Staff View: Melioidosis in Malaysia: Incidence, Clinical Challenges, and Advances in Understanding Pathogenesis

Melioidosis in Malaysia: Incidence, Clinical Challenges, and Advances in Understanding Pathogenesis

Malaysia is an endemic hot spot for melioidosis; however, a comprehensive picture of the burden of disease, clinical presentations, and challenges faced in diagnosis and treatment of melioidosis is not available. This review provides a nonexhaustive overview of epidemiological data, clinical studies...

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Main Authors:	Yuwana, Podin, Ooi, Mong How, Mariappan, Vanitha, Vellasamy, Kumutha Malar, Vadivelu, Jamuna, Daim, Sylvia, How, Soon Hin, Nathan, Sheila, Chieng, Sylvia, Kingsley, Paul Vijay, Mohan, Anand
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI Publisher 2019
Subjects:	Q Science (General) QR Microbiology QR180 Immunology R Medicine (General) RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine RB Pathology
Online Access:	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/25616/1/Yuwana.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/25616/ https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/3/1/25
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id	my.unimas.ir.25616
record_format	eprints
spelling	my.unimas.ir.256162021-04-28T11:17:41Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/25616/ Melioidosis in Malaysia: Incidence, Clinical Challenges, and Advances in Understanding Pathogenesis Yuwana, Podin Ooi, Mong How Mariappan, Vanitha Vellasamy, Kumutha Malar Vadivelu, Jamuna Daim, Sylvia How, Soon Hin Nathan, Sheila Chieng, Sylvia Kingsley, Paul Vijay Mohan, Anand Q Science (General) QR Microbiology QR180 Immunology R Medicine (General) RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine RB Pathology Malaysia is an endemic hot spot for melioidosis; however, a comprehensive picture of the burden of disease, clinical presentations, and challenges faced in diagnosis and treatment of melioidosis is not available. This review provides a nonexhaustive overview of epidemiological data, clinical studies, risk factors, and mortality rates from available literature and case reports. Clinical patterns of melioidosis are generally consistent with those from South and Southeast Asia in terms of common primary presentations with diabetes as a major risk factor. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of Malaysian patients is a key limiting factor, which needs to be addressed to reduce serious complications and high mortality and recurrence rates. Promoting awareness among the local healthcare personnel is crucial to improving diagnostics and early treatment, as well as educating the Malaysian public on disease symptoms and risk factors. A further matter of urgency is the need to make this a notifiable disease and the establishment of a national melioidosis registry. We also highlight local studies on the causative agent, Burkholderia pseudomallei, with regards to bacteriology and identification of virulence factors as well as findings from host–pathogen interaction studies. Collectively, these studies have uncovered new correlations and insights for further understanding of the disease. MDPI Publisher 2019-03-26 Article PeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/25616/1/Yuwana.pdf Yuwana, Podin and Ooi, Mong How and Mariappan, Vanitha and Vellasamy, Kumutha Malar and Vadivelu, Jamuna and Daim, Sylvia and How, Soon Hin and Nathan, Sheila and Chieng, Sylvia and Kingsley, Paul Vijay and Mohan, Anand (2019) Melioidosis in Malaysia: Incidence, Clinical Challenges, and Advances in Understanding Pathogenesis. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 3 (1). pp. 1-19. ISSN 2414-6366 https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/3/1/25 DOI:org/10.3390/tropicalmed3010025
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
building	Centre for Academic Information Services (CAIS)
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
content_source	UNIMAS Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://ir.unimas.my/
language	English
topic	Q Science (General) QR Microbiology QR180 Immunology R Medicine (General) RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine RB Pathology
spellingShingle	Q Science (General) QR Microbiology QR180 Immunology R Medicine (General) RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine RB Pathology Yuwana, Podin Ooi, Mong How Mariappan, Vanitha Vellasamy, Kumutha Malar Vadivelu, Jamuna Daim, Sylvia How, Soon Hin Nathan, Sheila Chieng, Sylvia Kingsley, Paul Vijay Mohan, Anand Melioidosis in Malaysia: Incidence, Clinical Challenges, and Advances in Understanding Pathogenesis
description	Malaysia is an endemic hot spot for melioidosis; however, a comprehensive picture of the burden of disease, clinical presentations, and challenges faced in diagnosis and treatment of melioidosis is not available. This review provides a nonexhaustive overview of epidemiological data, clinical studies, risk factors, and mortality rates from available literature and case reports. Clinical patterns of melioidosis are generally consistent with those from South and Southeast Asia in terms of common primary presentations with diabetes as a major risk factor. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of Malaysian patients is a key limiting factor, which needs to be addressed to reduce serious complications and high mortality and recurrence rates. Promoting awareness among the local healthcare personnel is crucial to improving diagnostics and early treatment, as well as educating the Malaysian public on disease symptoms and risk factors. A further matter of urgency is the need to make this a notifiable disease and the establishment of a national melioidosis registry. We also highlight local studies on the causative agent, Burkholderia pseudomallei, with regards to bacteriology and identification of virulence factors as well as findings from host–pathogen interaction studies. Collectively, these studies have uncovered new correlations and insights for further understanding of the disease.
format	Article
author	Yuwana, Podin Ooi, Mong How Mariappan, Vanitha Vellasamy, Kumutha Malar Vadivelu, Jamuna Daim, Sylvia How, Soon Hin Nathan, Sheila Chieng, Sylvia Kingsley, Paul Vijay Mohan, Anand
author_facet	Yuwana, Podin Ooi, Mong How Mariappan, Vanitha Vellasamy, Kumutha Malar Vadivelu, Jamuna Daim, Sylvia How, Soon Hin Nathan, Sheila Chieng, Sylvia Kingsley, Paul Vijay Mohan, Anand
author_sort	Yuwana, Podin
title	Melioidosis in Malaysia: Incidence, Clinical Challenges, and Advances in Understanding Pathogenesis
title_short	Melioidosis in Malaysia: Incidence, Clinical Challenges, and Advances in Understanding Pathogenesis
title_full	Melioidosis in Malaysia: Incidence, Clinical Challenges, and Advances in Understanding Pathogenesis
title_fullStr	Melioidosis in Malaysia: Incidence, Clinical Challenges, and Advances in Understanding Pathogenesis
title_full_unstemmed	Melioidosis in Malaysia: Incidence, Clinical Challenges, and Advances in Understanding Pathogenesis
title_sort	melioidosis in malaysia: incidence, clinical challenges, and advances in understanding pathogenesis
publisher	MDPI Publisher
publishDate	2019
url	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/25616/1/Yuwana.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/25616/ https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/3/1/25
_version_	1698700793480216576
score	13.211869

Melioidosis in Malaysia: Incidence, Clinical Challenges, and Advances in Understanding Pathogenesis

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