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Antiviral activity of povidone-iodine gargle and mouthwash solution against Enterovirus A71, Coxsackieviruses A16, A10 and A6

Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD), a highly contagious viral disease common among infants and young children, is primarily caused by Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16). Nonetheless, emerging enteroviruses, such as CV-A10 and CV-A6, have also caused widespread outbreaks globall...

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Main Authors: W. X., Ang, S.H., Tan, K. T., Wong, David, Perera, Umah Rani, Kuppusamy, K.C., Ong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Malaysian Society of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (MSPTM) 2024
Subjects:
RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
Online Access:http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/46884/1/Antiviral%20activity%20of%20povidone-iodine%20-%20Copy.pdf
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/46884/
https://msptm.org/vol-41-3/
https://doi.org/10.47665/tb.41.3.002
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spelling my.unimas.ir-468842024-12-12T02:20:10Z http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/46884/ Antiviral activity of povidone-iodine gargle and mouthwash solution against Enterovirus A71, Coxsackieviruses A16, A10 and A6 W. X., Ang S.H., Tan K. T., Wong David, Perera Umah Rani, Kuppusamy K.C., Ong RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD), a highly contagious viral disease common among infants and young children, is primarily caused by Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16). Nonetheless, emerging enteroviruses, such as CV-A10 and CV-A6, have also caused widespread outbreaks globally, in part due to the absence of effective antiviral therapies, and the high personto-person transmission rate. Persontoperson transmission is usually through fecaloral or oraloral routes, and sometimes via droplets. As the oral cavity is a primary site for early virus infection and replication, controlling oral viral shedding can mitigate the risk of transmission through this route. Povidone-iodine (PVP-I), a widely used antiseptic, has shown broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties but antiviral studies against HFMD-causing enteroviruses are limited, especially for CV-A10 and CVA6. Our study demonstrated that a 1% PVP-I solution (final concentration of 0.5%) exhibited virucidal activity against EV-A71, CV-A16, CV-A10, and CV-A6. All seven EV-A71 isolates and five CV-A16 isolates showed a significant virus titer reduction after a 1-minute incubation, while five CV-A10 isolates and two CV-A6 isolates required a 5-minute incubation to achieve this. The virucidal activity was confirmed through the EN14476:2013+A2:2019 virucidal quantitative suspension test, wherein all four viruses were completely inactivated after a 30-minute incubation with PVP-I at 37°C under both clean and dirty conditions. Western blot analysis suggested that PVP-I could affect the VP1 structural proteins of EV-A71. Our results suggest that PVP-I could serve as a potential virucidal agent to reduce the risk of person-to-person transmission of HFMD. Malaysian Society of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (MSPTM) 2024 Article PeerReviewed text en http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/46884/1/Antiviral%20activity%20of%20povidone-iodine%20-%20Copy.pdf W. X., Ang and S.H., Tan and K. T., Wong and David, Perera and Umah Rani, Kuppusamy and K.C., Ong (2024) Antiviral activity of povidone-iodine gargle and mouthwash solution against Enterovirus A71, Coxsackieviruses A16, A10 and A6. Tropical Biomedicine, 41 (3). pp. 241-250. ISSN 2521-9855 https://msptm.org/vol-41-3/ https://doi.org/10.47665/tb.41.3.002
institution Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
building Centre for Academic Information Services (CAIS)
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
content_source UNIMAS Institutional Repository
url_provider http://ir.unimas.my/
language English
topic RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
spellingShingle RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
W. X., Ang
S.H., Tan
K. T., Wong
David, Perera
Umah Rani, Kuppusamy
K.C., Ong
Antiviral activity of povidone-iodine gargle and mouthwash solution against Enterovirus A71, Coxsackieviruses A16, A10 and A6
description Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD), a highly contagious viral disease common among infants and young children, is primarily caused by Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16). Nonetheless, emerging enteroviruses, such as CV-A10 and CV-A6, have also caused widespread outbreaks globally, in part due to the absence of effective antiviral therapies, and the high personto-person transmission rate. Persontoperson transmission is usually through fecaloral or oraloral routes, and sometimes via droplets. As the oral cavity is a primary site for early virus infection and replication, controlling oral viral shedding can mitigate the risk of transmission through this route. Povidone-iodine (PVP-I), a widely used antiseptic, has shown broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties but antiviral studies against HFMD-causing enteroviruses are limited, especially for CV-A10 and CVA6. Our study demonstrated that a 1% PVP-I solution (final concentration of 0.5%) exhibited virucidal activity against EV-A71, CV-A16, CV-A10, and CV-A6. All seven EV-A71 isolates and five CV-A16 isolates showed a significant virus titer reduction after a 1-minute incubation, while five CV-A10 isolates and two CV-A6 isolates required a 5-minute incubation to achieve this. The virucidal activity was confirmed through the EN14476:2013+A2:2019 virucidal quantitative suspension test, wherein all four viruses were completely inactivated after a 30-minute incubation with PVP-I at 37°C under both clean and dirty conditions. Western blot analysis suggested that PVP-I could affect the VP1 structural proteins of EV-A71. Our results suggest that PVP-I could serve as a potential virucidal agent to reduce the risk of person-to-person transmission of HFMD.
format Article
author W. X., Ang
S.H., Tan
K. T., Wong
David, Perera
Umah Rani, Kuppusamy
K.C., Ong
author_facet W. X., Ang
S.H., Tan
K. T., Wong
David, Perera
Umah Rani, Kuppusamy
K.C., Ong
author_sort W. X., Ang
title Antiviral activity of povidone-iodine gargle and mouthwash solution against Enterovirus A71, Coxsackieviruses A16, A10 and A6
title_short Antiviral activity of povidone-iodine gargle and mouthwash solution against Enterovirus A71, Coxsackieviruses A16, A10 and A6
title_full Antiviral activity of povidone-iodine gargle and mouthwash solution against Enterovirus A71, Coxsackieviruses A16, A10 and A6
title_fullStr Antiviral activity of povidone-iodine gargle and mouthwash solution against Enterovirus A71, Coxsackieviruses A16, A10 and A6
title_full_unstemmed Antiviral activity of povidone-iodine gargle and mouthwash solution against Enterovirus A71, Coxsackieviruses A16, A10 and A6
title_sort antiviral activity of povidone-iodine gargle and mouthwash solution against enterovirus a71, coxsackieviruses a16, a10 and a6
publisher Malaysian Society of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (MSPTM)
publishDate 2024
url http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/46884/1/Antiviral%20activity%20of%20povidone-iodine%20-%20Copy.pdf
http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/46884/
https://msptm.org/vol-41-3/
https://doi.org/10.47665/tb.41.3.002
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score 13.2324915

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