Kinetic Modelling of Esterification and Transesterification Processes for Biodiesel Production Utilising Waste-Based Resource
Process optimisation and reaction kinetic model development were carried out for two-stage esterification-transesterification reactions of waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel. This study focused on these traditional processes due to their techno-economic feasibility, which is an important factor befor...
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my.uniten.dspace-266802023-05-29T17:36:09Z Kinetic Modelling of Esterification and Transesterification Processes for Biodiesel Production Utilising Waste-Based Resource Hazrat M.A. Rasul M.G. Khan M.M.K. Ashwath N. Silitonga A.S. Fattah I.M.R. Mahlia T.M.I. 55936470700 6603918185 26643125500 55962751500 39262559400 58034472200 56997615100 Process optimisation and reaction kinetic model development were carried out for two-stage esterification-transesterification reactions of waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel. This study focused on these traditional processes due to their techno-economic feasibility, which is an important factor before deciding on a type of feedstock for industrialisation. Four-factor and two-level face-centred central composite design (CCD) models were used to optimise the process. The kinetic parameters for the esterification and transesterification processes were determined by considering both pseudo-homogeneous irreversible and pseudo-homogeneous first-order irreversible processes. For the esterification process, the optimal conditions were found to be an 8.12:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 1.9 wt.% of WCO for H2SO4, and 60 �C reaction temperature for a period of 90 min. The optimal process conditions for the transesterification process were a 6.1:1 methanol to esterified oil molar ratio, 1.2 wt.% of esterified oil of KOH, reaction temperature of 60 �C, and a reaction time of 110 min in a batch reactor system; the optimal yield was 99.77%. The overall process conversion efficiency was found to be 97.44%. Further research into reaction kinetics will aid in determining the precise reaction process kinetic analysis in future. � 2022 by the authors. Final 2023-05-29T09:36:09Z 2023-05-29T09:36:09Z 2022 Article 10.3390/catal12111472 2-s2.0-85149469573 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85149469573&doi=10.3390%2fcatal12111472&partnerID=40&md5=74f4d7045e87a4a830fd489a6614a3c3 https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/26680 12 11 1472 All Open Access, Gold, Green MDPI Scopus |
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Process optimisation and reaction kinetic model development were carried out for two-stage esterification-transesterification reactions of waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel. This study focused on these traditional processes due to their techno-economic feasibility, which is an important factor before deciding on a type of feedstock for industrialisation. Four-factor and two-level face-centred central composite design (CCD) models were used to optimise the process. The kinetic parameters for the esterification and transesterification processes were determined by considering both pseudo-homogeneous irreversible and pseudo-homogeneous first-order irreversible processes. For the esterification process, the optimal conditions were found to be an 8.12:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 1.9 wt.% of WCO for H2SO4, and 60 �C reaction temperature for a period of 90 min. The optimal process conditions for the transesterification process were a 6.1:1 methanol to esterified oil molar ratio, 1.2 wt.% of esterified oil of KOH, reaction temperature of 60 �C, and a reaction time of 110 min in a batch reactor system; the optimal yield was 99.77%. The overall process conversion efficiency was found to be 97.44%. Further research into reaction kinetics will aid in determining the precise reaction process kinetic analysis in future. � 2022 by the authors. |
| author2 |
55936470700 |
| author_facet |
55936470700 Hazrat M.A. Rasul M.G. Khan M.M.K. Ashwath N. Silitonga A.S. Fattah I.M.R. Mahlia T.M.I. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Hazrat M.A. Rasul M.G. Khan M.M.K. Ashwath N. Silitonga A.S. Fattah I.M.R. Mahlia T.M.I. |
| spellingShingle |
Hazrat M.A. Rasul M.G. Khan M.M.K. Ashwath N. Silitonga A.S. Fattah I.M.R. Mahlia T.M.I. Kinetic Modelling of Esterification and Transesterification Processes for Biodiesel Production Utilising Waste-Based Resource |
| author_sort |
Hazrat M.A. |
| title |
Kinetic Modelling of Esterification and Transesterification Processes for Biodiesel Production Utilising Waste-Based Resource |
| title_short |
Kinetic Modelling of Esterification and Transesterification Processes for Biodiesel Production Utilising Waste-Based Resource |
| title_full |
Kinetic Modelling of Esterification and Transesterification Processes for Biodiesel Production Utilising Waste-Based Resource |
| title_fullStr |
Kinetic Modelling of Esterification and Transesterification Processes for Biodiesel Production Utilising Waste-Based Resource |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Kinetic Modelling of Esterification and Transesterification Processes for Biodiesel Production Utilising Waste-Based Resource |
| title_sort |
kinetic modelling of esterification and transesterification processes for biodiesel production utilising waste-based resource |
| publisher |
MDPI |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| _version_ |
1806423326148526080 |
| score |
13.222552 |