Effect of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltage of palm oil and coconut oil based Al2O3nanofluids
Alumina; Aluminum oxide; Cationic surfactants; Electric breakdown; Lightning; Nanofluidics; Nanoparticles; Petroleum refining; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Sulfur compounds; Breakdown patterns; Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; Negative lightning; Negative polarity; Positive polarity; Sphere electrodes; Vo...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
Institute of Physics Publishing
2023
|
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| id |
my.uniten.dspace-25192 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
dspace |
| spelling |
my.uniten.dspace-251922023-05-29T16:07:15Z Effect of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltage of palm oil and coconut oil based Al2O3nanofluids Mohamad N.A. Azis N. Jasni J. Ab. Kadir M.Z.A. Yunus R. Yaakub Z. 57192066472 56120698200 25632671500 25947297000 6603243672 56602940600 Alumina; Aluminum oxide; Cationic surfactants; Electric breakdown; Lightning; Nanofluidics; Nanoparticles; Petroleum refining; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Sulfur compounds; Breakdown patterns; Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; Negative lightning; Negative polarity; Positive polarity; Sphere electrodes; Volume concentration; Volume percentage; Palm oil In this paper, the effect of different types of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltages of palm oil (PO) and coconut oil (CO) based aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanofluids is investigated. Three different types of surfactants were used in this study known as cationic (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)), anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)) and non-ionic (oleic acid (OA)). The volume percentage concentrations of Al2O3 dispersed into PO and CO were varied from 0.001% to 0.05%. The ratio of surfactant to the nanoparticles was set to 50% from the volume concentration of nanoparticles which equivalent to 1:2. In total, two types of refined, bleached and deodorized palm oil (RBDPO) and one type of CO were examined for lightning breakdown voltage. The test was carried out based on needle-sphere electrodes configuration with 25 mm gap distance. The presence of Al2O3 improves both positive and negative lightning breakdown voltages of RBDPO and CO. Under the positive and negative polarities, the CTAB does provide further improvements on the lightning breakdown voltages of RBDPOA (1st type of samples) and CO at most of the volume of concentration of Al2O3. SDS and OA could also further improve the lightning breakdown voltage of CO at certain volume concentration of Al2O3. On the other hand, the lightning breakdown voltage of RBDPOB based Al2O3 nanofluid (2nd type of samples) does not further improve with the introduction of surfactants. At most of the volume concentration of Al2O3, the introduction of CTAB further increases the times to breakdown and decrease the average streamer velocities of RBDPOA under both polarities. The same finding is observed for CO under positive polarity with CTAB and SDS as well as under negative polarity in the presence of all surfactants. The streamer velocities and times to breakdown patterns of RBDPOB based Al2O3 nanofluid are inconsistent in the presence of all surfactants. It is found that RBDPO and CO based Al2O3 nanofluids have second mode of streamer whereby the streamer velocities are from 1 km s-1 to 1.63 km s-1 regardless with or without surfactants. � 2020 Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. Final 2023-05-29T08:07:15Z 2023-05-29T08:07:15Z 2020 Article 10.1088/1361-6528/aba1b9 2-s2.0-85089587310 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089587310&doi=10.1088%2f1361-6528%2faba1b9&partnerID=40&md5=4ef23eceafee506feebd10e333826caf https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/25192 31 42 425708 All Open Access, Hybrid Gold, Green Institute of Physics Publishing Scopus |
| institution |
Universiti Tenaga Nasional |
| building |
UNITEN Library |
| collection |
Institutional Repository |
| continent |
Asia |
| country |
Malaysia |
| content_provider |
Universiti Tenaga Nasional |
| content_source |
UNITEN Institutional Repository |
| url_provider |
http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/ |
| description |
Alumina; Aluminum oxide; Cationic surfactants; Electric breakdown; Lightning; Nanofluidics; Nanoparticles; Petroleum refining; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Sulfur compounds; Breakdown patterns; Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; Negative lightning; Negative polarity; Positive polarity; Sphere electrodes; Volume concentration; Volume percentage; Palm oil |
| author2 |
57192066472 |
| author_facet |
57192066472 Mohamad N.A. Azis N. Jasni J. Ab. Kadir M.Z.A. Yunus R. Yaakub Z. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Mohamad N.A. Azis N. Jasni J. Ab. Kadir M.Z.A. Yunus R. Yaakub Z. |
| spellingShingle |
Mohamad N.A. Azis N. Jasni J. Ab. Kadir M.Z.A. Yunus R. Yaakub Z. Effect of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltage of palm oil and coconut oil based Al2O3nanofluids |
| author_sort |
Mohamad N.A. |
| title |
Effect of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltage of palm oil and coconut oil based Al2O3nanofluids |
| title_short |
Effect of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltage of palm oil and coconut oil based Al2O3nanofluids |
| title_full |
Effect of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltage of palm oil and coconut oil based Al2O3nanofluids |
| title_fullStr |
Effect of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltage of palm oil and coconut oil based Al2O3nanofluids |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltage of palm oil and coconut oil based Al2O3nanofluids |
| title_sort |
effect of surfactants on the lightning breakdown voltage of palm oil and coconut oil based al2o3nanofluids |
| publisher |
Institute of Physics Publishing |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| _version_ |
1806424038033063936 |
| score |
13.223943 |