Staff View: A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia

A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia

A recent (February 2014) mass mortality of fishes was observed in the cage-farming region of the West Johor Strait of Malaysia, involving over four different species of cultured fishes, numbering ∼50,000 fish. A field investigation at six stations along the West Johor Strait collected water samples...

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Main Authors:	Hong, Chang Lim, Chui, P.L, Toh, Hii Tan, Nyuk, Fong Kon, Leh, Hie Yek, Kieng, Soon Hii, Sing, Tung Teng, Roziawati, Mohd Razali, Gires, Usup, Mitsunori, Iwataki, Po, T.L
Format:	E-Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier Ltd. 2014
Subjects:	SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
Online Access:	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/13409/1/A%20bloom%20of%20Karlodinium%20australe%20%28Gymnodiniales%2C%20Dinophyceae%29%20%28abstract%29.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/13409/ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568988314001851 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2014.10.005
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id	my.unimas.ir.13409
record_format	eprints
spelling	my.unimas.ir.134092016-09-07T22:30:24Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/13409/ A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia Hong, Chang Lim Chui, P.L Toh, Hii Tan Nyuk, Fong Kon Leh, Hie Yek Kieng, Soon Hii Sing, Tung Teng Roziawati, Mohd Razali Gires, Usup Mitsunori, Iwataki Po, T.L SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling A recent (February 2014) mass mortality of fishes was observed in the cage-farming region of the West Johor Strait of Malaysia, involving over four different species of cultured fishes, numbering ∼50,000 fish. A field investigation at six stations along the West Johor Strait collected water samples and examined for the presence of harmful species. Dead fishes were collected for necropsy. The phytoplankton composition was dominated by a species of Karlodinium, at a considerably high cell concentration (0.31–2.34 × 106 cells l−1), and constituting 68.8–98.6% of the phytoplankton relative abundance at all stations. Detailed morphological assessment by light and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the species was Karlodinium australe de Salas, Bolch and Hallegraeff. This was supported by molecular evidence of the nuclear encoded large subunit ribosomal gene (LSU rDNA) and the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) via single-cell PCR. The sequences of LSU rDNA yielded 3.6–4.0% divergence when compared to the sister taxon, K. armiger; and >6.5% when compared to other Karlodinium species. Fish necropsy showed symptoms similar to those affected by karlotoxin ichthyotoxins. This is the first report of a mass mortality of cage-cultured and wild fishes attributed to the unarmored dinoflagellate K. australe. Elsevier Ltd. 2014 E-Article PeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/13409/1/A%20bloom%20of%20Karlodinium%20australe%20%28Gymnodiniales%2C%20Dinophyceae%29%20%28abstract%29.pdf Hong, Chang Lim and Chui, P.L and Toh, Hii Tan and Nyuk, Fong Kon and Leh, Hie Yek and Kieng, Soon Hii and Sing, Tung Teng and Roziawati, Mohd Razali and Gires, Usup and Mitsunori, Iwataki and Po, T.L (2014) A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia. Harmful Algae, 40. pp. 51-62. ISSN 1568-9883 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568988314001851 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2014.10.005
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
building	Centre for Academic Information Services (CAIS)
collection	Institutional Repository
continent	Asia
country	Malaysia
content_provider	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
content_source	UNIMAS Institutional Repository
url_provider	http://ir.unimas.my/
language	English
topic	SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
spellingShingle	SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling Hong, Chang Lim Chui, P.L Toh, Hii Tan Nyuk, Fong Kon Leh, Hie Yek Kieng, Soon Hii Sing, Tung Teng Roziawati, Mohd Razali Gires, Usup Mitsunori, Iwataki Po, T.L A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia
description	A recent (February 2014) mass mortality of fishes was observed in the cage-farming region of the West Johor Strait of Malaysia, involving over four different species of cultured fishes, numbering ∼50,000 fish. A field investigation at six stations along the West Johor Strait collected water samples and examined for the presence of harmful species. Dead fishes were collected for necropsy. The phytoplankton composition was dominated by a species of Karlodinium, at a considerably high cell concentration (0.31–2.34 × 106 cells l−1), and constituting 68.8–98.6% of the phytoplankton relative abundance at all stations. Detailed morphological assessment by light and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the species was Karlodinium australe de Salas, Bolch and Hallegraeff. This was supported by molecular evidence of the nuclear encoded large subunit ribosomal gene (LSU rDNA) and the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) via single-cell PCR. The sequences of LSU rDNA yielded 3.6–4.0% divergence when compared to the sister taxon, K. armiger; and >6.5% when compared to other Karlodinium species. Fish necropsy showed symptoms similar to those affected by karlotoxin ichthyotoxins. This is the first report of a mass mortality of cage-cultured and wild fishes attributed to the unarmored dinoflagellate K. australe.
format	E-Article
author	Hong, Chang Lim Chui, P.L Toh, Hii Tan Nyuk, Fong Kon Leh, Hie Yek Kieng, Soon Hii Sing, Tung Teng Roziawati, Mohd Razali Gires, Usup Mitsunori, Iwataki Po, T.L
author_facet	Hong, Chang Lim Chui, P.L Toh, Hii Tan Nyuk, Fong Kon Leh, Hie Yek Kieng, Soon Hii Sing, Tung Teng Roziawati, Mohd Razali Gires, Usup Mitsunori, Iwataki Po, T.L
author_sort	Hong, Chang Lim
title	A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia
title_short	A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia
title_full	A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia
title_fullStr	A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia
title_sort	bloom of karlodinium australe (gymnodiniales, dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in west johor strait, malaysia
publisher	Elsevier Ltd.
publishDate	2014
url	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/13409/1/A%20bloom%20of%20Karlodinium%20australe%20%28Gymnodiniales%2C%20Dinophyceae%29%20%28abstract%29.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/13409/ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568988314001851 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2014.10.005
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score	13.211869

A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia

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