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Optimization and kinetic study of non-catalytic transesterification of palm oil under subcritical condition using microwave technology

Activation energy; Biodiesel; Catalysts; Cost reduction; Microwave technology; Microwaves; Molar ratio; Processing; Transesterification; Dimethyl carbonate; Lower-power consumption; Microwave processing technologies; Non-catalytic transesterification; Preexponential factor; Response surface methodol...

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Main Authors: Ong M.Y., Chew K.W., Show P.L., Nomanbhay S.
Other Authors: 57191970824
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier Ltd 2023
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spelling my.uniten.dspace-244442023-05-29T15:23:33Z Optimization and kinetic study of non-catalytic transesterification of palm oil under subcritical condition using microwave technology Ong M.Y. Chew K.W. Show P.L. Nomanbhay S. 57191970824 57192980692 47861451300 22135844300 Activation energy; Biodiesel; Catalysts; Cost reduction; Microwave technology; Microwaves; Molar ratio; Processing; Transesterification; Dimethyl carbonate; Lower-power consumption; Microwave processing technologies; Non-catalytic transesterification; Preexponential factor; Response surface methodology; Sub-critical condition; Supercritical methods; Palm oil The main transesterification used in industries involves the reaction with basic catalysts that caused unwanted soap formation, and time-consuming as post-treatment is needed. This creates the need for the utilization of a non-catalytic transesterification reaction under subcritical condition for the transformation of palm oil into biodiesel. This study evaluates the potential of using microwave technology to implement the non-catalytic transesterification for the efficient production of biodiesel. Response surface methodology (RSM) was implemented to maximise the non-catalytic biodiesel yield based on three variables: Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) to oil molar ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time. A maximum biodiesel yield of 86% was obtained with DMC to oil molar ratio of 9.5:1 at 167 �C after 2.5 hr of reaction. Also, its activation energy and pre-exponential factor were 44.88 kJ/mol and 7.88 � 103 min?1, respectively. Biodiesel quality that satisfies the EN14214 biodiesel standard was successfully produced under subcritical condition in the absence of catalysts via this microwave processing technology. This new processing method will enhance the biodiesel production and feasibility in terms of simplicity and less production step. Besides, it needs lower power consumption compared to non-catalytic supercritical method, which brings slight enhancement in cost reduction. � 2019 Elsevier Ltd Final 2023-05-29T07:23:33Z 2023-05-29T07:23:33Z 2019 Article 10.1016/j.enconman.2019.06.071 2-s2.0-85068065035 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068065035&doi=10.1016%2fj.enconman.2019.06.071&partnerID=40&md5=4ff55f116f5039d71830de0b8b99ebf0 https://irepository.uniten.edu.my/handle/123456789/24444 196 1126 1137 Elsevier Ltd Scopus
institution Universiti Tenaga Nasional
building UNITEN Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Tenaga Nasional
content_source UNITEN Institutional Repository
url_provider http://dspace.uniten.edu.my/
description Activation energy; Biodiesel; Catalysts; Cost reduction; Microwave technology; Microwaves; Molar ratio; Processing; Transesterification; Dimethyl carbonate; Lower-power consumption; Microwave processing technologies; Non-catalytic transesterification; Preexponential factor; Response surface methodology; Sub-critical condition; Supercritical methods; Palm oil
author2 57191970824
author_facet 57191970824
Ong M.Y.
Chew K.W.
Show P.L.
Nomanbhay S.
format Article
author Ong M.Y.
Chew K.W.
Show P.L.
Nomanbhay S.
spellingShingle Ong M.Y.
Chew K.W.
Show P.L.
Nomanbhay S.
Optimization and kinetic study of non-catalytic transesterification of palm oil under subcritical condition using microwave technology
author_sort Ong M.Y.
title Optimization and kinetic study of non-catalytic transesterification of palm oil under subcritical condition using microwave technology
title_short Optimization and kinetic study of non-catalytic transesterification of palm oil under subcritical condition using microwave technology
title_full Optimization and kinetic study of non-catalytic transesterification of palm oil under subcritical condition using microwave technology
title_fullStr Optimization and kinetic study of non-catalytic transesterification of palm oil under subcritical condition using microwave technology
title_full_unstemmed Optimization and kinetic study of non-catalytic transesterification of palm oil under subcritical condition using microwave technology
title_sort optimization and kinetic study of non-catalytic transesterification of palm oil under subcritical condition using microwave technology
publisher Elsevier Ltd
publishDate 2023
_version_ 1806423548538912768
score 13.223943

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