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Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials

The potassium (K) and sodium (Na) elements in banana are needed for hydration reaction that can enhance the strength properties of concrete. This research aims (a) to determine the material engineering properties of banana skin ash (BSA) and concrete containing BSA, (b) to measure the strength enhan...

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Main Authors:	Manan T.S.B.A., Kamal N.L.M., Beddu S., Khan T., Mohamad D., Syamsir A., Itam Z., Jusoh H., Basri N.A.N., Mohtar W.H.M.W., Isa M.H., Shafiq N., Ahmad A., Rasdi N.W.
Other Authors:	57219650719
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Published:	Nature Research 2023
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id	my.uniten.dspace-25888
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spelling	my.uniten.dspace-258882023-05-29T17:05:26Z Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials Manan T.S.B.A. Kamal N.L.M. Beddu S. Khan T. Mohamad D. Syamsir A. Itam Z. Jusoh H. Basri N.A.N. Mohtar W.H.M.W. Isa M.H. Shafiq N. Ahmad A. Rasdi N.W. 57219650719 57217168441 55812080500 54991181500 57200335404 57195320482 55102723400 54779965400 57222185572 57215829072 12808940900 55907068200 6506760282 56446926400 The potassium (K) and sodium (Na) elements in banana are needed for hydration reaction that can enhance the strength properties of concrete. This research aims (a) to determine the material engineering properties of banana skin ash (BSA) and concrete containing BSA, (b) to measure the strength enhancement of concrete due to BSA, and (c) to identify optimal application of BSA as supplementary cement materials (SCM) in concrete. The BSA characterization were assessed through X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Blaine�s air permeability. The workability, compressive strength, and microstructures of concrete containing BSA were analysed using slump test, universal testing machine (UTM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). A total of 15 oxides and 19 non-oxides elements were identified in BSA with K (43.1%) the highest and Na was not detected. At 20�g of mass, the BSA had a higher bulk density (198.43 � 0.00 cm3) than ordinary Portland cement (OPC) (36.32 � 0.00 cm3) indicating availability of large surface area for water absorption. The concrete workability was reduced with the presence of BSA (0% BSA: > 100�mm, 1% BSA: 19 � 1.0�mm, 2%: 15 � 0.0�mm, 3% BSA: 10 � 0.0�mm). The compressive strength increased with the number of curing days. The concrete microstructures were improved; interfacial transition zones (ITZ) decreased with an increase of BSA. The optimal percentage of BSA obtained was at 1.25%. The established model showed significant model terms (Sum of Squares = 260.60, F value = 69.84) with probability of 0.01% for the F-value to occur due to noise. The established model is useful for application in construction industries. � 2021, The Author(s). Final 2023-05-29T09:05:25Z 2023-05-29T09:05:25Z 2021 Article 10.1038/s41598-021-92017-1 2-s2.0-85108144513 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85108144513&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-021-92017-1&partnerID=40&md5=034c25bffe4f2f343d97df19959c9e2b https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/25888 11 1 12722 All Open Access, Gold, Green Nature Research Scopus
institution	Universiti Tenaga Nasional
building	UNITEN Library
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Tenaga Nasional
content_source	UNITEN Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/
description	The potassium (K) and sodium (Na) elements in banana are needed for hydration reaction that can enhance the strength properties of concrete. This research aims (a) to determine the material engineering properties of banana skin ash (BSA) and concrete containing BSA, (b) to measure the strength enhancement of concrete due to BSA, and (c) to identify optimal application of BSA as supplementary cement materials (SCM) in concrete. The BSA characterization were assessed through X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Blaine�s air permeability. The workability, compressive strength, and microstructures of concrete containing BSA were analysed using slump test, universal testing machine (UTM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). A total of 15 oxides and 19 non-oxides elements were identified in BSA with K (43.1%) the highest and Na was not detected. At 20�g of mass, the BSA had a higher bulk density (198.43 � 0.00 cm3) than ordinary Portland cement (OPC) (36.32 � 0.00 cm3) indicating availability of large surface area for water absorption. The concrete workability was reduced with the presence of BSA (0% BSA: > 100�mm, 1% BSA: 19 � 1.0�mm, 2%: 15 � 0.0�mm, 3% BSA: 10 � 0.0�mm). The compressive strength increased with the number of curing days. The concrete microstructures were improved; interfacial transition zones (ITZ) decreased with an increase of BSA. The optimal percentage of BSA obtained was at 1.25%. The established model showed significant model terms (Sum of Squares = 260.60, F value = 69.84) with probability of 0.01% for the F-value to occur due to noise. The established model is useful for application in construction industries. � 2021, The Author(s).
author2	57219650719
author_facet	57219650719 Manan T.S.B.A. Kamal N.L.M. Beddu S. Khan T. Mohamad D. Syamsir A. Itam Z. Jusoh H. Basri N.A.N. Mohtar W.H.M.W. Isa M.H. Shafiq N. Ahmad A. Rasdi N.W.
format	Article
author	Manan T.S.B.A. Kamal N.L.M. Beddu S. Khan T. Mohamad D. Syamsir A. Itam Z. Jusoh H. Basri N.A.N. Mohtar W.H.M.W. Isa M.H. Shafiq N. Ahmad A. Rasdi N.W.
spellingShingle	Manan T.S.B.A. Kamal N.L.M. Beddu S. Khan T. Mohamad D. Syamsir A. Itam Z. Jusoh H. Basri N.A.N. Mohtar W.H.M.W. Isa M.H. Shafiq N. Ahmad A. Rasdi N.W. Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials
author_sort	Manan T.S.B.A.
title	Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials
title_short	Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials
title_full	Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials
title_fullStr	Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials
title_full_unstemmed	Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials
title_sort	strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials
publisher	Nature Research
publishDate	2023
_version_	1806424325217058816
score	13.222552

Strength enhancement of concrete using incinerated agricultural waste as supplementary cement materials

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