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Expression of Ascaris lumbricoides putative virulence‑associated genes when infecting a human hos

Background: Ascaris lumbricoides is the most common causative agent of soiltransmitted helminth infections worldwide, with an estimated 450 million people infected with this nematode globally. It is suggested that helminths are capable of evading and manipulating the host immune system through the...

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Main Authors: Norashikin, Mohd‑Shaharuddin, Yvonne Lim, Ai Lian, Romano, Ngui, Sheila, Nathan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BioMed Central Ltd. 2021
Subjects:
R Medicine (General)
RB Pathology
Online Access:http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/47381/1/Expression_of_Ascaris_lumbricoides_putative_virule.pdf
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/47381/
https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-021-04680-y
https://doi.org/10.1186/s1307102104680y
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spelling my.unimas.ir-473812025-01-21T03:50:01Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/47381/ Expression of Ascaris lumbricoides putative virulence‑associated genes when infecting a human hos Norashikin, Mohd‑Shaharuddin Yvonne Lim, Ai Lian Romano, Ngui Sheila, Nathan R Medicine (General) RB Pathology Background: Ascaris lumbricoides is the most common causative agent of soiltransmitted helminth infections worldwide, with an estimated 450 million people infected with this nematode globally. It is suggested that helminths are capable of evading and manipulating the host immune system through the release of a spectrum of worm proteins which underpins their longterm survival in the host. We hypothesise that the worm overexpresses these proteins when infecting adults compared to children to cirvumvent the more robust defence mechanisms of adults. However, little is known about the parasite’s genes and encoded proteins involved during A. lumbricoides infection. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the expression profle of putative virulenceassociated genes during an active infection of adults and children. Methods: In this study, quantitative PCR was performed to evaluate the expression profle of putative virulence associated genes in A. lumbricoides isolated from infected children and adults. The study was initiated by collecting adult worms expelled from adults and children following anthelminthic treatment. Highquality RNA was successfully extracted from each of six adult worms expelled by three adults and three children, respectively. Eleven putative hom‑ ologues of helminth virulenceassociated genes reported in previous studies were selected, primers were designed and specifc amplicons of A. lumbricoides genes were noted. The expression profles of these putative virulenceassoci‑ ated genes in A. lumbricoides from infected adults were compared to those in A. lumbricoides from infected children. Results: The putative virulenceassociated genes VENOM, CADHERIN and PEBP were signifcantly upregulated at 166 fold, 13fold and fvefold, respectively, in adults compared to children. Conversely, the transcription of ABA-1 (fourfold), CATH-L (threefold) and INTEGRIN (twofold) was signifcantly suppressed in A. lumbricoides from infected adults. BioMed Central Ltd. 2021 Article PeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/47381/1/Expression_of_Ascaris_lumbricoides_putative_virule.pdf Norashikin, Mohd‑Shaharuddin and Yvonne Lim, Ai Lian and Romano, Ngui and Sheila, Nathan (2021) Expression of Ascaris lumbricoides putative virulence‑associated genes when infecting a human hos. Parasites & Vectors, 14 (176). pp. 1-12. ISSN 1756-3305 https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-021-04680-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s1307102104680y
institution Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
building Centre for Academic Information Services (CAIS)
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
content_source UNIMAS Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ir.unimas.my/
language English
topic R Medicine (General)
RB Pathology
spellingShingle R Medicine (General)
RB Pathology
Norashikin, Mohd‑Shaharuddin
Yvonne Lim, Ai Lian
Romano, Ngui
Sheila, Nathan
Expression of Ascaris lumbricoides putative virulence‑associated genes when infecting a human hos
description Background: Ascaris lumbricoides is the most common causative agent of soiltransmitted helminth infections worldwide, with an estimated 450 million people infected with this nematode globally. It is suggested that helminths are capable of evading and manipulating the host immune system through the release of a spectrum of worm proteins which underpins their longterm survival in the host. We hypothesise that the worm overexpresses these proteins when infecting adults compared to children to cirvumvent the more robust defence mechanisms of adults. However, little is known about the parasite’s genes and encoded proteins involved during A. lumbricoides infection. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the expression profle of putative virulenceassociated genes during an active infection of adults and children. Methods: In this study, quantitative PCR was performed to evaluate the expression profle of putative virulence associated genes in A. lumbricoides isolated from infected children and adults. The study was initiated by collecting adult worms expelled from adults and children following anthelminthic treatment. Highquality RNA was successfully extracted from each of six adult worms expelled by three adults and three children, respectively. Eleven putative hom‑ ologues of helminth virulenceassociated genes reported in previous studies were selected, primers were designed and specifc amplicons of A. lumbricoides genes were noted. The expression profles of these putative virulenceassoci‑ ated genes in A. lumbricoides from infected adults were compared to those in A. lumbricoides from infected children. Results: The putative virulenceassociated genes VENOM, CADHERIN and PEBP were signifcantly upregulated at 166 fold, 13fold and fvefold, respectively, in adults compared to children. Conversely, the transcription of ABA-1 (fourfold), CATH-L (threefold) and INTEGRIN (twofold) was signifcantly suppressed in A. lumbricoides from infected adults.
format Article
author Norashikin, Mohd‑Shaharuddin
Yvonne Lim, Ai Lian
Romano, Ngui
Sheila, Nathan
author_facet Norashikin, Mohd‑Shaharuddin
Yvonne Lim, Ai Lian
Romano, Ngui
Sheila, Nathan
author_sort Norashikin, Mohd‑Shaharuddin
title Expression of Ascaris lumbricoides putative virulence‑associated genes when infecting a human hos
title_short Expression of Ascaris lumbricoides putative virulence‑associated genes when infecting a human hos
title_full Expression of Ascaris lumbricoides putative virulence‑associated genes when infecting a human hos
title_fullStr Expression of Ascaris lumbricoides putative virulence‑associated genes when infecting a human hos
title_full_unstemmed Expression of Ascaris lumbricoides putative virulence‑associated genes when infecting a human hos
title_sort expression of ascaris lumbricoides putative virulence‑associated genes when infecting a human hos
publisher BioMed Central Ltd.
publishDate 2021
url http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/47381/1/Expression_of_Ascaris_lumbricoides_putative_virule.pdf
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/47381/
https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-021-04680-y
https://doi.org/10.1186/s1307102104680y
_version_ 1822896185077137408
score 13.244109

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