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A 5-year review of malaria surveillance in Kuching, Sarawak

Background Malaria is endemic in Sarawak contributing to the highest incidence rate in Malaysia. Kuching division consists of three main areas, namely Kuching district, Lundu and Bau. This review aims to highlight the trends of malaria over the past five years in terms of demographic characteristi...

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Main Authors: Haironi, Y., Kamaliah, MD
Format: Working Paper
Language:English
Published: The International Medical Journal of Malaysia 2014
Subjects:
R Medicine (General)
Online Access:http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/2518/1/A%205-year%20review%20of%20malaria%20surveillance%20in%20Kuching%2C%20Sarawak.pdf
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/2518/
http://journals.iium.edu.my/
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spelling my.unimas.ir.25182020-08-11T07:00:38Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/2518/ A 5-year review of malaria surveillance in Kuching, Sarawak Haironi, Y. Kamaliah, MD R Medicine (General) Background Malaria is endemic in Sarawak contributing to the highest incidence rate in Malaysia. Kuching division consists of three main areas, namely Kuching district, Lundu and Bau. This review aims to highlight the trends of malaria over the past five years in terms of demographic characteristics and vector control programmes and to identify factors that contribute to the difficulty in malaria control programme in this state. Methodology This is a descriptive review of malaria cases based on surveillance data compiled from 2000 to 2004. Data is analysed based on demographic background, malaria species, type of malaria infection and vector control activities between the three districts. Results Lundu has the highest average 5-year incidence rate per 10,000 population of 121.97 as compared to the national figure of 4.10. Malaria is more prevalent in males (14.3%) than females (5.7%). Among the race, Dayaks had the highest prevalence rate (66.5%). Peak age affected is between 15 to 40 years. The predominant species was Plasmodium vivax (65.4%) followed by Plasmodium falciparum (32.8%). For occupation, the majority of cases were among villagers (55.2%) followed by foreign workers (19.0%). Cases were detected mainly by passive case detection (82.7%) and blood film for malarial parasites was positive in 2.67%. For malaria control activities, focal spraying were successfully done in 94.4% of the structures, regular spraying in 89.5% structures, impregnated bednet distribution among 38.2% population and mass drug administration distributed among 80.7% of the population. Conclusion Results analysis has shown that the incidence rate of malaria in Kuching division is very high, particularly in Lundu district. Although activities conducted by the malaria control programme is sufficient, it has not been able to successfully reduce the incidence of malaria in this region. Problems identified include difficulty in accessing the affected areas, movements of illegal immigrants, financial constraints and lack of training of field staff involved in malaria control. Recommendations include integrating malaria control measures with cross border agents, community participation, aggressive surveillance programmes and improvement of vector control. The International Medical Journal of Malaysia 2014-05-15 Working Paper NonPeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/2518/1/A%205-year%20review%20of%20malaria%20surveillance%20in%20Kuching%2C%20Sarawak.pdf Haironi, Y. and Kamaliah, MD (2014) A 5-year review of malaria surveillance in Kuching, Sarawak. [Working Paper] http://journals.iium.edu.my/
institution Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
building Centre for Academic Information Services (CAIS)
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
content_source UNIMAS Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ir.unimas.my/
language English
topic R Medicine (General)
spellingShingle R Medicine (General)
Haironi, Y.
Kamaliah, MD
A 5-year review of malaria surveillance in Kuching, Sarawak
description Background Malaria is endemic in Sarawak contributing to the highest incidence rate in Malaysia. Kuching division consists of three main areas, namely Kuching district, Lundu and Bau. This review aims to highlight the trends of malaria over the past five years in terms of demographic characteristics and vector control programmes and to identify factors that contribute to the difficulty in malaria control programme in this state. Methodology This is a descriptive review of malaria cases based on surveillance data compiled from 2000 to 2004. Data is analysed based on demographic background, malaria species, type of malaria infection and vector control activities between the three districts. Results Lundu has the highest average 5-year incidence rate per 10,000 population of 121.97 as compared to the national figure of 4.10. Malaria is more prevalent in males (14.3%) than females (5.7%). Among the race, Dayaks had the highest prevalence rate (66.5%). Peak age affected is between 15 to 40 years. The predominant species was Plasmodium vivax (65.4%) followed by Plasmodium falciparum (32.8%). For occupation, the majority of cases were among villagers (55.2%) followed by foreign workers (19.0%). Cases were detected mainly by passive case detection (82.7%) and blood film for malarial parasites was positive in 2.67%. For malaria control activities, focal spraying were successfully done in 94.4% of the structures, regular spraying in 89.5% structures, impregnated bednet distribution among 38.2% population and mass drug administration distributed among 80.7% of the population. Conclusion Results analysis has shown that the incidence rate of malaria in Kuching division is very high, particularly in Lundu district. Although activities conducted by the malaria control programme is sufficient, it has not been able to successfully reduce the incidence of malaria in this region. Problems identified include difficulty in accessing the affected areas, movements of illegal immigrants, financial constraints and lack of training of field staff involved in malaria control. Recommendations include integrating malaria control measures with cross border agents, community participation, aggressive surveillance programmes and improvement of vector control.
format Working Paper
author Haironi, Y.
Kamaliah, MD
author_facet Haironi, Y.
Kamaliah, MD
author_sort Haironi, Y.
title A 5-year review of malaria surveillance in Kuching, Sarawak
title_short A 5-year review of malaria surveillance in Kuching, Sarawak
title_full A 5-year review of malaria surveillance in Kuching, Sarawak
title_fullStr A 5-year review of malaria surveillance in Kuching, Sarawak
title_full_unstemmed A 5-year review of malaria surveillance in Kuching, Sarawak
title_sort 5-year review of malaria surveillance in kuching, sarawak
publisher The International Medical Journal of Malaysia
publishDate 2014
url http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/2518/1/A%205-year%20review%20of%20malaria%20surveillance%20in%20Kuching%2C%20Sarawak.pdf
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/2518/
http://journals.iium.edu.my/
_version_ 1675331065299861504
score 13.211869

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