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Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus carriage by young Malaysian footballers during indoor training

Background: Research has shown that athletes are carrriers of Staphylococcus aureus during physical activity. Objective: To estimate the mean total plate count of S aureus carrried by footballers before and after training at an indoor venue. Methods: Forty Malay and 20 Indian students volunteere...

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Main Authors: J L, William, Son, Radu, S A, Aziz, R A, Rahim, Y K, Cheah, Samuel, Lihan
Format: E-Article
Language:English
Published: UPM 2004
Subjects:
R Medicine (General)
Online Access:http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10107/1/Prevalence%20of%20Staphylococcus%20aureus%20carriage%20by%20young%20Malaysian%20footballers%20during%20indoor%20training%20%28abstract%29.pdf
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10107/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7731956_Prevalence_of_Staphylococcus_aureus_carriage_by_young_Malaysian_footballers_during_indoor_training
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spelling my.unimas.ir.101072016-01-07T07:26:03Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10107/ Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus carriage by young Malaysian footballers during indoor training J L, William Son, Radu S A, Aziz R A, Rahim Y K, Cheah Samuel, Lihan R Medicine (General) Background: Research has shown that athletes are carrriers of Staphylococcus aureus during physical activity. Objective: To estimate the mean total plate count of S aureus carrried by footballers before and after training at an indoor venue. Methods: Forty Malay and 20 Indian students volunteered to participate. There was also a control group consisting of 40 Malay and 20 Indian students who were not active. The experimental group were active footballers who had played at school or club level. The subjects were healthy and free of skin infection. The experiment was divided into three sessions, with 20 subjects present at each. At each session, the subjects trained for one hour. Swabs were taken from the skin, nose, and ear before and after training. For the control group, swabs were taken only once from the skin, nose, and ear. The swabs were subjected to biochemical tests and then streaked and cultured aerobically in Baird Parker agar plates for 24 hours at 37°C. Black colonies with a clear zone were presumed to be S aureus, and the mean total plate count of the colonies was estimated. Gram staining, catalase, coagulase slide, coagulase tube, acetoin production, o-nitrophenyl b-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG), and mannitol fermentation tests were used to confirm the colonies as S aureus. A haemolysin test was conducted with human blood to confirm haemolytic activity. Results: All subjects in the experimental group were carrying S aureus both before and after training. The estimated mean total counts of colonies from the skin, ear, and nose for the Malays before training were 33, 71, and 312 respectively. Counts after training were 21, 44, and 452 respectively. The results for the Indians were 72, 80, and 309 respectively before training and 55, 200, and 466 respectively after training. The positive results for Gram staining, catalase, coagulase slide, coagulase tube, acetoin production, ONPG, and mannitol fermentation tests were 100%, 96%, 95%, 95%, 93%, 93%, and 90% respectively. All subjects in the control group were also carrying S aureus. Conclusions: All of the players were carriers of S aureus during training. The decrease in total count from the skin for both races may be due to lysozyme activity lysing the bacterial cells. Contamination of the environment with these bacteria may have increased the estimated total plate count in the nose. The experimental group face a higher risk of infection because of lower immunity during training and higher rate of injuries compared with the control group. UPM 2004 E-Article NonPeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10107/1/Prevalence%20of%20Staphylococcus%20aureus%20carriage%20by%20young%20Malaysian%20footballers%20during%20indoor%20training%20%28abstract%29.pdf J L, William and Son, Radu and S A, Aziz and R A, Rahim and Y K, Cheah and Samuel, Lihan (2004) Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus carriage by young Malaysian footballers during indoor training. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38 (1). pp. 12-14. ISSN 0306-3674 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7731956_Prevalence_of_Staphylococcus_aureus_carriage_by_young_Malaysian_footballers_during_indoor_training DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2002.000653
institution Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
building Centre for Academic Information Services (CAIS)
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
content_source UNIMAS Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ir.unimas.my/
language English
topic R Medicine (General)
spellingShingle R Medicine (General)
J L, William
Son, Radu
S A, Aziz
R A, Rahim
Y K, Cheah
Samuel, Lihan
Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus carriage by young Malaysian footballers during indoor training
description Background: Research has shown that athletes are carrriers of Staphylococcus aureus during physical activity. Objective: To estimate the mean total plate count of S aureus carrried by footballers before and after training at an indoor venue. Methods: Forty Malay and 20 Indian students volunteered to participate. There was also a control group consisting of 40 Malay and 20 Indian students who were not active. The experimental group were active footballers who had played at school or club level. The subjects were healthy and free of skin infection. The experiment was divided into three sessions, with 20 subjects present at each. At each session, the subjects trained for one hour. Swabs were taken from the skin, nose, and ear before and after training. For the control group, swabs were taken only once from the skin, nose, and ear. The swabs were subjected to biochemical tests and then streaked and cultured aerobically in Baird Parker agar plates for 24 hours at 37°C. Black colonies with a clear zone were presumed to be S aureus, and the mean total plate count of the colonies was estimated. Gram staining, catalase, coagulase slide, coagulase tube, acetoin production, o-nitrophenyl b-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG), and mannitol fermentation tests were used to confirm the colonies as S aureus. A haemolysin test was conducted with human blood to confirm haemolytic activity. Results: All subjects in the experimental group were carrying S aureus both before and after training. The estimated mean total counts of colonies from the skin, ear, and nose for the Malays before training were 33, 71, and 312 respectively. Counts after training were 21, 44, and 452 respectively. The results for the Indians were 72, 80, and 309 respectively before training and 55, 200, and 466 respectively after training. The positive results for Gram staining, catalase, coagulase slide, coagulase tube, acetoin production, ONPG, and mannitol fermentation tests were 100%, 96%, 95%, 95%, 93%, 93%, and 90% respectively. All subjects in the control group were also carrying S aureus. Conclusions: All of the players were carriers of S aureus during training. The decrease in total count from the skin for both races may be due to lysozyme activity lysing the bacterial cells. Contamination of the environment with these bacteria may have increased the estimated total plate count in the nose. The experimental group face a higher risk of infection because of lower immunity during training and higher rate of injuries compared with the control group.
format E-Article
author J L, William
Son, Radu
S A, Aziz
R A, Rahim
Y K, Cheah
Samuel, Lihan
author_facet J L, William
Son, Radu
S A, Aziz
R A, Rahim
Y K, Cheah
Samuel, Lihan
author_sort J L, William
title Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus carriage by young Malaysian footballers during indoor training
title_short Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus carriage by young Malaysian footballers during indoor training
title_full Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus carriage by young Malaysian footballers during indoor training
title_fullStr Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus carriage by young Malaysian footballers during indoor training
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus carriage by young Malaysian footballers during indoor training
title_sort prevalence of staphylococcus aureus carriage by young malaysian footballers during indoor training
publisher UPM
publishDate 2004
url http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10107/1/Prevalence%20of%20Staphylococcus%20aureus%20carriage%20by%20young%20Malaysian%20footballers%20during%20indoor%20training%20%28abstract%29.pdf
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10107/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7731956_Prevalence_of_Staphylococcus_aureus_carriage_by_young_Malaysian_footballers_during_indoor_training
_version_ 1644510878985355264
score 13.211869

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