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Study on thermoplastic cassava starch modifications via chemical, photo and irradiation induced crosslinking

Master of Science in Materials Engineering

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Amirah Hulwani, Mohd Zain
Other Authors: Mohammad Kahar, Ab Wahab, Dr.
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) 2017
Subjects:
Thermoplastic composites
Cassava
Starch
Crosslinking (Polymerization)
Thermoplastic starch (TPS)
Online Access:http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/77993
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spelling my.unimap-779932023-03-06T03:38:49Z Study on thermoplastic cassava starch modifications via chemical, photo and irradiation induced crosslinking Amirah Hulwani, Mohd Zain Mohammad Kahar, Ab Wahab, Dr. Thermoplastic composites Cassava Starch Crosslinking (Polymerization) Thermoplastic starch (TPS) Master of Science in Materials Engineering The characterization of modified thermoplastic starch (TPS) was investigated by means of mechanical properties, thermal properties, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography and biodegradability test. Before performing the modification, the TPS was prepared by plasticized 65 % of native cassava starch with 35 % of glycerol. The TPS was prepared by using heated two roll mill at the 150 oC for 10 minutes. Different type of modification, which photo radiation, electron beam radiation crosslinking, and carboxylic acid modification was prepared on TPS sheets. In photo crosslinking, TPS were irradiated under lamps at different irradiation time, from 30 minutes to 480 minutes. Meanwhile, dosage ranging from 25 kGy to 100 kGy were introduced in electron beam radiation crosslinking process. Crosslinking of TPS using photo radiation and electron beam radiation showed improved thermal properties and mechanical properties, which 2.70 MPa and 3.18 MPa respectively. The gel mass (NGM) value increases up to 22.98 mg/cm2 and 19.28 mg/cm2, respected to the photo irradiation time and electron dose range proved the formation of crosslinking in the TPS. However, excessive irradiation caused further degradation of the TPS, thus reduce the crosslinking formation. Citric acid and ascorbic acid were introduced into the chemical modification process of TPS. Addition of carboxylic acid were varied from 1% - 4%, and 10% - 50%. Based on SEM analysis, the addition of carboxylic acid gives a smoother fracture surface. Further increment in carboxylic acid content led to the crosslinking formation. The NGM value was increase until 49.00 mg/cm2 and 57.43 mg/cm2, respected to increases of citric acid and ascorbic acid content. As a resulted, the tensile value at 40% was increased up to 6.25 MPa compared to unmodified TPS. Moisture absorption analysis also showed improved moisture resistivity as compared to unmodified TPS. Biodegradability test performed resulted acid modification TPS give low degradation rate compared to unmodified TPS. These was due to their improved moisture resistivity, resulted reduce in the water permeability into the TPS structure 2017 2023-03-06T03:35:20Z 2023-03-06T03:35:20Z Thesis http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/77993 en Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) School of Materials Engineering
institution Universiti Malaysia Perlis
building UniMAP Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Perlis
content_source UniMAP Library Digital Repository
url_provider http://dspace.unimap.edu.my/
language English
topic Thermoplastic composites
Cassava
Starch
Crosslinking (Polymerization)
Thermoplastic starch (TPS)
spellingShingle Thermoplastic composites
Cassava
Starch
Crosslinking (Polymerization)
Thermoplastic starch (TPS)
Amirah Hulwani, Mohd Zain
Study on thermoplastic cassava starch modifications via chemical, photo and irradiation induced crosslinking
description Master of Science in Materials Engineering
author2 Mohammad Kahar, Ab Wahab, Dr.
author_facet Mohammad Kahar, Ab Wahab, Dr.
Amirah Hulwani, Mohd Zain
format Thesis
author Amirah Hulwani, Mohd Zain
author_sort Amirah Hulwani, Mohd Zain
title Study on thermoplastic cassava starch modifications via chemical, photo and irradiation induced crosslinking
title_short Study on thermoplastic cassava starch modifications via chemical, photo and irradiation induced crosslinking
title_full Study on thermoplastic cassava starch modifications via chemical, photo and irradiation induced crosslinking
title_fullStr Study on thermoplastic cassava starch modifications via chemical, photo and irradiation induced crosslinking
title_full_unstemmed Study on thermoplastic cassava starch modifications via chemical, photo and irradiation induced crosslinking
title_sort study on thermoplastic cassava starch modifications via chemical, photo and irradiation induced crosslinking
publisher Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
publishDate 2017
url http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/77993
_version_ 1772813087114526720
score 13.222552

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