems, natural disasters, smartphones, and other surveillance systems. While the primary purpose of sensor nodes is to collect unattended data in hostile environments, many are placed in la...

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Main Authors: Alomari M.F., Mahmoud M.A., Ramli R.
Other Authors: 57350402200
Format: Review
Published: MDPI 2023
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spelling my.uniten.dspace-267592023-05-29T17:36:34Z A Systematic Review on the Energy Efficiency of Dynamic Clustering in a Heterogeneous Environment of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) Alomari M.F. Mahmoud M.A. Ramli R. 57350402200 55247787300 57191413657 There are a variety of applications for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), such as military, health monitoring systems, natural disasters, smartphones, and other surveillance systems. While the primary purpose of sensor nodes is to collect unattended data in hostile environments, many are placed in large numbers and operate independently. Due to limited capabilities, power is often limited. Therefore, these nodes are grouped into clusters to increase communication efficiency. In WSNs, two different routing protocols are possible: apartment and hierarchical or clustering protocols. Due to their significant role in minimizing energy consumption, hierarchical methods have become very popular in clustering. In cluster-based methods, nodes are organized into clusters, and the sensor node with the most resources is appointed as the cluster head (CH). In this paper, we present a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) explaining the difficulties in developing cluster-based methods, critical factors for clustering, and hierarchical clustering protocols. The most important factor of a routing protocol for WSN is the energy consumption and lifetime of a network. Focusing on energy consumption, different cluster-based methods were analyzed to determine which technology should be deployed by analyzing specific criteria to support the selection process. Additionally, the pros and cons of different protocols are listed with their relevance in specific scenarios. To identify these protocols, a systematic literature review was conducted using research studies published from 2010 to 2021, with 30 papers analyzed in the final phase. Based on the results of this SLR, several issues need to be further investigated with respect to the interaction of the potential technology with the Internet of Things (IoT) and Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs). � 2022 by the authors. Final 2023-05-29T09:36:34Z 2023-05-29T09:36:34Z 2022 Review 10.3390/electronics11182837 2-s2.0-85138693073 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85138693073&doi=10.3390%2felectronics11182837&partnerID=40&md5=2a500017bafcf3e91928695004889920 https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/26759 11 18 2837 All Open Access, Gold MDPI Scopus
institution Universiti Tenaga Nasional
building UNITEN Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Tenaga Nasional
content_source UNITEN Institutional Repository
url_provider http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/
description There are a variety of applications for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), such as military, health monitoring systems, natural disasters, smartphones, and other surveillance systems. While the primary purpose of sensor nodes is to collect unattended data in hostile environments, many are placed in large numbers and operate independently. Due to limited capabilities, power is often limited. Therefore, these nodes are grouped into clusters to increase communication efficiency. In WSNs, two different routing protocols are possible: apartment and hierarchical or clustering protocols. Due to their significant role in minimizing energy consumption, hierarchical methods have become very popular in clustering. In cluster-based methods, nodes are organized into clusters, and the sensor node with the most resources is appointed as the cluster head (CH). In this paper, we present a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) explaining the difficulties in developing cluster-based methods, critical factors for clustering, and hierarchical clustering protocols. The most important factor of a routing protocol for WSN is the energy consumption and lifetime of a network. Focusing on energy consumption, different cluster-based methods were analyzed to determine which technology should be deployed by analyzing specific criteria to support the selection process. Additionally, the pros and cons of different protocols are listed with their relevance in specific scenarios. To identify these protocols, a systematic literature review was conducted using research studies published from 2010 to 2021, with 30 papers analyzed in the final phase. Based on the results of this SLR, several issues need to be further investigated with respect to the interaction of the potential technology with the Internet of Things (IoT) and Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs). � 2022 by the authors.
author2 57350402200
author_facet 57350402200
Alomari M.F.
Mahmoud M.A.
Ramli R.
format Review
author Alomari M.F.
Mahmoud M.A.
Ramli R.
spellingShingle Alomari M.F.
Mahmoud M.A.
Ramli R.
A Systematic Review on the Energy Efficiency of Dynamic Clustering in a Heterogeneous Environment of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)
author_sort Alomari M.F.
title A Systematic Review on the Energy Efficiency of Dynamic Clustering in a Heterogeneous Environment of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)
title_short A Systematic Review on the Energy Efficiency of Dynamic Clustering in a Heterogeneous Environment of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)
title_full A Systematic Review on the Energy Efficiency of Dynamic Clustering in a Heterogeneous Environment of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)
title_fullStr A Systematic Review on the Energy Efficiency of Dynamic Clustering in a Heterogeneous Environment of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)
title_full_unstemmed A Systematic Review on the Energy Efficiency of Dynamic Clustering in a Heterogeneous Environment of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)
title_sort systematic review on the energy efficiency of dynamic clustering in a heterogeneous environment of wireless sensor networks (wsns)
publisher MDPI
publishDate 2023
_version_ 1806423550142185472
score 13.211869

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