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Securing the Sarawak Kalimantan Frontier: Navigating Dilemma and Strategic Approaches

Securing vast and porous border regions, exemplified by the 1,645 kilometres stretch between Sarawak (Malaysia) and Kalimantan (Indonesia), poses unique and formidable dilemmas for security agencies. This shared boundary encompasses diverse geographical features, including rivers, vast land expanses...

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Main Authors: Nurul Huda, Marwan, Mohd Kamarulnizam, Abdullah, Shazwanis, Shukri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Zhongguo Hangtian Gongye Zonggongsi 2023
Subjects:
JZ International relations
Online Access:http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45489/1/Securing%20the%20Sarawak%20Kalimantan%20Frontier.pdf
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45489/
https://www.propulsiontechjournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1148
https://doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i4.1148
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spelling my.unimas.ir.454892024-08-02T02:42:57Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45489/ Securing the Sarawak Kalimantan Frontier: Navigating Dilemma and Strategic Approaches Nurul Huda, Marwan Mohd Kamarulnizam, Abdullah Shazwanis, Shukri JZ International relations Securing vast and porous border regions, exemplified by the 1,645 kilometres stretch between Sarawak (Malaysia) and Kalimantan (Indonesia), poses unique and formidable dilemmas for security agencies. This shared boundary encompasses diverse geographical features, including rivers, vast land expanses, rugged terrains, and dense forests, which pose significant challenges for authorities to efficiently control and monitor the movement of people and goods. Furthermore, because of its remote geographical location, this border area is vulnerable to non-traditional security threats, such as encroachment, human and goods smuggling, and trafficking. This study delves into the complexities of border security in Sarawak by employing in-depth interviews with various security agencies and on-site observations to comprehensively examine and address these dilemmas. The findings of the study highlight how difficult topographical conditions at these borders have hampered efficient border control measures, such as building fences and barriers, deploying CCTV surveillance, and establishing border control stations. This has made it difficult for authorities to monitor and track the entry and exit of individuals and goods, contributing to the emergence of illegal pathways known as 'jalan tikus' and 'jalan gajah' by locals, giving rise to cross-border crime activities. In addition, this study outlines other issues faced by border security agencies, such as a lack of resources, manpower, advanced technology, border conflicts, and constraints on military authority. By shedding light on these multifaceted dilemmas, this research contributes to a broader understanding of the border security complexities in the Sarawak-Kalimantan region. These findings underscore the critical need for a comprehensive approach to effectively safeguard borders and mitigate associated risks, thus providing a valuable resource for guiding future endeavours in border security management. Zhongguo Hangtian Gongye Zonggongsi 2023 Article PeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45489/1/Securing%20the%20Sarawak%20Kalimantan%20Frontier.pdf Nurul Huda, Marwan and Mohd Kamarulnizam, Abdullah and Shazwanis, Shukri (2023) Securing the Sarawak Kalimantan Frontier: Navigating Dilemma and Strategic Approaches. Tuijin Jishu/Journal of Propulsion Technology, 44 (4). pp. 1914-1924. ISSN 1001-4055 https://www.propulsiontechjournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1148 https://doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i4.1148
institution Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
building Centre for Academic Information Services (CAIS)
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
content_source UNIMAS Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ir.unimas.my/
language English
topic JZ International relations
spellingShingle JZ International relations
Nurul Huda, Marwan
Mohd Kamarulnizam, Abdullah
Shazwanis, Shukri
Securing the Sarawak Kalimantan Frontier: Navigating Dilemma and Strategic Approaches
description Securing vast and porous border regions, exemplified by the 1,645 kilometres stretch between Sarawak (Malaysia) and Kalimantan (Indonesia), poses unique and formidable dilemmas for security agencies. This shared boundary encompasses diverse geographical features, including rivers, vast land expanses, rugged terrains, and dense forests, which pose significant challenges for authorities to efficiently control and monitor the movement of people and goods. Furthermore, because of its remote geographical location, this border area is vulnerable to non-traditional security threats, such as encroachment, human and goods smuggling, and trafficking. This study delves into the complexities of border security in Sarawak by employing in-depth interviews with various security agencies and on-site observations to comprehensively examine and address these dilemmas. The findings of the study highlight how difficult topographical conditions at these borders have hampered efficient border control measures, such as building fences and barriers, deploying CCTV surveillance, and establishing border control stations. This has made it difficult for authorities to monitor and track the entry and exit of individuals and goods, contributing to the emergence of illegal pathways known as 'jalan tikus' and 'jalan gajah' by locals, giving rise to cross-border crime activities. In addition, this study outlines other issues faced by border security agencies, such as a lack of resources, manpower, advanced technology, border conflicts, and constraints on military authority. By shedding light on these multifaceted dilemmas, this research contributes to a broader understanding of the border security complexities in the Sarawak-Kalimantan region. These findings underscore the critical need for a comprehensive approach to effectively safeguard borders and mitigate associated risks, thus providing a valuable resource for guiding future endeavours in border security management.
format Article
author Nurul Huda, Marwan
Mohd Kamarulnizam, Abdullah
Shazwanis, Shukri
author_facet Nurul Huda, Marwan
Mohd Kamarulnizam, Abdullah
Shazwanis, Shukri
author_sort Nurul Huda, Marwan
title Securing the Sarawak Kalimantan Frontier: Navigating Dilemma and Strategic Approaches
title_short Securing the Sarawak Kalimantan Frontier: Navigating Dilemma and Strategic Approaches
title_full Securing the Sarawak Kalimantan Frontier: Navigating Dilemma and Strategic Approaches
title_fullStr Securing the Sarawak Kalimantan Frontier: Navigating Dilemma and Strategic Approaches
title_full_unstemmed Securing the Sarawak Kalimantan Frontier: Navigating Dilemma and Strategic Approaches
title_sort securing the sarawak kalimantan frontier: navigating dilemma and strategic approaches
publisher Zhongguo Hangtian Gongye Zonggongsi
publishDate 2023
url http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45489/1/Securing%20the%20Sarawak%20Kalimantan%20Frontier.pdf
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45489/
https://www.propulsiontechjournal.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1148
https://doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i4.1148
_version_ 1806456061146693632
score 13.211869

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